Most everyone agrees that effective mathematics teaching involves "meeting the students where they are" and helping them build on what they know. But that is often easier said than done. In this important new book for pre-and in-service teachers, early math experts Douglas Clements and Julie Sarama show how "learning trajectories" help diagnose what mathematics a child knows. By opening up new windows to seeing young children and the inherent delight and curiosity behind their mathematical reasoning, learning trajectories ultimately make teaching more joyous. They help teachers understand the varying level of knowledge and thinking of their classes and the individuals within them as key in serving the needs of all children. In straightforward, no-nonsense language, this book summarizes what is known about how children learn mathematics, and how to build on what they know to realize more effective teaching practice. It will help teachers understand the learning trajectories of early mathematics and become quintessential professionals. Book jacket.