9780071093804

This anthology for first and second year students introduces them to the history of key ideas in the modern period related to sexual difference, gender, race, class, and sexuality. While most introductory Women's Studies textbooks focus on the United States, even if they add multiculturalism to the discussion, this book looks at the history of important differences between women in diverse locations around the world and continually challenges students to think through the issues that are raised. This transnational approach to understanding gender brings Women's Studies into an era of globalization and connects women'¬"s issues in the United States to women'¬"s issues elsewhere. The book shows how colonialism and imperialism, as they spread across the world, shaped ideas about gender as much as other modern phenomena. It addresses issues of power and inequalities and focuses on links and connections rather than commonalties. The readings are truly interdisciplinary, drawing upon scholarly work in many disciplines and interdisciplinary fields as well as non-scholarly sources.

I. Women’s Bodies in Science and Culture
Introductory Essay
Section 1: Sex Differences Across Cultures
A: Nelly Oudshoorn, “Sex and the Body”
B: Emily Martin, “Egg and the Sperm,”
C: Carol Laderman, “A Welcoming Soil: Islamic Humoralism”
D: Charlotte Furth, “Androgynous Males and Deficient Females: Biology and Gender Boundaries in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century China”
E: Carole S. Vance, “Social Construction Theory: Problems in the History of Sexuality”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 2 : The Rise of Western Science
A: Linda Gordon, “Magic”
B: Sheila Rowbotham, “Feminist Approaches to Technology”
C: Anne Fausto-Sterling. “The Biological Connection”
D: Stephen Jay Gould, “Women’s Brains”
E: Udo Schuklenk et al, “The Ethics of Genetic Research on Sexual Orientation”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 3: The Making of Race, Sex, and Empire
A: Ian F. Haney López, “The Social Construction of Race”
B: Linda Gordon, “Malthusianism”
C: Anna Davin, “Imperialism and Motherhood”
D: Frank Dikkoter, “Race Culture: Recent Perspectives on the History of Eugenics”
E: Evelynn M. Hammonds, “New Technologies of Race”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 4: Medicine in an Historical Perspective
A: Nongenile Masithatu Zenani, “When a Doctor is Called, She Must Go”
B: Barbara Ehrenreich and Dierdre English, “Exorcising the Midwives”
C: David Arnold, “Women and Medicine”
D: Ben Barker-Benfield, “Sexual Surgery in Late-Nineteenth-Century America”
E: Rogaia Abusharaf, “Unmasking Tradition”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 5: Population Control and Reproductive Rights: Technology and Power
A: Susan Davis, “Contested Terrain: The Historical Struggle for Fertility Control”
B: Angela Davis, “Reproductive Rights”
C: Soheir Morsy, “Biotechnology and the Taming of Women’s Bodies”
D: Betsey Hartmann, “Family Matters”
E: Committee on Women, Population and the Environment, “Call for a New Approach”
F: Debra Harry, “The Human Genome Diversity Project: Implications for Indigenous Peoples”
G: Reflecting on the Section
Section 6: Strategizing Health Education
A: Maureen Larkin, “Global Aspects of Health and Health Policy in Third World Countries”
B: Judy Norsigian, “The Women’s Health Movement in the United States”
C: Katheryn Carovano, “More Than Mothers and Whores: Redefining the AIDS Prevention Needs of Women”
D: National Latina Health Organization, “Norplant Information Sheet”
E: Nadia Farah, “The Egyptian Women’s Health Book Collective”
F: Lois M. Smith and Alfred Padula, “Reproductive Health”
G: Reflecting on the Section
II. Gendered Identities: Individuals, Communities, Nations, Worlds
Introductory Essay
Section 1: Modern Nations and the Individual in the West
A: Judith Squires, “Public and Private”
B: Mary Wollestonecraft, “From A Vindication of the Rights of Women”
C: Jan Jindy Pettman, “Women and Citizenship”
D: Patricia J. Williams, “Owning the Self in a Disowned World”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 2: Gender and the Rise of the Modern State
A: Jan Jindy Pettman, “Women, Gender, and the State”
B: Jeffrey Weeks, “Power and the State”
C: Margot Badran, “Competing Agenda: Feminists, Islam and the State in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Egypt”
D: Donna Guy, “‘White Slavery,’ Citizenship, and Nationality in Argentina”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 3: New Social Movements and Identity Politics
A: Kathryn Woodward, “Concepts of Identity and Difference”
B: Alexandra Kollontai, “Feminism and the Question of Class”
C: Kimberlé Crenshaw, “Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color”
D: Patricia Zavella, “Reflections on Diversity among Chicanas”
E: Lisa Duggan, “Making It Perfectly Queer”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 4: Communities and Nations
A: Peter Burke, “We, the People”
B: Cynthia Enloe, “Nationalism and Masculinity”
C: Hagiwara Hiroko, “Women of Conformity: The Work of Shimada Yoshiko”
D: Kathleen M. Blee, “The First Ku Klux Klan”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 5: Feminist Organizing Across Borders
A: Leila J. Rupp, “The International First Wave”
B: Crystal Eastman, “A Program for Voting Women”
C: Mamphele Ramphele, “Whither Feminism?”
D: Farida Shaheed, “Controlled or Autonomous: Identity and the Experience of the Network, Women Living Under Muslim Laws”
E: Lepa Mladjenovic and Vera Litricin, “Belgrade Feminists 1992: Separation, Guilt, and Identity Crisis”
F: Lina Abu-Habib, “Welfare, Rights, and the Disability Movement”
G. Reflecting on the Section
III. Representations, Cultures, Media and Markets
Introductory Essay
Section 1: Ways of Seeing: Representational Practices
A: John Berger, Excerpts from Ways of Seeing
B: Catherine King, “Making Things Mean: Cultural Representation in Objects”
C: Rozsika Parker, “Feminist Art Practices”
D: Jane Blocker, “Where is Ana Mendieta?”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 2: Feminist Interventions in Art and Media
A: Judith Fryer Davidov, “Prologue”
B: Mica Nava, “Karen Alexander: Video Worker”
C: Andrea Weiss, “Female Pleasures and Perversions in the Silent and Early Sound Cinema”
D: Jianying Zha, “Yearnings”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 3: Gender and Literacy: The Rise of Print and Media Cultures
A: Stuart Ewen and Elizabeth Ewen, “The Bribe of Frankenstein”
B: Rassundari Devi, “The Sixth Composition”
C: Pat Dean, “Literacy: Liberation or Lip Service?”
D: M.S. Mlahleki, “Literacy: No Panacea for Women’s Problems”
E: William Wresch, “World Media”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 4: Representing Women In Colonial Contexts
A: Judith Williamson, “Woman is an Island: Femininity and Colonization”
B: Catherine A. Lutz and Jane L. Collins. Excerpts from Reading National Geographic
C: Marnia Lazreg, “Feminism and Difference”
D: Sarah Graham-Brown, “Images of Women: The Portrayal of Women in Photography of the Middle East”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 5: Consumer Culture and the Business of Advertising
A: Robert Bocock, “Gender and Consumption”
B: Elaine S. Abelson, “Urban Women and the Emergence of Shopping”
C: Jennifer Scanlon, Excerpt from Inarticulate Longings
D: Amy Gluckman and Betsy Reed, “The Gay Marketing Moment”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 6: Consumer Beauty Culture: Commodifying the Body
A: Rosalind Coward, “The Body Beautiful”
B: Nancy Worcester, “Nourishing Ourselves”
C: Roland Marchand, “Grotesque Moderne”
D: Allison Samuels, “Black Beauty’s New Face”
E: Celestine Bohlen, “Italians Contemplate Beauty in a Caribbean Brow”
F: Barry Bearak, “Ugliness in India Over Miss World”
G: Rone Tempest, “Barbie and the World Economy”
H: Reflecting on the Section
Section 7: Cyberculture
A: Anne Balsamo, “Feminism for the Incurably Informed”
B: Panos Media Briefing #16, “The Internet and the South: Superhighway or Dirt-Track?”
C: Fatma Alloo, “Using Information Technology as a Mobilizing Force: The Case of The Tanzania Media Women’s Association”
D: Reflecting on the Section
IV. Gendering Globalization and Displacement
Introductory Essay
Section 1: Travel and Tourism
A: Cynthia Enloe, “On the Beach: Sexism and Tourism”
B: Mary Seacole, “Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands”
C: Sylvia M. Jacobs, “Give a Thought to Africa: Black Women Missionaries in Southern Africa”
D: Sylvia Chant, “Female Employment in Puerto Vallarta: A Case Study”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 2: Forced Relocations and Removals
A: Lydia Potts, Excerpt from The World Labor Market: A History of Migration
B: Lorna Dee Cervantes, “Refugee Ship,”
C: Wilma Mankiller and Michael Wallace, Excerpt from Mankiller: A Chief and Her People,
D: Phil Marfleet, “The Refugee”
E: Khadija Elmadmad, “The Human Rights of Refugees with Special Reference to Muslim Refugee Women”
F: Reflecting on the Section
Section 3: Diasporas
A: Stuart Hall, “From ‘Routes’ to Roots”
B: Claudette Williams, “Gal . . . You Come from Foreign”
C: Ella Shohat, “Reflections of an Arab Jew”
D: Joan Gross, David McMurray, and Ted Swedenburg. “Arab Noise and Ramadan Nights: Rai, Rap, and Franco-Maghrebi Identity”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 4: Women, Work and Immigration
A: Evelyn Nakano Glenn, “Women and Labor Migration”
B: Leslie Salzinger, “A Maid by Any Other Name: The Transformation of ‘Dirty Work’ by Central American Immigrants”
C: Rigoberta Menchu, “A Maid in the Capital”
D: Satoko Watenabe, “From Thailand to Japan: Migrant Sex Workers as Autonomous Subjects”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 5: The Gender Politics of Economic Globalization
A: Augusta Dwyer, “Welcome to the Border”
B: Human Rights Watch, “Sex Discrimination in the Maquiladoras”
C: Amber Ault and Eve Sandberg, “Our Policies, Their Consequences: Zambian Women's Lives Under Structural Adjustment”
D: Faye V. Harrison, “The Gendered Politics and Violence of Structural Adjustment: A View from Jamaica”
E: Reflecting on the Section
Section 6: Global Food Production and Consumption
A: Ecumenical Coalition for Social Justice, “A Whirlwind Tour With Your Guide Tomasito, the Tomato”
B: Junko Arimura, “Globalization from a Consumer’s Perspective: The Exciting Relationship between the World and Me”
C: Nancy Worcester, “The Obesity of the Food Industry”
D: Reflection on the Section
CONCLUSION: Feminist Futures: Transnational
Perspectives
Concluding Comment
A: Cynthia Enloe, “Beyond the Global Victim”
B: Teresa Carillo, “Cross-Border Talk: Transnational Perspectives on Labor, Race, and Sexuality”
C: Reflecting on the Section
Bibliography
List of Illustrations and Me”
C: Nancy Worcester, “The Obesity of the Food Industry”
D: Reflection on the Section
CONCLUSION: Feminist Futures: Transnational
Perspectives
Concluding Comment
A: Cynthia Enloe, “Beyond the Global Victim”
B: Teresa Carillo, “Cross-Border Talk: Transnational Perspectives on Labor, Race, and Sexuality”
C: Reflecting on the Section
Bibliography
List of Illustrations

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An Introduction to Women's Studies: Gender in a Transnational World

An Introduction to Women's Studies: Gender in a Transnational World

007109380X

Summary

Table of Contents

Introductory Essay

Section 1: Sex Differences Across Cultures

A: Nelly Oudshoorn, “Sex and the Body”

B: Emily Martin, “Egg and the Sperm,”

C: Carol Laderman, “A Welcoming Soil: Islamic Humoralism”

D: Charlotte Furth, “Androgynous Males and Deficient Females: Biology and Gender Boundaries in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century China”

E: Carole S. Vance, “Social Construction Theory: Problems in the History of Sexuality”

F: Reflecting on the Section

Section 2 : The Rise of Western Science

A: Linda Gordon, “Magic”

B: Sheila Rowbotham, “Feminist Approaches to Technology”

C: Anne Fausto-Sterling. “The Biological Connection”

D: Stephen Jay Gould, “Women’s Brains”

E: Udo Schuklenk et al, “The Ethics of Genetic Research on Sexual Orientation”

F: Reflecting on the Section

Section 3: The Making of Race, Sex, and Empire

A: Ian F. Haney López, “The Social Construction of Race”

B: Linda Gordon, “Malthusianism”

C: Anna Davin, “Imperialism and Motherhood”

D: Frank Dikkoter, “Race Culture: Recent Perspectives on the History of Eugenics”

E: Evelynn M. Hammonds, “New Technologies of Race”

F: Reflecting on the Section

Section 4: Medicine in an Historical Perspective

A: Nongenile Masithatu Zenani, “When a Doctor is Called, She Must Go”

B: Barbara Ehrenreich and Dierdre English, “Exorcising the Midwives”

C: David Arnold, “Women and Medicine”

D: Ben Barker-Benfield, “Sexual Surgery in Late-Nineteenth-Century America”

E: Rogaia Abusharaf, “Unmasking Tradition”

F: Reflecting on the Section

Section 5: Population Control and Reproductive Rights: Technology and Power

A: Susan Davis, “Contested Terrain: The Historical Struggle for Fertility Control”

B: Angela Davis, “Reproductive Rights”

C: Soheir Morsy, “Biotechnology and the Taming of Women’s Bodies”

D: Betsey Hartmann, “Family Matters”

E: Committee on Women, Population and the Environment, “Call for a New Approach”

F: Debra Harry, “The Human Genome Diversity Project: Implications for Indigenous Peoples”

G: Reflecting on the Section

Section 6: Strategizing Health Education

A: Maureen Larkin, “Global Aspects of Health and Health Policy in Third World Countries”

B: Judy Norsigian, “The Women’s Health Movement in the United States”

C: Katheryn Carovano, “More Than Mothers and Whores: Redefining the AIDS Prevention Needs of Women”

D: National Latina Health Organization, “Norplant Information Sheet”

E: Nadia Farah, “The Egyptian Women’s Health Book Collective”

F: Lois M. Smith and Alfred Padula, “Reproductive Health”

G: Reflecting on the Section

II. Gendered Identities: Individuals, Communities, Nations, Worlds

Introductory Essay

Section 1: Modern Nations and the Individual in the West

A: Judith Squires, “Public and Private”

B: Mary Wollestonecraft, “From A Vindication of the Rights of Women”

C: Jan Jindy Pettman, “Women and Citizenship”

D: Patricia J. Williams, “Owning the Self in a Disowned World”

E: Reflecting on the Section

Section 2: Gender and the Rise of the Modern State

A: Jan Jindy Pettman, “Women, Gender, and the State”

B: Jeffrey Weeks, “Power and the State”

C: Margot Badran, “Competing Agenda: Feminists, Islam and the State in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Egypt”

D: Donna Guy, “‘White Slavery,’ Citizenship, and Nationality in Argentina”

E: Reflecting on the Section

Section 3: New Social Movements and Identity Politics

A: Kathryn Woodward, “Concepts of Identity and Difference”

B: Alexandra Kollontai, “Feminism and the Question of Class”

C: Kimberlé Crenshaw, “Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color”

D: Patricia Zavella, “Reflections on Diversity among Chicanas”

E: Lisa Duggan, “Making It Perfectly Queer”

F: Reflecting on the Section

Section 4: Communities and Nations

A: Peter Burke, “We, the People”

B: Cynthia Enloe, “Nationalism and Masculinity”

C: Hagiwara Hiroko, “Women of Conformity: The Work of Shimada Yoshiko”

D: Kathleen M. Blee, “The First Ku Klux Klan”

E: Reflecting on the Section

Section 5: Feminist Organizing Across Borders