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Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

by: Valentino, James V.; Goldenberg, Ed; Predator Inc, AAA

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

by: Valentino, James V.; Goldenberg, Ed; Predator Inc, AAA

ISBN 13:
9780130944245
ISBN 10:
0130944246
Edition: 3rd
Format: Hardcover w/Disk
Copyright: 01/01/2008
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Summary

Provides basic training in an important area of modern manufacturing, computer numerical control (CNC). Designed to gradually develop the most fundamental concepts in CNC technology using language that is easy for beginners to understand. Previous edition c2000.

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control Manufacturing

(12)

Chapter Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Numerical Control Definition, Its Concepts and Advantages

(1)

Definition of Computer Numerical Control and its Components

(2)

Advantages of CNC Compared with NC

(1)

Special Requirements for Utilizing CNC

(1)

Financial Rewards of CNC Investment

(1)

CNC Machining Centers and Turning Centers

(2)

Other Types of CNC Equipment

(1)

CNC Input and Storage Media

(3)

Chapter Summary

(2)

Review Exercises

(2)

Modern Machine Tool Controls

(13)

Chapter Objective

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Different Types of System Control

(3)

Loop Systems for Controlling Tool Movement

(2)

Establishing Locations via Cartesian Coordinates

(1)

CNC Machine Axes of Motion

(3)

Types of Tool Positioning Modes

(1)

Units Used for Positioning Coordinates

(1)

Chapter Summary

(2)

Review Exercises

(2)

Tooling for Hole and Milling Operations

(22)

Chapter Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Tooling for Drilling Operations

(4)

Carbide Insert Technology

(2)

Tooling for Hole Operations that Follow Drilling

(3)

Tool Speeds and Feeds for Hole Operations

(2)

Tooling for Profile Milling and Facing Operations

(4)

Coated Tooling

(1)

Tool Speeds and Feeds for Milling Operations

(4)

Feed Directions for Milling Operations

(1)

Cutting Fluids for CNC Operations

(1)

Chapter Summary

(2)

Review Exercises

(2)

Exploring Features of CNC Machining Centers

(14)

Chapter Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Background on CNC Machining Centers

(2)

Tooling Systems Used with Automatic Tool Changers

(3)

Methods of Securing Tools in Tool Holders

(1)

Methods of Securing Tooling Systems to the CNC Spindle

(1)

Automatic Tool Changer Systems

(2)

Pallet Loading Systems

(3)

Chapter Summary

(2)

Review Exercises

(1)

Review of Basic Blueprint Reading for CNC Programmers

(72)

Chapter Objective

(1)

Introducion

(1)

Sheet Sizes

(1)

Drawing Formats

(6)

Interpreting Lines in Drawings

(4)

Projection Conventions Used in Drawings

(2)

Visualizing 3D Objects from 2D Othographic Views

(1)

Auxiliary Views

(1)

Sectional Views

(1)

Reading Dimensions

(23)

Reading Threads and Thread Notes

(10)

Reading Surface Finish Symbols and Notes

108

(1)

Reading Material Specifications

109

(13)

Understanding Heat Treatment Notes

122

(2)

Interpreting Surface Coating Notes

124

(7)

Chapter Summary

131

(3)

Review Exercises

131

(1)

Bibliography

132

(2)

Review of Basic Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing for CNC Programmers

134

(17)

Chapter Objectives

134

(1)

Introduction

134

(1)

GDT Terminology

135

(2)

Part Form Controls

137

(4)

Datums

141

(1)

Part Profile Controls

142

(1)

Part Location, Orientation, and Runout Controls

142

(7)

Chapter Summary

149

(2)

Review Exercises

149

(1)

Bibliography

150

(1)

Mathematics for CNC Programming

151

(11)

Chapter Objectives

151

(1)

Introduction

151

(1)

Determining Sides of Right Triangles

151

(1)

Useful Angle Concepts

152

(4)

Determining Angles of Right Triangles

156

(1)

Oblique Triangles

157

(1)

Chapter Summary

158

(4)

Review Exercises

158

(4)

An Overview of CNC Shop Activities

162

(12)

Chapter Objectives

162

(1)

Introduction

162

(1)

Essential CNC Shop Activities

162

(1)

Part Drawing Study

162

(3)

Methodizing of Operations

165

(1)

Deciding on a CNC Machine

165

(1)

Methods of Holding the Part During Machining

166

(1)

Machining Determination

167

(1)

Cutting Conditions

167

(1)

Writing a Part Programming Manuscript

167

(1)

Inputting Programs to the MCU

167

(2)

Setup and Machining Documentation

169

(1)

Setup Procedure

170

(2)

Debugging and Verifying the Program

172

(1)

Part Production

172

(1)

Chapter Summary

172

(2)

Review Exercises

173

(1)

Word Address Programming

174

(12)

Chapter Objectives

174

(1)

Introduction

174

(1)

Programming Language Format

174

(1)

Programming Language Terminology

175

(2)

Arrangement of Addresses in a Block

177

(1)

Program and Sequence Numbers (O, N Codes)

177

(1)

Preparatory Functions (G Codes)

178

(2)

Dimension Words (X, Y, Z ... Codes)

180

(1)

Feed Rate (F Code)

181

(1)

Spindle Speed (S Code)

181

(1)

Miscellaneous Machine Functions (M Codes)

182

(1)

Automatic Tool Changing (M06 Code)

182

(1)

Tool Length Offset and Cutter Radius Compensation (H, D Codes)

183

(1)

Comments

183

(1)

Chapter Summary

184

(2)

Review Exercises

184

(2)

Programming Hole Operations

186

(19)

Chapter Objectives

186

(1)

Introduction

186

(1)

Fixed or Canned Cycles

186

(1)

Hole Operation Commands

187

(6)

Writing a Hole Operation Program

193

(7)

Chapter Summary

200

(5)

Review Exercises

200

(5)

Programming Linear Profiles

205

(27)

Chapter Objectives

205

(1)

Introduction

205

(1)

Linear Interpolation Commands

205

(1)

Writing a Linear Profiling Program

205

(6)

Determining Cutter Offsets for Inclined Line Profiles

211

(15)

Chapter Summary

226

(6)

Review Exercises

226

(6)

Programming Circular Profiles

232

(32)

Chapter Objectives

232

(1)

Introduction

232

(1)

Specifying the Plane for Circular Arc Interpolation

232

(1)

Circular Interpolation Commands

232

(6)

Circular Interpolation via Direct Radius Specification

238

(2)

Profiling Arcs at Constant Feed Rate

240

(1)

Determining Cutter Offsets for Line-Arc Profiles

241

(13)

Chapter Summary

254

(10)

Review Exercises

254

(10)

Programming with Cutter Diameter Compensation

264

(23)

Chapter Objectives

264

(1)

Introduction

264

(1)

Cutter Diameter Compensation

264

(2)

Advantages of Using Cutter Diameter Compensation

266

(1)

Some Restrictions with Cutter Diameter Compensation

266

(2)

Cutter Diameter Compensation Commands

268

(7)

Cutter Diameter Compensation with Z-Axis Movement

275

(1)

Cutter Diameter Compensation Interruptions

275

(7)

Chapter Summary

282

(5)

Review Exercises

282

(5)

Programming With Subprograms

287

(29)

Chapter Objectives

287

(1)

Introduction

287

(1)

Subprogram Concept

287

(1)

Fanuc Commands for Calling a Subprogram and Returning to the Main Program

288

(3)

Additional Subprogram Control Features

291

(1)

General Rules for Subprogramming

292

(17)

Chapter Summary

309

(7)

Review Exercises

310

(6)

Introduction to the CNC Lathe

316

(15)

Chapter Objectives

316

(1)

Introduction

316

(1)

Components of Modern CNC Lathes

316

(3)

CNC Lathe Axes of Motion

319

(1)

Basic Lathe Operations

320

(2)

Tooling for CNC Lathe Operations

322

(4)

Tool Speeds and Feeds for Lathe Operations

326

(1)

Feed Directions and Rake Angles for Lathe Operations

327

(2)

Chapter Summary

329

(2)

Review Exercises

329

(2)

Fundamental Concepts of CNC Lathe Programming

331

(26)

Chapter Objectives

331

(1)

Introduction

331

(1)

Establishing Locations via Cartesian Coordinates (CNC Lathes)

332

(1)

Types of Tool Positioning Modes (CNC Lathes)

333

(2)

Reference Point, Machining Origin, and Program Origin

335

(1)

Setup Procdures for CNC Lathes

336

(2)

Important Preparatory Functions (G Codes) for Lathes

338

(1)

Important Miscellaneous Functions (M Codes) for Lathes

338

(1)

``Zero Offset'' Command

339

(1)

Feed Rate (F Code)

339

(1)

Spindle Speed (S Code)

340

(1)

Spindle Speed with Constant Surface Speed Control

341

(1)

Spindle Speed with Clamp Speed and Constant Surface Speed Controls

341

(2)

Automatic Tool Changing

343

(1)

Linear Interpolation Commands (CNC Lathes)

344

(1)

Determining Cutter Offsets for CNC Lathes Operations

344

(3)

Circular Interpolation Commands (CNC Lathes)

347

(3)

Grooving Commands

350

(1)

Return to Reference Point Command

351

(1)

Chapter Summary

352

(5)

Review Exercises

352

(5)

Techniques and Fixed Cycles for CNC Lathe Programming

357

(49)

Chapter Objectives

357

(1)

Introduction

357

(1)

Tool Edge Programming

357

(1)

Tool Nose Radius Compensation Programming

358

(1)

Setting Up Tool Nose Radius Compensation

359

(2)

Some Restrictions with Tool Nose Radius Compensation

361

(1)

Tool Nose Radius Compensation Commands

361

(6)

Turning and Boring Cycle: G90

367

(3)

Facing Cycle: G94

370

(2)

Multiple Repetitive Cycles: G70 to G75

372

(1)

Stock Removal in Turning and Boring Cycle: G71

372

(2)

Finish Turning and Boring Cycle: G70

374

(6)

Peck Drilling and Face Grooving Cycle: G74

380

(5)

Peck Cutoff and Grooving Cycle: G75

385

(4)

Thread Cutting on CNC Lathes and Turning Centers

389

(1)

Single-Pass Threading Cycle: G32

390

(3)

Multiple-Pass Threading Cycle: G92

393

(2)

Multiple Repetitive Threading Cycle: G76

395

(2)

Chapter Summary

397

(9)

Review Exercises

397

(9)

Modern Computer-Aided Part Programming

406

(29)

Chapter Objectives

406

(1)

Introduction

406

(1)

Modern Developments in the Process of CNC Programming

406

(1)

Using and Off-Line Computer to Write and Store Part Programs

407

(1)

An Introduction to Computer-Aided Programming Languages

407

(1)

Elements of the APT Programming Language

408

(4)

Writing a Complete Program in APT

412

(4)

An Introduction to CAD/CAM Technology

416

(1)

The Elements Comprising CAD

416

(3)

The Elements Comprising CAM

419

(3)

Creating a Complete Part Program Using Mastercam CNC Software

422

(10)

Chapter Summary

432

(3)

Review Exercises

433

(2)

Elements of the Computer-Controlled Factory

435

(10)

Chapter Objectives

435

(1)

Introduction

435

(1)

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing

435

(2)

Operational Strategies Within CIM

437

(1)

Flexible Manufacturing Systems

437

(2)

Important Elements of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

439

(1)

Flexible Manufacturing Cells

440

(1)

Important Elements of Flexible Manufacturing Cells

440

(2)

Networking Within CIM

442

(1)

Need for Training

443

(1)

Chapter Summary

444

(1)

Review Exercises

444

(1)

Verifying Part Programs

445

(68)

Chapter Objectives

445

(1)

Introduction

445

(1)

Predator Simulation Software

445

(1)

System Requirements

446

(1)

Conventions Used in This Chapter

446

(1)

Installation

447

(1)

An Overview of Writing and Verifying Programs

447

(2)

Types of Files Created by Predator

449

(1)

Running an Old Simulation Job Stored on Disk

450

(12)

Running an Old Simulation Job Stored on Disk

462

(4)

Running an Old Simulation Job from C Drive

466

(2)

Preparing a Disk for Storing New Simulation Jobs

468

(2)

Writing a Word Address CNC Program Via the CNC Editor

470

(2)

Using Edit Commands

472

(2)

Using Insert Commands

474

(1)

Using File Commands

475

(3)

Starting the Virtual CNC and Creating Simulation Files

478

(5)

Entering Data into the Setup File on C Drive

483

(14)

Directing the Virtual CNC to Process a Job

497

(5)

Using the Virtual CNC to Inspect a Machined Part

502

(4)

Entering the CNC Editor from Virtual CNC

506

(1)

Creating a New Tool in the Tool Library

507

(3)

Simulating Programs with Cutter Diameter Compensation

510

(3)

Appendix A

513

(2)

Important Safety Precautions

513

(2)

Appendix B

515

(6)

Summary of G Codes for Milling Operations (Fanuc Controllers)

515

(2)

Summary of G Codes for Turning Operations (Fanuc Controllers)

517

(1)

Summary of M Codes for Milling and Turning Operations (Fanuc Controllers)

518

(1)

Summary of Codes for Auxiliary Functions (Fanuc Controllers)

519

(2)

Appendix C

521

(4)

Recommended Speeds and Feeds for Drilling

521

(1)

Recommended Speeds and Feeds for Milling

522

(1)

Recommended Speeds and Feeds for Turning

523

(2)

Appendix D

525

(2)

Summary of Important Machining Formulas

525

(2)

Glossary

527

(8)

Index

535

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

9780130944245

0130944246

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Excerpts

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

9780130944245

0130944246

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Excerpts

Write a Review

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