9780838536889

For Nursing Courses in Growth and Development, Health Promotion or Basic Clinical Theory in the Fundamentals of Nursing.Using a practical, holistic approach to the health care of individuals and families, this text offers specific guidelines for holistic health assessment, with suggested nursing interventions and health promotion strategies at each developmental stage from birth to death. Unique in its comprehensive, consistent, and integrated format, it covers the physical, cognitive, emotional, sociocultural and spiritual aspects of development for each life stage individually in equal depth and breadth.

Contributors

ix

Reviewers

xi

Preface

xiii

PART I Influences on the Developing Person and Family Unit

1

(154)

Sociocultural Influences on the Person and Family

3

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Carolyn Samiezade-Yazd

Cultural Populations in the United States

4

(1)

Definitions

4

(2)

Characterisitcs of Culture

6

(3)

Comparison of Cultures

9

(23)

Socioeconomic Level Subculture

32

(10)

Influences of Culture on Health

42

(3)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

45

(15)

Improving Health Care Practice and Advocacy

60

Environmental Influences on the Person and Family

72

(115)

Norma Nolan Pinnell

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Historical Perspective

73

(1)

Air Pollution

74

(5)

Water Pollution

79

(4)

Soil Pollution

83

(2)

Food Pollution

85

(2)

Noise Pollution

87

(1)

Surface Pollution

88

(4)

Occupational Hazards

92

(10)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

102

(13)

Spiritual and Religious Influences on the Person and Family

115

(40)

Judith Proctor Zentner

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Caroline Samiezade-Yazd

Sylvia Adams

Pamela Talley

Frances Atkins

Elaine Cox

Definitions

116

(1)

World Religions

117

(16)

Special Religious Groups of Interest

133

(4)

Other Spiritual Movements

137

(2)

Other Trends in the Spiritiual Dimension

139

(1)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

140

(15)

PART II Basic Concepts Related to the Developing Person and Family Unit

155

(168)

The Family: Basic Unit for the Developing Person

157

(56)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Joyce Patricia Dees Brockhaus

Robert Brockhaus

Eleanor Sullivan

Definitions

158

(2)

Overview of Family Theoretic Approaches

160

(1)

Purposes, Tasks, Roles, and Functions of the Family

160

(5)

Family Adaptation

165

(3)

Stages of Family Development

168

(3)

Family Interaction

171

(8)

Family Lifestyles and Childrearing Practices

179

(8)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

187

(26)

Overview: Theories Related to Human Development

213

(65)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Progression of Study of Human Behavior

213

(1)

Biological Theories

214

(6)

Ecologic Theories

220

(4)

Psychological Theories

224

(1)

Behavioral Theory

225

(6)

Psychoanalytic and Neo-Analytic Theories

231

(11)

Cognitive Theory and Theorists

242

(8)

Moral Development Theorists

250

(1)

Existential and Humanistic Theories

251

(6)

Stress and Crisis Theories

257

(12)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

269

(9)

The Developing Person: Principles of Growth and Development

278

(45)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Dorothy Fox

Judith Proctor Zentner

Dimensions of Time

278

(2)

Principles of Growth and Development

280

(1)

General Assumptions About Behavior

280

(3)

Developing Person: Prenatal Stages and Influences

283

(25)

Variables Related to Childbirth That Affect the Baby

308

(2)

Early Childhood Variables That Affect the Person

310

(2)

Sociocultural Factors That Influence the Developing Person

312

(4)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

316

(7)

PART III The Developing Person and Family: Infancy Through Adolescence

323

(274)

Assessment and Health promotion for the Infant

325

(57)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Nina Kelsey Westus

Joan Haugk

Judith Proctor Zentner

Jill Zentner Burns

Family Development and Relationships

326

(10)

Physiologic Concepts

336

(31)

Psychosocial Concepts

367

(6)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

373

(9)

Assessment and Health Promotion for the Toddler

382

(31)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Mary Ellen Grohar-Murray

Family Development and Relationships

383

(1)

Influence of the Family

383

(3)

Physiologic Concepts

386

(10)

Psychosocial Concepts

396

(14)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

410

(3)

Assessment and Health Promotion for the Preschooler

413

(52)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Family Development and Relationships

414

(9)

Physiologic Concepts

423

(17)

Psychosocial Concepts

440

(19)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

459

(6)

Assessment and Health Promotion for the Schoolchild

465

(59)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Norma Nolan Pinnell

Family Development and Relationships

466

(6)

Physiologic Concepts

472

(16)

Psychosocial Concepts

488

(30)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

518

(6)

Assessment and Health promotion for the Adolescent and Youth

524

(73)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Norma Nolan Pinnell

Judith Proctor Zentner

Historical and Cultural Perspectives

525

(1)

Definitions

525

(1)

Family Development and Relationships

526

(4)

Physiologic Concepts

530

(9)

Psychosocial Concepts

539

(16)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

555

(42)

PART IV The Developing Person and Family: Young Adulthood Through Death

597

(268)

Assessment and Health Promotion for the Young Adult

599

(87)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Norma Nolan Pinnell

Judith Proctor Zentner

Family Development and Relationships

600

(1)

Physiologic Concepts

601

(32)

Psychosocial Concepts

633

(22)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

655

(31)

Assessment and Health Promotion for the Middle-Aged Person

686

(59)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Family Development and Relationships

687

(11)

Physiologic Concepts

698

(20)

Psychosocial Concepts

718

(20)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

738

(1)

Transition to Later Adulthood

738

(7)

Assessment and Health Promotion for the Person in Later Adulthood

745

(90)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Norma Nolan Pinnell

Mildred Heyes Boland

Definitions

746

(1)

Societal Perspectives on Aging

747

(1)

Theories of Aging

748

(6)

Family Development and Relationships

754

(8)

Physiologic Concepts

762

(31)

Psychological Concepts

793

(17)

Socioeconomic Concepts

810

(14)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

824

(11)

Death, the Last Developmental Stage

835

(30)

Ruth Beckmann Murray

Judith Proctor Zentner

Richard Yakimo

Issues Related to Dying and Death

835

(7)

Developmental Concepts of Death

842

(4)

Behavior and Feelings of the Person Facing Death

846

(6)

Health Care and Nursing Applications

852

(13)

Index

865

What is included with this book?

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Preface To provide holistic health promotion and preventive care, we believe the nurse and other health care providers must consider all dimensions of development and the total health of the person and family. The physical, mental, emotional, sociocultural, and spiritual needs and characteristics are interrelated. Your emphasis must be on comprehensive assessment of the whole person and on health promotion and appropriate interventions and strategies rather than on patchwork remedies or fragmented understanding. This has been an emphasis in each of our previous editions. We are gratified to see the emphasis of nursing and health care dramatically follow our projection. Now in the seventh edition, we have retained and updated the most important of these concepts. All chapters have been reorganized to present the most essential information. This text introduces you to the highly complex, normal person and the family during the entire life span--from birth to death. Birth is considered the first developmental stage, death the last. In Part 1, Chapters 1, 2, and 3, you will explore the influences on the developing person--sociocultural, environmental, spiritual, and religious. In Part II, Chapters 4, S, and 6, you will study the family as the basic unit for the developing person, theories of human development, and basic principles of growth and development. Chapters 7 through 14 present each life stage from infancy through later adulthood. Chapter 15 presents dying and death as the last developmental stage. Each chapter is presented in a consistent format: Family development and relationships Physiologic concepts, including physical characteristics, special considerations in physical assessment, nutrition, exercise, rest and sleep, play or leisure, and health promotion Psychosocial concepts, including cognitive, emotional and moral and spiritual development, individual developmental tasks, and health promotion Health care and nursing applications, including common health problems and special concerns Research abstracts and case situations further highlight significant findings for the individual and family throughout the life span. We believe that the integrated, holistic approach of this text provides the most comprehensive review possible of each developmental stage and, in a sense, a critical pathway paradigm for health and health promotion. As you use this book, keep in mind that although each person is unique, the uniqueness occurs in the predictable patterns discussed in this text. Your knowledge of normal mental and physical health and influences on development and health at each life stage can help you detect deviations from the norm and use intervention measures appropriate to the person's or family's development. In this text, intervention focuses on measures that foster and maintain health and major points of care for common health problems. The table at the end of the preface summarizes health promotion measure discussed throughout the book. We do not cover diseases, their treatment, or specific assessment techniques in detail. These are covered in many clinical texts that can be used in conjunction with this text. Before you can understand the ill person and the family, you must understand the well person in the usual family and community setting. Only then can your assessment be thorough and your intervention individualized. Only then will you be prepared to give the community-focused care that is now emphasized. Although nurses have always had to cope with death, usually it has been written about on a superficial basis. An in-depth study of the phases of dying, how to assist the person and family in making decisions related to death, and specific care measures will enhance your ability to foster a naturalness about this last event in life. Before reading any chapters,you should orient yourself b

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Health Promotion Strategies Through the Life Span

Health Promotion Strategies Through the Life Span

0838536883

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