From the Middle Ages onward, writers, artists, and composers have evoked canonical works from the distant or more recent past, in some cases in order to demonstrate respect for tradition, in others merely to enrich their own productions. But whatever their reasons, they all, explains Citation, Intertextuality, and Memory in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, manipulated the memory of their readers. The essays in this multidisciplinary volume offer a wide array of scholarship on the role of memory and citation in the cultural output of the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, examining both renowned and less well-known works from France, England, and Italy.