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Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

by: Morley,Deborah

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

by: Morley,Deborah

ISBN 13:
9780619267667
ISBN 10:
0619267666
Edition: 10th
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 03/01/2005
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Summary

Give your students a dynamic introduction to computer concepts and the issues that technology brings to our everyday lives. Known for its readability and breadth of topics covered, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow will ensure that students are current and informed in order to succeed in our technocentric society. This Enhanced Edition contains a comprehensive chapter-by-chapter update section on the latest information on computer products, trends, and issues.

Preface

MODULE Introduction

(84)

Introduction to the World of Computers

(36)

Overview

(1)

Computers in Your Life

(5)

Why Learn About Computers?

(1)

Computers in the Home

(1)

Computers in Education

(1)

Computers in the Workplace

(1)

Computers on the Go

(1)

What Is a Computer and What Does It Do?

(8)

Computers Then and Now

(2)

Hardware

(2)

Software

(2)

Data and Information

(1)

Computer Users and Professionals

(1)

Computer Networks and the Internet

(2)

The Internet

(1)

Accessing a Network

(1)

Computers to Fit Every Need

(9)

Mobile Devices

(1)

Personal Computers

(7)

Midrange Servers

(1)

Mainframe Computers

(1)

Supercomputers

(1)

Computers and Society

(11)

The Information Age and the New Information Revolution

(1)

Benefits of a Computer-Oriented Society

(1)

Risks of a Computer-Oriented Society

(1)

Summary

(2)

Key Terms

(1)

Review Activities

(2)

Projects

(4)

Using Your PC, Windows, and the Web

(46)

Overview

(1)

Starting Your Computer: The Boot Process

(1)

Using the Windows Operating System

(10)

The Windows Interface

(6)

Opening Windows and Starting Programs

(1)

Manipulating Windows

(3)

Shutting Down the Computer

(1)

Using the Internet and World Wide Web

(14)

What are the Internet and World Wide Web?

(1)

What Is a Browser?

(1)

Accessing the Internet

(2)

Internet Addresses

(4)

Surfing the Web

(4)

Using Bookmarks and the History List

(1)

Searching the Web

(2)

E-Mail and Other Types of Online Communications

(7)

Sending E-Mail

(1)

Receiving E-Mail

(1)

Managing E-Mail

(2)

Discussion Groups, Chat, Instant Messaging, and More

(1)

Netiquette

(1)

Societal Implications of Cyberspace

(13)

Security

(1)

Privacy

(1)

Differences in Online Communications

(1)

The Anonymity Factor

(2)

Information Integrity

(1)

Summary

(2)

Key Terms

(1)

Review Activities

(2)

Projects

(4)

MODULE Hardware

(134)

The System Unit: Processing and Memory

(46)

Overview

(1)

Data and Program Representation

(7)

Digital Data Representation

(1)

Representing Numerical Data: The Binary Numbering System

(1)

Coding Systems for Text-Based Data

(2)

Coding Systems for Other Types of Data

(3)

Representing Programs: Machine Language

(1)

Inside the System Unit

(16)

The Motherboard

(1)

CPU

(4)

Memory

100

(4)

Buses

104

(2)

Expansion Slots and Cards

106

(2)

Ports

108

(3)

How the CPU Works

111

(4)

Typical CPU Components

112

(1)

The System Clock and the Machine Cycle

113

(2)

Making Computers Faster Now and in the Future

115

(18)

Speeding Up Your System Today

115

(3)

Strategies for Making Faster Computers

118

(4)

Future Trends

122

(2)

Summary

124

(2)

Key Terms

126

(1)

Review Activities

127

(2)

Projects

129

(4)

Storage

133

(40)

Overview

134

(1)

Properties of Storage Systems

134

(3)

Storage Devices and Media

134

(1)

Non-Volatility

135

(1)

Removable vs. Fixed Media

135

(1)

Random vs. Sequential Access

135

(1)

Logical vs. Physical Representation

136

(1)

Magnetic Disk Systems

137

(13)

Floppy Disks and Drives

138

(2)

High-Capacity Removable Magnetic Disks and Drives

140

(1)

Hard Disk Drives

140

(10)

Optical Disc Systems

150

(4)

Read-Only Discs: CD-ROM and DVD-ROM Discs

152

(1)

Recordable Discs: CD-R, DVD-R, and DVD+R Discs

153

(1)

Rewritable Discs: CD-RW, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD RAM, and Blue Laser Discs

154

(1)

Other Types of Storage Systems

154

(19)

Magneto-Optical Discs

154

(1)

Flash Memory Media

155

(3)

Magnetic Tape Systems

158

(1)

Remote Storage Systems

159

(1)

Smart Cards

159

(2)

Holographic Storage

161

(1)

Comparing Storage Alternatives

162

(2)

Summary

164

(2)

Key Terms

166

(1)

Review Activities

167

(2)

Projects

169

(4)

Input and Output

173

(46)

Overview

174

(1)

Input and Output

174

(1)

Keyboards

174

(2)

Pointing Devices

176

(5)

Mice

176

(1)

Electronic Pens

177

(3)

Touch Screens

180

(1)

Other Pointing Devices

181

(1)

Scanners and Related Devices

181

(8)

Scanners

183

(2)

Optical Mark Readers (OMRs)

185

(1)

Bar-Code Readers

185

(2)

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Devices

187

(1)

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Readers

187

(2)

Biometric Input Devices

189

(2)

Multimedia Input Devices

191

(4)

Digital Cameras

191

(2)

Audio Input Devices

193

(2)

Display Devices

195

(5)

Display Device Characteristics

195

(2)

CRT Monitors

197

(1)

Flat-Panel Displays

197

(1)

Smart Displays

198

(1)

HDTV Monitors

198

(1)

Data and Multimedia Projectors

199

(1)

Emerging Display Technologies and Applications

199

(1)

Printers

200

(8)

Printer Characteristics

200

(4)

Laser Printers

204

(1)

Ink-Jet Printers

205

(1)

Special-Purpose Printers

206

(2)

Fax Machines and Multifunction Devices

208

(1)

Multimedia Output Devices

208

(11)

Speakers

208

(1)

Voice-Output Systems

209

(1)

Summary

210

(2)

Key Terms

212

(1)

Review Activities

213

(2)

Projects

215

(4)

MODULE Software

219

(90)

Systems Software: Operating Systems and Utilities

221

(40)

Overview

222

(1)

System Software vs. Application Software

222

(1)

The Operating System

223

(9)

Functions of an Operating System

224

(3)

Processing Techniques for Increased Efficiency

227

(3)

Differences Among Operating Systems

230

(2)

Operating Systems for Desktop PCs and Servers

232

(8)

DOS

233

(1)

Windows

234

(3)

Mac OS

237

(1)

UNIX

237

(1)

Linux

238

(1)

NetWare

239

(1)

OS/2 and OS/2 Warp

240

(1)

Solaris

240

(1)

Operating Systems for Handheld PCs and Mobile Devices

240

(2)

Embedded and Mobile Versions of Windows

240

(2)

Palm OS

242

(1)

Symbian OS

242

(1)

Operating Systems for Larger Computers

242

(1)

Utility Programs

243

(8)

File Management Programs

243

(3)

Antivirus Programs

246

(1)

Diagnostic and Disk Management Programs

246

(1)

Uninstall Utilities

247

(1)

File Compression Programs

248

(1)

Backup and Recovery Utilities

248

(2)

Encryption Programs

250

(1)

Network and Internet Utilities

250

(1)

The Future of Operating Systems

251

(10)

Summary

252

(2)

Key Terms

254

(1)

Review Activities

255

(2)

Projects

257

(4)

Application Software

261

(48)

Overview

262

(1)

The Basics of Application Software

262

(9)

Types of Application Software

262

(1)

Ownership Rights and Delivery Methods

263

(3)

Software Suites

266

(2)

Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)

268

(1)

Desktop vs. Handheld PC Software

269

(1)

Getting Help

270

(1)

Word Processing Concepts

271

(5)

What Is Word Processing?

271

(1)

Creating and Editing a Word Processing Document

272

(1)

Formatting a Document

273

(2)

Graphics, Tables, and Templates

275

(1)

Word Processing and the Web

275

(1)

Spreadsheet Concepts

276

(5)

What Is a Spreadsheet?

276

(1)

Creating and Editing a Worksheet

276

(3)

Formatting a Worksheet

279

(1)

Charts and What-If Analysis

280

(1)

Spreadsheets and the Web

281

(1)

Database Concepts

281

(4)

What Is a Database?

281

(1)

Creating a Database

282

(1)

Modifying a Database

283

(1)

Queries and Reports

284

(1)

Databases and the Web

285

(1)

Presentation Graphics Concepts

285

(3)

What Is a Presentation Graphic?

285

(1)

Creating a Presentation

286

(1)

Enhancing and Finishing a Presentation

287

(1)

Presentation Graphics and the Web

288

(1)

Graphics and Multimedia Concepts

288

(9)

Multimedia Applications

289

(2)

Types of Graphics and Multimedia Software

291

(5)

Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web

296

(1)

Other Types of Application Software

297

(12)

Desktop and Personal Publishing Software

297

(1)

Accounting and Personal Finance Software

298

(1)

Educational, Entertainment, and Reference Software

298

(1)

CAD and Other Types of Design Software

298

(1)

Project Management Software

298

(2)

Summary

300

(2)

Key Terms

302

(1)

Review Activities

303

(2)

Projects

305

(4)

MODULE Networks and the Internet

309

(108)

Computer Networks

311

(52)

Overview

312

(1)

Networking and Communications Applications

312

(5)

Wireless Phones

313

(1)

Paging and Messaging

313

(1)

Global Positioning Systems (GPSs)

314

(1)

Satellite Radio

314

(1)

Online Conferencing

314

(1)

Collaborative Computing

315

(1)

Telecommuting

316

(1)

Telemedicine

316

(1)

What is a Network and How Does it Transmit Data?

317

(10)

Data Transmission Characteristics

317

(3)

Wired vs. Wireless Connections

320

(1)

Wired Network Transmission Media

320

(2)

Wireless Network Transmission Media

322

(5)

Types of Networks

327

(4)

Network Topologies

327

(1)

Network Architectures

328

(1)

LANs, WANs, and Other Types of Networks

329

(2)

Networking Hardware

331

(5)

Network Adapters

331

(1)

Modems

332

(2)

Hubs, Switches, and Other Networking Hardware

334

(2)

Communications Protocols

336

(8)

Ethernet

336

(1)

Token Ring

337

(1)

TCP/IP

337

(1)

802.11 (Wi-Fi)

338

(3)

Bluetooth

341

(1)

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

342

(1)

Other Networking Protocols

342

(2)

Network Security Issues

344

(19)

Unauthorized Access and Use

344

(5)

Computer Sabotage

349

(5)

Summary

354

(2)

Key Terms

356

(1)

Review Activities

357

(2)

Projects

359

(4)

The Internet and World Wide Web

363

(54)

Overview

364

(1)

Evolution of the Internet

364

(7)

From Arpanet to Internet2

365

(2)

The Internet Community Today

367

(3)

Myths About the Internet

370

(1)

Getting Set Up to Use the Internet

371

(8)

Type of Device

371

(1)

Type of Connection and Internet Access

372

(5)

Selecting an ISP and Setting Up Your PC

377

(2)

Searching the Internet

379

(6)

Search Sites

379

(2)

Search Strategies

381

(3)

Evaluating Search.Results

384

(1)

Citing Internet Resources

385

(1)

Beyond Browsing and E-Mail

385

(16)

Online Financial Transactions

385

(3)

Online Entertainment

388

(8)

Online News and Research

396

(1)

Online Education

397

(4)

Peer-to-Peer File Sharing

401

(1)

Censorship and Privacy Issues

401

(6)

Censorship

402

(1)

Web Browsing Privacy

402

(5)

E-Mail Privacy

407

(1)

The Future of the Internet

407

(10)

Summary

408

(2)

Key Terms

410

(1)

Review Activities

411

(2)

Projects

413

(4)

MODULE Internet Applications

417

(72)

Multimedia and the Web

419

(36)

Overview

420

(1)

What is Web-Based Multimedia?

420

(1)

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Multimedia

420

(1)

Multimedia Elements

421

(9)

Text

421

(2)

Graphics

423

(4)

Animation

427

(1)

Audio

427

(3)

Video

430

(1)

Multimedia Web Site Design

430

(8)

Basic Design Principles

430

(2)

Determining the Intended Audience and Objectives

432

(1)

Using Flowcharts, Page Layouts, and Storyboards

433

(1)

Navigational Design Considerations

433

(3)

Access Considerations

436

(2)

Multimedia Web Site Development

438

(7)

Creating the Multimedia Elements

438

(1)

Creating the Web Site

438

(6)

Testing and Maintaining the Site

444

(1)

The Future of Web-Based Multimedia

445

(10)

Summary

446

(2)

Key Terms

448

(1)

Review Activities

449

(2)

Projects

451

(4)

E-Commerce

455

(34)

Overview

456

(1)

What is E-Commerce?

456

(5)

Benefits of E-Commerce

458

(2)

Risks of E-Commerce

460

(1)

Types of E-Commerce Web Sites

461

(3)

Manufacturer and E-Tailer Web Sites

462

(1)

Brokerage Sites

462

(2)

E-Commerce Business Models

464

(2)

Business to Consumer (B2C)

464

(1)

Business to Business (B2B)

465

(1)

Consumer to Consumer (C2C)

465

(1)

Business to Government (B2G)

465

(1)

Intermediary Hubs

466

(1)

Implementing Web-Based E-Commerce

466

(13)

Step 1: Select Appropriate Business Models and Types of Web Sites

467

(1)

Step 2: Select Desired E-Commerce Applications

467

(1)

Step 3: Develop Procedures for Handling Electronic Financial Transactions

467

(7)

Step 4: Design and Develop an Effective Web Site

474

(1)

Step 5: Implement Appropriate Sales and Marketing Strategies

475

(4)

Security Issues

479

(10)

Summary

480

(2)

Key Terms

482

(1)

Review Activities

483

(2)

Projects

485

(4)

MODULE Systems

489

(126)

Information Systems and System Development

491

(42)

Overview

492

(1)

What Is an Information System?

492

(1)

Who Uses Information Systems?

493

(1)

Executive Management

493

(1)

Middle Management

494

(1)

Operational Management

494

(1)

Non-Management Workers

494

(1)

Types of Information Systems

494

(15)

Office Systems

494

(1)

Transaction Processing Systems

495

(3)

Management Information Systems (MISs)

498

(1)

Decision Support Systems (DSSs)

498

(1)

Geographical Information Systems (GISs)

498

(1)

Enterprise-Wide and Inter-Enterprise Systems

499

(5)

Design and Manufacturing Systems

504

(1)

Artificial Intelligence Systems

504

(5)

Responsibility for System Development

509

(4)

The Information Systems Department

511

(1)

Outsourcing Companies

511

(2)

The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

513

(9)

Preliminary Investigation

514

(1)

System Analysis

515

(2)

System Design

517

(2)

System Acquisition

519

(1)

System Implementation

520

(2)

System Maintenance

522

(1)

Approaches to System Development

522

(11)

The Traditional Approach

522

(1)

Prototyping

523

(1)

End-User Development

523

(1)

Summary

524

(2)

Key Terms

526

(1)

Review Activities

527

(2)

Projects

529

(4)

Program Development and Programming Languages

533

(44)

Overview

534

(1)

The Program Development Life Cycle (PDLC)

534

(20)

Problem Analysis

535

(1)

Program Design

536

(10)

Program Coding

546

(4)

Program Debugging and Testing

550

(3)

Program Maintenance

553

(1)

Tools for Facilitating Program Development

554

(2)

Application Generators

554

(1)

Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)

555

(1)

Software-Asset Management Tools

555

(1)

Rapid-Application Development (RAD)

555

(1)

Programming Languages

556

(21)

What Is a Programming Language?

556

(1)

Categories of Programming Languages

556

(3)

Popular Programming Languages

559

(9)

Summary

568

(2)

Key Terms

570

(1)

Review Activities

571

(2)

Projects

573

(4)

Databases and Databases Management Systems

577

(38)

Overview

578

(1)

What Is a Database?

578

(4)

Relational Databases: A Simple Example

579

(1)

Individuals Involved with a Database Management System

580

(1)

The Evolution of Databases

581

(1)

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Database Approach

581

(1)

Data Concepts and Characteristics

582

(9)

Data Hierarchy

584

(1)

Entity Relationships

584

(1)

Data Definition

584

(2)

The Data Dictionary

586

(1)

Data Integrity and Security

587

(1)

Data Organization

588

(3)

Database Classifications

591

(2)

Single-User vs. Multiuser Systems

591

(1)

Client-Server Systems

591

(1)

N-Tier Database Systems

591

(1)

Centralized vs. Distributed Database Systems

592

(1)

In-Memory Databases

592

(1)

Database Models

593

(8)

The Hierarchical and Network Database Models

593

(1)

The Relational Database Model

593

(5)

The Object-Oriented Database Model

598

(3)

Multidimensional Databases

601

(1)

Databases and the Web

601

(14)

Examples of Web Databases in Use

601

(3)

How Web Databases Work

604

(2)

Summary

606

(2)

Key Terms

608

(1)

Review Activities

609

(2)

Projects

611

(4)

MODULE Computers and Society

615

Computer Security and Privacy

617

(46)

Overview

618

(1)

Computer Crime and Other Security Concerns

618

(9)

Hardware Theft, Damage, and System Failure

619

(1)

Unauthorized Access, Unauthorized Use, and Computer Sabotage

620

(1)

Online Theft, Fraud, and Other Dot Cons

620

(4)

Software Piracy and Digital Counterfeiting

624

(1)

Personal Safety Issues

625

(2)

Security Safeguards

627

(11)

Secure Hardware and Prepare for Disasters

627

(2)

Secure Facilities, Transmissions, and Transactions

629

(5)

Protect Against Security Breaches, Online Theft, Fraud, and Other Dot Cons

634

(2)

Protect Against Software Piracy and Digital Counterfeiting

636

(1)

Use Personal Safety Precautions

637

(1)

Privacy Concerns

638

(8)

Web Browsing and E-Mail Privacy

638

(1)

Databases and Electronic Profiling

638

(2)

Spam and Other Marketing Activities

640

(2)

Electronic Surveillance and Monitoring

642

(4)

Privacy Safeguards

646

(5)

Protect Web Browsing and E-Mail Privacy

646

(1)

Protect Personal Information

647

(3)

Protect Workplace Privacy

650

(1)

Security and Privacy Legislation

651

(12)

Summary

654

(2)

Key Terms

656

(1)

Review Activities

657

(2)

Projects

659

(4)

Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment

663

Overview

664

(1)

Intellectual Property Rights

664

(4)

Copyrights

664

(1)

Trademarks

665

(2)

Patents

667

(1)

Ethics

668

(10)

Ethical Use of Copyrighted Material

669

(2)

Ethical Use of Resources and Information

671

(2)

Computer Hoaxes and Digital Manipulation

673

(2)

Ethical Business Practices and Decision Making

675

(3)

Computers and Health

678

(8)

Physical Health

678

(4)

Emotional Health

682

(4)

Access to Technology

686

(5)

The Digital Divide

686

(2)

Assistive Technology

688

(3)

Environmental Concerns

691

(4)

Green Computing

691

(1)

Recycling and Disposal of Computing Equipment

692

(3)

Related Legislation

695

Summary

696

(2)

Key Terms

698

(1)

Review Activities

699

(2)

Projects

701

2005 Update

Introduction

(1)

Introduction to the World of Computers

(2)

Using Your PC, Windows, and the Web

(2)

Module Hardware

The System Unit: Processing and Memory

(2)

Storage

(2)

Input and Output

(2)

Module Software

Systems Software: Operating Systems and Utilities

(2)

Application Software

(2)

Module Networks and the Internet

Computer Networks

(2)

The Internet and World Wide Web

(2)

Module Internet Applications

Multimedia and the Web

(2)

E-Commerce

(2)

Module Systems

Information Systems and System Development

(2)

Program Development and Programming Languages

(2)

Databases and Database Management Systems

(2)

Module Computers and Society

Computer Security and Privacy

(2)

Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment

References and Resources Guide

(1)

Computer History Timeline

(5)

A Look at Numbering Systems

(4)

The Decimal and Binary Numbering System

(1)

The Hexadecimal Numbering System

(1)

Converting Between Numbering Systems

(1)

Computer Arithmetic

(1)

Using a Scientific Calculator

(1)

Coding Charts

(2)

ASCII and EBCDIC

(1)

Unicode

(1)

CPU Characteristics

(1)

Guide to Buying a PC

(5)

Analyzing Needs

(1)

Listing Alternatives

(2)

System Troubleshooting and Upgrading

(2)

Web Guide

(4)

Web Searching Tips: A Closer Look at Google

(2)

Google Search Options

(1)

Google Advanced Search

(1)

Other Google Tools

(1)

Answers to Self-Quiz

Credits

(1)

Glossary/Index

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

9780619267667

0619267666

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

9780619267667

0619267666

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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