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School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

by: Gorton, Richard A.; Alston, Judy A.; Snowden, Petra E.

School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

by: Gorton, Richard A.; Alston, Judy A.; Snowden, Petra E.

ISBN 13:
9780073010304
ISBN 10:
0073010308
Edition: 7th
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 05/09/2006
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Europe
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Summary

This text helps prospective and experienced principals, administrators, and supervisors increase their knowledge and skills through concepts, case-studies, and simulations. Part I presents important theoretical concepts and research findings that, adequately understood and appropriately applied, can improve educators' problem-solving and leadership effectiveness. Part II consists of over 65 reality-based case studies, "In-Basket Exercises," simulations, and role-plays to illustrate problems and issues. The case studies, simulations, and exercises stimulate class discussion and reflection on key issues facing today's school administrator and offer guidelines for thoughtful problem-solving and resolution.

Preface

xii

Meet the Authors

PART ONE Major Concepts in Administration and the Social Sciences

(206)

Introduction

(1)

ISLLC Standards

(1)

Leadership

(21)

Definitions and Need for Leadership

(3)

Individuals Can Lead; Groups Can Lead

(1)

Empowerment

(1)

Administrators, Managers, and Leaders

(1)

Why Leadership Has Become So Important

(1)

Window on Diversity: Leadership

(1)

Seminal Studies in Leadership and Types of Leadership

(3)

Trait Studies

(1)

Behavior Studies

(3)

Situational Leadership and Contingency Models

(2)

Path-Goal Theory

(1)

Today's Effective Leaders

(2)

Transformational Leadership

(1)

Group Leadership

(4)

The Group Dynamics Approach

(1)

Recognizing Possible Group Problems

(1)

Group Members Must Feel Valued

(1)

Group Members Must Share Goals

(1)

Group Members Must Have a Spirit of Cooperation and Teamwork

(1)

The Need for Mutual Trust

(1)

Effects of Group Size

(1)

Importance of Both Common and Diverse Backgrounds and Interests

(1)

Leadership in Group Meetings

(1)

A Final Note

(1)

Notes

(4)

Decision Making

(36)

The Nature of Decision Making

(3)

Rational Model

(1)

Shared Decision Making

(1)

Strategic Decision Making

(1)

Window on Diversity: Decision Making

(4)

Differentiated or Situational Decision Making

(1)

Contributions of Decision-Making Theories

(1)

The Process of Decision Making: Important Concepts and Steps

(7)

Site-Based Management

(1)

The Importance of Understanding Decision Making as a Process

(1)

Defining the Situation

(1)

Identifying the Alternatives

(1)

Assessing the Alternatives

(2)

Selecting a Desirable Alternative

(1)

Implementing the Decision

(2)

Constraints and Values

(11)

Situational Constraints

(1)

Personal Variables

(1)

Involving Others

(1)

Variables Influencing Extent of Involvement

(1)

Involvement Considerations

(1)

Involvement Prerequisites

(1)

Levels of Involvement

(3)

Types of Involvement

(2)

Prerequisites for Success

(1)

Assessing Decision-Making Effectiveness

(3)

A Final Note

(1)

Notes

(6)

Authority, Power, and Influence

(25)

What Legitimates Authority?

(1)

Two Competing Bases of Authority

(1)

Sources That Grant and Limit Authority

(2)

Factors to Consider in Exercising Authority

(4)

Negative Reactions

(1)

Responding to Negative Reactions to Authority

(1)

Diagnosing the Problem through Discussion

(1)

Examining How Authority Was Exercised

(1)

Dealing with Insubordination

(1)

Gaining Compliance from Resisters

(1)

Guidelines for Exercising Authority Successfully

(1)

Administrative Power

(4)

Power-as-Securing Compliance versus Power as Empowerment

(1)

Types of Power

(3)

Power Sharing and Teacher Empowerment

(1)

Empowering Teachers

(1)

Window on Diversity: Authority, Power, and Influence

(3)

Types of Influence

(5)

Some Qualities of Effective Leadership

(1)

Influence, Power, and Authority Contrasted

(1)

Referent Influence

(1)

Reward Influence

(2)

Expertise as a Basis of Influence

(1)

A Final Note

(1)

Notes

(5)

Communication

(27)

Communication: The Administrator's Multiple Roles

(1)

Sending, Receiving, Monitoring, and Seeking

(1)

The Administrator as a Communicator

(6)

The Purpose of the Message

(1)

Intended Audience---and Why Some Messages Go Unheard

(3)

The Sender of the Message

(2)

Motivating through Effective Communication

(1)

Window on Diversity: Communication

(6)

The Content of the Message

(2)

Communication Channels

(3)

The Need for Feedback

(1)

Communicating with the Public

(1)

Public Speaking

100

(1)

The Administrator as a Recipient of Communication

100

(3)

Examining Messages

101

(1)

Listening Effectively

101

(2)

The Administrator as a Monitor of Communication

103

(3)

Setting a Positive Tone

103

(1)

Communication Networks Outside the School

103

(1)

School Secretaries as Communicators

104

(1)

Department Chairs and Unit Leaders as Communicators

105

(1)

Community Leaders as Communicators

105

(1)

The Administrator as a Seeker of Communication

106

(1)

Encouraging Communication at Every Level

107

(1)

Expanding Information Sources

107

(1)

Sharing Experiences and Networking

108

(1)

Notes

108

(5)

Conflict Management

113

(36)

Role Concepts

114

(1)

Role Expectations of Individuals and Groups

115

(3)

Direction

116

(1)

Clarity

116

(1)

Intensity

117

(1)

The Nature of Role Conflict

118

(1)

Intra-Role Conflict

118

(1)

Extra-Role Conflict

118

(1)

Window on Diversity: Conflict Management

119

(6)

Other Types of Role Conflicts

125

(1)

Consequences of Role Conflict

125

(1)

Prevention of Role Conflict

126

(1)

Clearly Stated Job Descriptions

126

(1)

Careful Personnel Selection and Guidance

126

(1)

Personality, Leadership Style, and Equity Issues

127

(1)

Four Sources of Social Conflict in Schools

127

(1)

Conflict Initiation

128

(1)

An Approach to Conflict Resolution

129

(1)

Other Approaches to Conflict Management

130

(2)

Four Ways of Dealing with Conflict

130

(1)

Power Struggle Bargaining

131

(1)

Conflict Avoidance Methods

132

(1)

Problem-Solving Approach

132

(6)

Early Identification

133

(1)

Diagnosis and the Importance of Trust

134

(1)

Fact Finding

135

(1)

Developing an Integrative Solution

136

(1)

Developing a Basis for Compromise

136

(1)

The Counterproposal

137

(1)

Arbitration

138

(1)

Evaluation of Conflict Management Efforts

138

(1)

Further Observations on Conflict Resolution

139

(1)

When Conflict Turns Violent

140

(4)

Zero Tolerance

140

(1)

Other Strategies for Preventing School Violence

141

(1)

Resources to Help in Violence Prevention

142

(2)

Notes

144

(5)

Organizational Culture

149

(24)

Major Elements of Organizational Culture

150

(3)

Values and Ideals

151

(1)

Norms

151

(1)

Expectations

151

(1)

Sanctions

151

(1)

Communication through Symbolism

152

(1)

Symbolic Activity through Behavioral Example

152

(1)

Cultural Elements of an Effective School

153

(3)

A Positive Organizational Culture

153

(1)

Emphasis on Academic Effort and Achievement

153

(1)

Belief That All Students Can Achieve

154

(1)

Ongoing Faculty Development and Innovation

154

(1)

A Safe and Orderly Learning Environment

155

(1)

How an Effective School Culture Benefits Students

155

(1)

The Administrator's Role in School Culture

156

(5)

Enhancing School Culture

157

(1)

Subcultures and Countercultures

157

(1)

Promoting Values, Respecting Diversity

157

(1)

Challenges in Shaping School Culture

158

(2)

Keeping the School's Mission in the Public Eye

160

(1)

Window on Diversity: Organizational Culture

161

(1)

Communication: A Tool for Shaping Culture

161

(1)

School Climate

162

(4)

Measuring School Climate

163

(2)

Why Climate Is Important

165

(1)

A Final Note

166

(1)

Notes

167

(6)

School Improvement

173

(34)

Premises Guiding the Change Rationale

174

(1)

Pressures for Change

174

(2)

National Reports

174

(1)

Change Decreed by States

175

(1)

Why Change Efforts Fail and What Can Be Done

175

(1)

Professional Development for Leadership

176

(2)

Preparing Teachers for School Improvement

176

(1)

Preparing Principals and Other Administrators for School Improvement

176

(1)

Federal and State Mandates Are Not Enough

177

(1)

Needed Leadership for Change

178

(2)

School Improvement Committees

178

(1)

Principals and Implementation of Innovation

179

(1)

The Process of Change

180

(6)

Initial Considerations

181

(2)

Important Reference Groups

183

(1)

Adoption of the Innovation

184

(2)

Resistance to Change

186

(3)

Two Kinds of Forces: Facilitating and Restraining

186

(1)

Factors behind Resistance

187

(2)

Facilitating the Introduction of Change

189

(3)

Reasons for Unsuccessful Innovations

190

(1)

More Reasons for Failure in Attempts at Innovation

190

(1)

What Administrators Can Learn from Failed Attempts at Change

191

(1)

Postimplementation Problems

192

(2)

Burnout

192

(1)

Negative Media Coverage

193

(1)

Funding Reduction or Loss of Other Resources

193

(1)

Coping with Problems

193

(1)

Window on Diversity: School Improvement

194

(1)

Formative and Summative Evaluation

194

(2)

Formative Evaluation

194

(1)

Summative Evaluation

195

(1)

Reform Movements

196

(4)

Coalition of Essential Schools

196

(1)

School-to-Career Movement

197

(1)

Site-Based Management

197

(1)

Best Practice Project

198

(1)

The Charter School Movement

198

(1)

Comer School Development Program

198

(1)

Comprehensive School Reform

198

(1)

Other Reform Movements

199

(1)

A Cautionary Note

199

(1)

The ``Time Zones'' of Change

200

(1)

A Final Note

200

(1)

Notes

201

(6)

PART TWO Case Studies and Simulations

207

Introduction to Clinical Materials and Learning Experiences

208

(25)

The Nature of Case Studies

208

(1)

Sample Case Study: Who Decides the Nature of Instruction?

209

(7)

Suggested Learning Activities

211

(1)

Utilizing the Suggested Learning Activities

212

(4)

Anticipated Problems in Case Studies

216

(3)

The Nature of In-Basket Exercises and Priority Setting

219

(9)

How In-Basket Exercises Differ from Case Studies

219

(1)

Guidelines for Priority Setting

219

(4)

In-Basket Problem Solving

223

(2)

Step One: Problem Definition

225

(1)

Step Two: Identification of Alternatives

225

(1)

Step Three: Evaluating Each Alternative before Selecting the Most Desirable One

226

(1)

Step Four: Setting Objectives for the Course of Action Selected

226

(1)

Step Five: Description of Proposed Implementation

226

(1)

Step Six: Identification of Follow-Up Steps

226

(2)

A Final Note

228

(4)

Notes

232

(1)

Beginning Challenges

233

(28)

Preparing for the Job Search

234

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

235

(1)

From Teacher to Administrator

236

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

236

(1)

The New Principal (In-Basket Activities)

237

(7)

Background

237

(1)

Instructions

238

(6)

The New Assistant Principal (In-Basket Activities)

244

(6)

Background

244

(1)

Instructions

244

(6)

Resentment Over Appointment

250

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

251

(1)

Why Does a Woman Need to Act Like a Man?

252

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

253

(1)

Gimme That Old-Time Discipline

254

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

256

(1)

Is Being Busy Necessarily Productive?

257

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

259

(2)

Student Problems

261

(27)

School Yard Dangers

262

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

263

(2)

The Underachiever

265

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

265

(1)

What Should Be the Role of the Student Newspaper?

266

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

268

(1)

A Complex Discipline Problem

269

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

270

(2)

The Dropout Problem (Simulation Exercise)

272

(1)

Background and Instructions

272

(1)

Student Can't Take Pressure Any Longer

272

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

274

(1)

An Issue of Morals and Priorities

275

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

276

(1)

``Zero Tolerance'' for Weapons in Schools

277

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

278

(1)

Student Drug Problem at Washington School

279

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

281

(2)

Do Extreme Times Call for Radical Action? (A Leaderless Group Activity)

283

(1)

Background

283

(1)

Instructions

283

(1)

A Different Kind of ``Drug'' Problem

284

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

285

(3)

Administrator-Staff Relationships

288

(31)

Teacher Selection

289

(2)

Background Information on Mr. Timm

289

(1)

Background Information on Ms. Goldstein

289

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

290

(1)

Problems of a Beginning Teacher

291

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

292

(1)

Faculty Teamwork

293

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

294

(1)

Who Needs Lesson Plans?

295

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

296

(1)

Conflict Over Teacher Citizenship Rights

297

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

299

(1)

Faculty Dissatisfaction and Low Morale

300

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

302

(1)

Teacher Files a Grievance

303

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

305

(1)

Teacher Reacts Negatively to Personnel Evaluation

306

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

308

(1)

Faculty Slowdown

309

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

311

(1)

Do Women Have Power?

312

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

313

(1)

Collaboration Woes

314

(5)

Suggested Learning Activities

316

(3)

School-Community Relations

319

(37)

Curriculum Unit Upsets Parents

320

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

322

(1)

Communication and Constructed Reality

323

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

324

(1)

Parental Apathy

324

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

325

(1)

Wanted: A Plan for Improving Parental and Community Involvement

326

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

328

(1)

The School-Community Web

329

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

330

(1)

Developing Student Talent

331

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

333

(1)

A New Role for the Parents' Organization

334

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

335

(1)

How Much Should Parents Be Told?

336

(5)

Suggested Learning Activities

339

(2)

Administrator-Press Relations

341

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

344

(1)

Public Relations: What's Really Important?

345

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

347

(1)

Censorship? or Parents' Rights?

347

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

350

(1)

Financial Crisis!

351

(5)

Suggested Learning Activities

353

(3)

Role and Organizational Problems

356

(28)

Principal's Midyear Problems and Priorities (In-Basket Activities)

356

(7)

Background

356

(1)

Instructions

357

(6)

Principal's End-of-the-Year Problems and Priorities (In-Basket Activities)

363

(6)

Background

363

(1)

Instructions

363

(6)

Principal's Dilemma

369

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

371

(1)

Principal's Personal Conduct Results in Possible Suspension

372

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

372

(1)

Intraorganizational Role Conflict

373

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

375

(1)

Supervisor-Principal Relationship

376

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

377

(1)

The Superintendent and the New School Board Members

378

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

379

(1)

Administrator Evaluation

380

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

381

(3)

Social Justice Issues

384

(27)

Can Total School Integration Be Achieved?

384

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

385

(1)

Minority Parents Are Dissatisfied with Integration

386

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

388

(1)

We Want Neighborhood Schools Too!

389

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

390

(1)

Metropolitan Integration

391

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

391

(1)

Parents Detect Racial Disparity

392

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

393

(1)

Teacher Difficulty in a Multicultural Climate

394

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

396

(1)

Matter of What?

397

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

398

(1)

Do (Should) We Treat Them All Alike?

399

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

400

(1)

Ideas on Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Idea)

401

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

403

(1)

Student-Formed Gay-Straight Alliance

404

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

406

(1)

Inclusion of Special Needs Students

407

(4)

Suggested Learning Activities

408

(3)

Problems of Change

411

Teacher Tries to Individualize Instruction

411

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

413

(1)

Effective Schools: How Do We Get There From Here? (A Group Activity)

414

(1)

Background

414

(1)

Instructions

414

(1)

Planning for Improvement

415

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

416

(1)

School-Based Management

417

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

418

(1)

Restructuring Staff Evaluation and Supervision

419

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

421

(1)

Changing the Role of the Building Principal

422

(3)

Suggested Learning Activities

424

(1)

In-Service or Disservice Education? Part I

425

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

425

(1)

In-Service or Disservice Education? Part II

426

(5)

Suggested Learning Activities

430

(1)

School Choice

431

(1)

Suggested Learning Activities

431

(1)

School District Chips Away at Computer Education Problems

432

(2)

Suggested Learning Activities

433

(1)

When NCLB Meets You at Your School Door

434

Suggested Learning Activities

436

Index

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

9780073010304

0073010308

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

9780073010304

0073010308

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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