Since the benchmark first edition of this volume, many more organizations have become familiar with and are using systematic improvement approaches such as Six Sigma, Lean, the Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI®), and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Thoroughly revised and updated to keep pace with new developments, this text explains how process maps (and the processes they depict) are often the foundation for all four of these approaches. The book compares and contrasts process maps with Value Stream Maps and provides guidelines as to when each may be appropriate. It also adds new chapters on process thinking, tools to make work visible, system maps, and SIPOC diagrams.