The fourth edition of this uniquely comprehensive two-volume anthology has been expanded to connect over a thousand important books, essays, and artistic works with events in American and European intellectual, cultural, and political history. After extensive consultation with instructors who assign these volumes to students, the editors have revised this edition to include more discussions of religion, psychology, social theory, gender, ethnicity, and the role of the United States in the world. This new edition makes readily available substantial selections from the writings of prominent thinkers, ranging chronologically from the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 to the present. Volume II now offers new selections from Frederick Jackson Turner, Woodrow Wilson, W. E. B. Du Bois, H. L. Mencken, Sidney Hook, David E. Lilienthal, Erik H. Erikson, Hannah Arendt, W. W. Rostow, C. Wright Mills, Noam Chomsky, Ralph Ellison, and Nancy J. Chodorow; and includes writings of Charles Peirce, William Dean Howells, William Graham Sumner, Lester Frank Ward, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Josiah Royce, William James, Henry Adams, George Santayana, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Thorstein Veblen, Jane Addams, John Dewey, Randolph Bourne, Margaret Mead, John Crowe Ransom, Gunnar Myrdal, Clement Greenberg, Reinhold Niebuhr, Lillian Smith, Whittaker Chambers, Daniel Bell, John Courtney Murray, Lionel Trilling, Martin Luther King, Jr., Betty Friedan, Thomas S. Kuhn, Susan Sontag, Malcolm X, Samuel Huntington, Richard Rorty, and Kwame Anthony Appiah.