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American Educational History : School, Society, and the Common Good

by: William H. Jeynes

American Educational History : School, Society, and the Common Good

by: William H. Jeynes

ISBN 13:
9781412914215
ISBN 10:
1412914213
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 01/18/2007
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Inc

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Summary

"This is an excellent text in the field of U.S. educational history. The author does a great job of linking past events to the current trends and debates in education. There is more than adequate documentation and arguments are logical and well presented. I am quite enthusiastic about this book. It is well-written, interesting, accessible, quite balanced in perspective, and comprehensive. It includes section, and details that I found fascinating- and I think students will too." -Gina Giuliano, University at Albany, SUNY American Educational History: School, Society, and the Common Good is an up-to-date, contemporary examination of historical trends that have helped shape schools and education in the United States. Author William H. Jeynes places a strong emphasis on recent history, most notably post-WWII issues such as the role of technology, the standards movement, affirmative action, bilingual education, undocumented immigrants, school choice, and much more!Key Features:Makes clear connections between major historical trends and the shaping of U.S. education: This book thoroughly examines the extent to which major historical trends shaped education and vice versa.Stimulates educational debate: Students are introduced to cutting-edge controversies in a way that allows them to consider a variety of viewpoints and develop their own thinking skills.Offers a contemporary focus: While a balanced examination is given of educational history beginning with the Colonial experience and through the present day, this book gives more attention to post-World War II events than do competing books.Examines the educational history of groups that increasingly have a greater impact on U.S. society: Generous coverage is given to African American, Native American and women's educational history, as well as that of Latinos and Asian Americans.Intended Audience:This core text is designed for undergraduate and graduate courses such as Foundations of Education; American Educational History; Introduction to Education; Philosophy of Education; Sociology of Education; Educational Policy; and Educational Reform in the departments of Education, History, and Sociology.

Foreword	p. xvii
Preface	p. xxi
Acknowledgments	p. xxv
The Colonial Experience, 1607-1776	p. 1
The Colonists at Jamestown	p. 2
The Spanish Colonists in Florida	p. 2
The Pilgrims and Puritans	p. 3
Puritan Educational Emphasis and Educational Philosophy	p. 4
The Home	p. 4
The Church	p. 5
The School	p. 6
Puritans' and Pilgrims' Relationships With Native Americans	p. 7
Education Contributions of Other Groups	p. 10
Dutch and Other Settlers in the Mid-Atlantic Colonies	p. 10
Settlers in Maryland and Other Areas in the South	p. 11
The Extent of the Puritan Contribution	p. 11
Growth of Higher Education Before the Revolutionary War	p. 16
Deterioration of Puritan and Native American Relations	p. 20
Conclusion	p. 25
The Effects of the Revolutionary War Era on American Education	p. 31
Distinguishing a Truly American System of Education	p. 31
The Curricular Level	p. 33
The Elementary/Secondary School Level	p. 36
The Rise of Charity Schools	p. 37
Unique Aspects of the Charity School	p. 40
Forming the Foundation of Future Education	p. 41
The Spread of the Massachusetts Charity School Model	p. 42
Supplements to Charity Schools	p. 43
Free Schools and African Americans	p. 44
Where African Americans Attended Charity Schools	p. 46
The Charity School Movement Nationwide	p. 47
Joseph Lancaster and the New Charity School Model	p. 47
The Place of Dewitt Clinton	p. 48
The Decline of the Charity School System	p. 53
The College Level	p. 54
Conclusion	p. 56
Early Political Debates and Their Effect on the American Education System	p. 61
Views of the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists	p. 61
Presidents and Educational Leaders	p. 63
How Victories by Democratic-Republicans Influenced American Education	p. 67
A Decentralized Education System	p. 67
Strong Private and State Systems of Higher Education	p. 72
A Likely Delay in Freeing the Slaves	p. 72
Conclusion	p. 78
Education, African Americans, and Slavery	p. 81
African American Education in the North	p. 81
The Puritans and the Quakers	p. 82
Other Efforts Dedicated to the Education of African Americans	p. 84
The Debate Over the Need for African American Education	p. 86
Acceleration of the Charity School Movement	p. 87
African American Leaders	p. 90
Education of African Americans in the South	p. 92
Alternative Means of Educating African Americans in the South	p. 92
Changing American Education Forever: Events Leading Up to the Election of Lincoln and Liberation for the Slaves	p. 96
Attitudes of Northerners Toward Slavery Before the Late 1850s	p. 97
Early Revivals Culminating in the Revival of 1857 to 1858	p. 98
The Revival's First Influence: On Educators	p. 98
The Revival's Second Influence: On Abolitionists	p. 100
The Revival's Third Influence: On Authors of Books Used in Schools	p. 102
Concluding Thoughts on the Revival	p. 102
American Northern Heroes	p. 103
Conclusion	p. 105
The Education of Women, Native Americans, Latinos, and Asian Americans	p. 111
Education of Women	p. 111
Influence of the Revolutionary War on Female Education	p. 112
Emergence of Women's Colleges	p. 113
Gender Imbalances of the Mid-1800s	p. 116
Economic Development Reduces Gender Gaps	p. 117
The Post-Civil War Surge	p. 118
Prominent Female Educators	p. 120
Post-World War II Advances	p. 121
African American Concerns About Women's Education Trends	p. 121
Concluding Thoughts on the Education of Women	p. 123
Education of Native Americans	p. 123
Henricho College	p. 124
Educating Native Americans in New England	p. 124
The Role of Thomas McKenney	p. 126
The Election of Andrew Jackson: An Unfortunate Turning Point	p. 127
Native American Boarding Schools and the Meriam Report	p. 128
Education of Asian Americans	p. 130
Education of Chinese and Chinese Americans	p. 131
Education of Japanese and Japanese Americans	p. 133
Education of Latinos	p. 134
Mexicans and Mexican Americans and Education	p. 134
Changes Over the Decades	p. 136
Puerto Ricans and Education	p. 138
Conclusion	p. 139
The Widespread Growth of the Common School and Higher Education	p. 145
Horace Mann and the Rise of the Common Schools	p. 145
Mann's Arguments That Common Schools Would Promote the Common Good	p. 146
Common Schools Would Level the Playing Field Between Rich and Poor Students	p. 147
Common Schools Would Promote Moral Education	p. 147
Common Schools Would Help Ensure Quality Teaching	p. 149
Common Schools Would Unite the Country by Teaching Common Values	p. 150
Resistance to Public Schools	p. 150
Political Opposition	p. 150
Parental Opposition	p. 152
Contemporaries of Horace Mann in the Common School Movement	p. 153
Henry Barnard	p. 153
James Carter	p. 155
Calvin Stowe	p. 155
Samuel Seelye	p. 156
Teacher Institutes and Normal Schools	p. 156
The Civil War and the Common School Movement	p. 158
Common Schools Become More Accepted	p. 158
Male Versus Female Teachers	p. 158
Johann Pestalozzi	p. 159
William McGuffey	p. 163
The Growth of Higher Education During the First Half of the 1800s	p. 163
Dartmouth College v. Woodward, U.S. Supreme Court Case	p. 163
Where State Universities Grew and Where They Did Not	p. 168
The Presence of Ivy League Colleges	p. 169
Population Factors	p. 170
Proximity of Quality Religious Colleges	p. 170
Interest in Founding a State University	p. 171
Resistance to Establishing a State College	p. 171
Politics	p. 172
The Growth of State Colleges in Other States	p. 172
Maryland	p. 172
Federal Support of Colleges in States Not Among the Original 13	p. 173
State Universities That Started as Religious Institutions	p. 174
Conclusion	p. 175
The Effects of the Events During and Between the Civil War and World War I	p. 181
Impact of the Civil War	p. 181
Impact of the Post-Civil War Period	p. 182
Urbanization	p. 182
Industrialization	p. 184
Debate Over African American Education	p. 185
Increased Immigration	p. 188
Advantages of Increased Immigration	p. 188
Strains of Increased Immigration	p. 190
Language Considerations	p. 190
Volume of Enrollment	p. 190
Adaptation Issues	p. 190
Social Role of the School	p. 192
Land Grant Colleges	p. 193
Black Colleges Benefit	p. 194
Major Events in the Post-Civil War Period	p. 195
Teacher Training Previous to This Period	p. 195
Growth of Teacher Training in the Post-Civil War Period	p. 196
Coursework at Normal Schools	p. 199
College and Universities Increasingly Found Teacher Education Departments	p. 200
Increased Standardization of Teacher Education	p. 200
Events Leading Up to and Including World War I	p. 200
Added Definition to America's Education System	p. 200
Other Impacts of World War I on the American Education System	p. 202
Intensification of the Americanization Program	p. 202
Curbs on Immigration	p. 203
Conclusion	p. 204
The Liberal Philosophy of Education as Distinguished From Conservatism	p. 211
Schools of Educational Philosophy	p. 211
History of the Philosophy of Education	p. 211
Four Primary Schools of Educational Thought	p. 214
Additional Educational Approaches	p. 215
Complexity of the Philosophy of Education	p. 215
Educational Philosophy of John Dewey	p. 217
What Dewey Believed	p. 219
Other Liberal Reformers	p. 224
Herbert Spencer	p. 224
Joseph Lee and Henry Curtis	p. 227
William Kilpatrick	p. 228
Ella Flagg Young	p. 229
Moderate Liberals	p. 229
Colin Scott	p. 229
Johann Herbart	p. 229
Moderates	p. 230
Friedrich Froebel	p. 230
Maria Montessori	p. 231
Neoconservatives	p. 234
H. H. Horne	p. 234
William James	p. 236
Edward Thorndike	p. 237
Conclusion	p. 238
The Great Depression and the Long-Term Effects of World War II and the Cold War on American Education	p. 243
Educational Challenges of the Great Depression (1929-1941)	p. 243
Cutbacks	p. 243
How Students Increased Achievement During the Great Depression	p. 244
General Conditions in Education During the Great Depression	p. 247
Tensions Between Practical Parents and Idealistic Academics	p. 249
Final Thoughts on the Great Depression and Education	p. 249
The Impact of World War II on Education	p. 249
Foundation Stone for the Civil Rights Movement	p. 249
The Rise of Community Colleges	p. 258
The Cold War	p. 259
Sputnik Shock	p. 260
Lessons From Sputnik Shock	p. 265
Impact of the Cold War on Physical Education Opportunities for Women	p. 266
Conclusion	p. 270
The Civil Rights Movement and Federal Involvement in Educational Policy	p. 277
Truman's Contribution	p. 277
Pursuit of Civil Rights Legislation in the Courts	p. 284
Brown V. Board of Education	p. 285
Brown v. Board of Education Helps Build Momentum for the Civil Rights Movement	p. 288
Expanding the Reach of the Civil Rights Movement: Affirmative Action	p. 289
A Heated Debate Arises	p. 291
The Allan Bakke Case	p. 292
Affirmative Action as an Ideal and in the Actual World	p. 294
The University of Michigan Case	p. 294
The Future of Affirmative Action	p. 295
Expanding the Reach of the Civil Rights Movement: Bilingual Education	p. 296
The Roots of Widespread Bilingual Education	p. 296
Different Types of Bilingual Education Programs	p. 297
Different Types of English Immersion Programs	p. 297
Controversies Connected With Bilingual Education	p. 298
Pros and Cons of Bilingual Education	p. 298
The Pro-Bilingual Instruction Perspective	p. 299
The Pro-English Immersion Instruction Perspective	p. 300
Assessing the Arguments of the Pro-Bilingual and Pro-Immersion Instructional Orientation: Can a Compromise Be Reached?	p. 301
The Upcoming Decision	p. 302
Conclusion	p. 303
The Turbulence of the 1960s	p. 309
The Vietnam War and Student Activism	p. 309
Some Context Regarding Student Demonstrations	p. 309
The Rise of Student Demonstrations	p. 311
Student Demonstrations Intensify	p. 313
Long-Term Effects of Student Demonstrations	p. 314
Questioning Authority	p. 314
Historical Revisionism	p. 315
Changes in Students Over Time	p. 316
Civil Rights and Education	p. 317
The New York City Teachers' Strike	p. 322
The Tumultuous National Background	p. 322
Perspectives of African American and Other Minority Parents	p. 323
United Federation of Teachers' Perspective	p. 326
Laudable Goals But Misguided Strategy	p. 326
First, a Localized Teachers' Strike	p. 328
The Citywide Teachers' Strike of 1968	p. 328
The Primacy of New Educational Thought	p. 331
Rethinking Educational Philosophy	p. 332
A. S. Neill	p. 332
John Goodlad	p. 332
Jerome Bruner	p. 333
Jean Piaget	p. 333
Lawrence Kohlberg	p. 334
Ivan Illich	p. 334
Rethinking Research and Pedagogy	p. 335
Lee Cronbach and David Campbell	p. 336
Benjamin Bloom	p. 336
The Removal of Prayer From Schools	p. 337
Arguments in Favor of the Supreme Court Decision	p. 339
Misapplication of the Supreme Court Decisions	p. 339
Possible Price of Taking Prayer and Moral Education out of Schools	p. 340
Sex Education	p. 342
Conclusion	p. 343
The Rise of Public Criticism of Education	p. 349
Basic Arguments	p. 350
Educators in the Excellence Movement	p. 350
Educators Who Disagree With the Excellence Movement	p. 354
The Revisionist View of Achievement During the 1960s and 1970s	p. 355
Those Who Question the Utility of Standardized Tests	p. 356
Addressing the Data	p. 357
The Trends in Achievement Test Scores	p. 357
Attempting to Explain the Academic Decline	p. 358
The Case for Compositional Change	p. 358
Increased Percentage of Students Taking the SAT	p. 358
The Case for Academic Decline	p. 361
Achievement Tests Administered From 1963 to 1970	p. 361
Achievement Tests Administered From 1970 to 1980	p. 364
International Comparison Tests	p. 365
Possible Explanations for the Real Academic Achievement Decline	p. 367
Decline of the Family	p. 368
Decline of the Work Ethic	p. 368
Changes in 1960s Culture	p. 369
What Does the College Board's Assessment Mean?	p. 371
Advances in Public Education From 1963 to 1980	p. 371
The Influence of Rising Criticism on Schools	p. 372
Conclusion	p. 373
The Rise of Multlculturalism and Other Issues	p. 377
The Rise of Multiculturalism	p. 378
What Made a Multicultural Orientation Possible?	p. 378
Multiculturalism Replaces Americanization	p. 379
The Success of Multicultural Curricula	p. 381
The Debate About Multiculturalism	p. 381
Those Who Favor the Present Implementation of Multiculturalism	p. 382
Reasons for a Multicultural Approach	p. 382
Those Who Support Many Manifestations of Multiculturalism but Are Concerned About the Kind of Multiculturalism That America Supports	p. 385
Integrationalists	p. 385
Those Concerned With National Unity	p. 387
Those Concerned With Absolute Values	p. 388
Those Who Oppose Multiculturalism	p. 389
The Future of Multiculturalism	p. 390
Going Beyond Multiculturalism	p. 391
Vocational Education	p. 392
Education for Children With Special Needs or Disabilities	p. 393
Conclusion	p. 398
Educational Reform Under Republicans and Democrats	p. 405
Reforms Under Republican Presidents Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush	p. 405
The Back to the Basics Movement	p. 405
School Choice	p. 409
Experimentation but Not Wide Implementation of School Choice	p. 410
Analyzing the Possible Effects of School Choice	p. 411
No Child Left Behind	p. 412
Criticisms of No Child Left Behind	p. 414
Reforms Under Democratic President Bill Clinton	p. 415
Preparing Students for the Technological World	p. 415
Public School Choice	p. 416
The Participation Rate issue	p. 417
Nationalized Standards	p. 418
The Political Atmosphere Today	p. 421
Conclusion	p. 422
Other Recent Educational Issues and Reforms	p. 427
Equalization of School Expenditures	p. 428
The Movement Toward Equalized Funding	p. 429
Should the United States Equalize Funding?	p. 430
School Shootings	p. 430
Reasons for the Shootings	p. 433
How Widespread Is Juvenile Violence and Crime?	p. 433
Possible Solutions to School Shootings	p. 434
School Uniforms	p. 435
Long Beach Claims Success	p. 436
School Uniform Programs Greatly Expand	p. 436
Do School Uniforms Really Help?	p. 436
The Influence of the Family	p. 437
Family Structure	p. 437
Parental Involvement	p. 439
Learning From Foreign Systems of Education	p. 440
To What Degree Are East Asian Schools Worthy of Emulation?	p. 440
To What Extent Can American Schools Learn From Other Systems of Education?	p. 441
Technology in the Schools	p. 443
Homeschooling	p. 444
Conclusion	p. 446
Index	p. 453
About the Author	p. 469
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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American Educational History : School, Society, and the Common Good

American Educational History : School, Society, and the Common Good

9781412914215

1412914213

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