Rent 9780534541446 | Young Children with Special Needs : An Introduction to Early Childhood Special Education

Summary Table of Contents

This book is dedicated to addressing the educational needs of young children with delays and disabilities, as well as those with anticipated learning difficulties. The authors take a practical approach to sharing a wealth of knowledge in this introduction to the educational policies, programs, practices, and services appropriate to infants, toddlers, and preschoolers who exhibit such characteristics. They employ educational vignettes, an Online Resource Web site with a host of supporting materials, photographs, tables and figures to make research-based theories and philosophical foundations take on practical meaning for the reader. New to this edition is an emphasis on instructional strategies and pedagogical recommendations necessary for creating inclusive learning environments, as well as suggestions for incorporating technology into the learning environment, especially adaptive/assistive technology.

Preface

Part I Perspectives, Policies, and Practices of Early Childhood Special Education

(84)

Foundations of Early Childhood Special Education

(23)

... MORE

The Origins of Early Childhood Special Education

(1)

The Development of Early Childhood Education

(10)

Early Contributors

(1)

Pioneers in Early Childhood Education

(2)

Leaders of the Twentieth Century

(7)

Historical Perspectives on Children with Disabilities

(5)

People and Ideas

(1)

The Establishment of Institutions

(1)

Special Education in Public Schools

(2)

Compensatory Education Programs

(7)

Representative Compensatory Programs

(1)

Research Activities

(2)

Summary

(1)

Test Your Understanding

(1)

References

(3)

The Context of Early Childhood Special Education

(35)

Definitions and Terminology

(4)

Exceptional Children

(1)

Disability and Handicap

(1)

Federal Definition of Disability

(1)

Developmental Delay and At-Risk

(3)

Early Intervention and Early Childhood Special Education

(1)

Litigation and Legislation Affecting Children with Special Needs

(14)

Key Judicial Decisions

(1)

Key Federal Legislation

(14)

Prevalence of Young Children with Special Needs

(2)

The Importance of Early Intervention

(14)

Representative Research Evidence on the Effectiveness of Intervention

(4)

An Ecological Perspective on Young Children with Special Needs and Their Families

(3)

Summary

(1)

Test Your Understanding

(1)

References

(5)

Family-Centered Early Childhood Services

(25)

Historical and Legal Perspectives

(3)

General Early Childhood Education Influences

(1)

Compensatory Education Influences

(1)

Early Childhood Special Education Influences

(1)

Influences from Professional Organizations

(1)

The Changing American Family

(1)

Family Reactions to a Child with a Disability

(2)

Family Systems Theory

(4)

Family Characteristics

(1)

Family Interactions

(1)

Family Functions

(1)

Family Life Cycle

(2)

How to Apply Family Systems Theory

(1)

A Family-Centered Philosophy

(3)

Parent-Professional Partnerships

(2)

The IEP and the IFSP

(3)

Parent-Professional Communication

(5)

Summary

(1)

Test Your Understanding

(1)

References

(3)

Part II Identifying and Assessing Young Children with Special Needs

(48)

Initial Assessment of Young Children with Known or Suspected Disabilities

(26)

Overview of Assessment Purposes, Procedures, and Types

(4)

Assessment Purposes

(1)

General Assessment Considerations

(2)

Types of Assessment in Early Childhood

(1)

Assessing Interrelated Developmental Domains

(4)

Cognitive Skills

(1)

Motor Skills

(1)

Communication and Language Skills

(1)

Social and Emotional Skills

(1)

Self-Care and Adaptive Skills

(1)

Problems Associated with the Assessment of Young Children

(3)

Over-Reliance on Intelligence Testing

(1)

Limited Number of Assessment Instruments Appropriate for Young Children

(1)

The Nature and Characteristics of Young Children

(1)

Culturally Biased Assessments

(1)

Early Labeling of Young Children

(1)

Appropriate Assessment Practices for Young Children

(4)

Assessment Guidelines for Professionals

(3)

Cultural Considerations

101

(1)

Screening Young Children

102

(3)

Screening Procedures and Instruments

102

(3)

Diagnosis of Young Children with Known or Suspected Disabilities

105

(1)

Determining Eligibility for Services

105

(7)

Eligibility Criteria

105

(1)

Eligibility Procedures and Instruments

106

(2)

Summary

108

(1)

Test Your Understanding

109

(1)

References

109

(3)

Assessment for Program Planning, Progress Monitoring, and Evaluation

112

(21)

Assessment of Program Planning

113

(11)

Family Involvement in the Assessment Process

114

(1)

Purpose of Assessment for Program Planning

114

(1)

Ecological Assessment

115

(3)

Methods and Procedures for Collecting Information

118

(6)

Progress Monitoring and Program Evaluation

124

(9)

Monitoring Child Progress and Outcomes

124

(3)

Family Input

127

(1)

Overall Program Effectiveness

128

(1)

Summary

129

(1)

Test Your Understanding

130

(1)

References

130

(3)

Part III Planning and Organizing Educational Programs

133

(140)

Delivering Services to Young Children with Special Needs

134

(50)

Service Delivery Models

135

(4)

Home-Based Programs

136

(1)

Center-Based Programs

137

(2)

Combination Programs

139

(1)

Inclusive Settings

139

(9)

Mainstreaming

141

(2)

Least Restrictive Environment

143

(1)

Regular Education Initiative

144

(1)

Full Inclusion

145

(3)

Transition

148

(6)

Child Involvement

150

(1)

Family Involvement

150

(2)

Professional Involvement

152

(1)

Steps for Planning Effective Transitions

152

(2)

Professional Teaming and Collaboration

154

(4)

Multidisciplinary

155

(1)

Interdisciplinary

156

(1)

Transdisciplinary

157

(1)

Delivering Individualized Services

158

(26)

Individualized Family Service Plan

158

(6)

Individualized Education Program

164

(15)

Summary

179

(1)

Test Your Understanding

180

(1)

References

180

(4)

Curriculum for Young Children with Special Needs

184

(25)

Definition of Curriculum

185

(1)

Theoretical Approaches to Curriculum Development

185

(3)

Developmental Curriculum Model

185

(1)

The Developmental-Cognitive Curriculum Model

186

(1)

Academic (or Preacademic) Skills Curriculum Model

187

(1)

Behavioral Curriculum Model

187

(1)

Functional Curriculum Model

187

(1)

Curriculum Development

188

(6)

Curriculum Content

188

(1)

Curriculum Packages

189

(3)

Curriculum Planning and Implementation

192

(1)

Curriculum Evaluation

193

(1)

Current Influences on Curriculum Development

194

(15)

Recommended Practices in General Early Childhood Education (ECE)

194

(2)

Recommended Practices in Early Childhood Special Education (ECSE)

196

(4)

The Utility of the DAP Guidelines for Children with Disabilities

200

(2)

Blending ECE and ECSE Recommended Practices

202

(4)

Summary

206

(1)

Test Your Understanding

206

(1)

References

207

(2)

Designing Learning Environments for Young Children with Special Needs

209

(21)

Considerations in Designing the Learning Environment

210

(10)

Classroom Dimensions

210

(1)

Providing Spaces

211

(5)

Promoting Engagement

216

(1)

The Learning Environment and Stimulus-Control

216

(1)

The Learning Environment and Reinforcement

217

(1)

Responsivity

218

(2)

Methods Based Primarily on Environmental Arrangement

220

(1)

Selecting Materials

221

(1)

General Considerations

222

(1)

Instructional Considerations

222

(1)

The Nurturing Preschool

222

(4)

The Accessible Environment

222

(2)

The Safe Environment

224

(1)

A Healthy Environment

225

(1)

Evaluating Learning Environments

226

(4)

Summary

227

(1)

Test Your Understanding

227

(1)

References

228

(2)

Strategies for Teaching Young Children with Special Needs

230

(43)

Adapting the Home and School Setting, Materials, and Instruction

231

(19)

Young Children with Sensory Impairments: Vision

231

(4)

Young Children with Sensory Impairments: Hearing

235

(1)

Young Children with Delays in Motor Development and Health Impairments

236

(5)

Young Children with Delays in Cognitive Development

241

(3)

Young Children with Delays in Social and Emotional Development

244

(2)

Young Children with Delays in Communication and Language Development

246

(4)

Strategies for Creating Less Restrictive Environments

250

(23)

Teacher-Mediated Strategies

251

(7)

Peer-Mediated Strategies

258

(2)

Routine-Based Strategies

260

(4)

Specific Naturalistic (Milieu) Strategies

264

(3)

Summary

267

(1)

Test Your Understanding

267

(1)

References

268

(5)

Part IV A Look to the Future

273

(26)

Contemporary Issues and Challenges in Early Childhood Special Education

274

(25)

Celebrating Cultural Diversity

275

(5)

Culture

276

(1)

Early Childhood Special Education and Cultural Diversity

276

(4)

Emerging Populations of Young Children with Special Needs

280

(10)

Homelessness

281

(1)

Child Abuse and Neglect

282

(3)

Young Children with Special Health Needs

285

(5)

Preparation of Early Childhood Special Educators

290

(9)

Summary

293

(1)

Test Your Understanding

294

(1)

References

294

(5)

APPENDIXES

299

(32)

A Federal Definitions of Disabilities

300

(2)

B Chart of Typical Developmental Milestones

302

(10)

C Preschool Environmental Rating Scale

312

(15)

D Personnel Standards for Early Education and Early Intervention

327

(2)

E Resource Organizations for Young Children with Special Needs and Their Families

329

(2)

Glossary

331

(8)

Index

339

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Young Children with Special Needs : An Introduction to Early Childhood Special Education

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