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Wildlife Ecology and Management

ISBN: 9780138404222 | 0138404224
Edition: 5th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
Pub. Date: 1/1/2003

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SummaryTable of Contents
For sophomore/senior-level courses in Introduction to Wildlife Management found in Wildlife, Biology, or Zoology departments. This exceptionally comprehensive, single-source introduction to the art, science, theories, practices, and issues of wildlife management is ideal for students taking their first (or perhaps only) course in the subject. Bolen strikes a perfect balance of depth and accessibility providing a useful survey of the discipline.
This exceptionally comprehensive, single-source introduction to the art... MORE
FOREWORDXI(2)
PREFACEXIII
CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT?
1(6)
A Brief History
... MORE(2)
What Does a Wildlife Manager Do?
5(1)
Summary
6(1)
CHAPTER 2 NEGLECT AND EXPLOITATION
7(13)
In the Beginning
7(3)
Bison: A Story of Near Extinction
10(1)
The Passenger Pigeon: An American Tragedy
10(2)
Others, Too, Are Gone
12(2)
Wood Ducks, Wild Turkeys, and Other Near Extinctions
14(1)
Problems of Excess: Reindeer, Deer, and Blackbirds
15(2)
Predator Control: Bounties, Baits, and Blunders
17(1)
Exotic Wildlife
18(1)
Summary
18(2)
CHAPTER 3 SOME SUCCESSES IN MANAGING WILDLIFE
20(9)
Restoration of Bison
21(1)
Lead Poisoning: Almost Gone
22(2)
Return of Wood Ducks
24(1)
Wild Turkeys: Turning Failure into Success
24(1)
Restoration of Mammals in North America
25(1)
Some Successes With Birds
26(1)
Elusive Measures of Successful Management
27(1)
Summary
28(1)
CHAPTER 4 ECOSYSTEMS AND NATURAL COMMUNITIES
29(16)
Matter and Energy
31(3)
Range of Tolerance
34(2)
Niche
36(2)
Natural Communities-Changes in Time and Space
38(3)
Succession and Wildlife Management
41(1)
Diversity and Stability
42(2)
Summary
44(1)
CHAPTER 5 POPULATION ECOLOGY
45(22)
Some Definitions,
46(1)
The Logistic Equation
46(3)
Field Studies
49(2)
Births and Deaths
51(4)
Sex Ratios and Mating Systems
51(2)
Age-Specific Birthrates
53(2)
Additive and Compensatory Mortality
55(1)
Life Tables and Survivorship Curves
56(2)
Sources of Population Data
58(3)
Organization of a Population-Management Problem
61(1)
Metapopulations
62(1)
Population Models
63(1)
The Human Population
64(2)
Summary
66(1)
CHAPTER 6 ANIMAL BEHAVIOR AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
67(20)
Habitat Selection
67(1)
Courtship Behavior
68(2)
Reproductive Physiology and Behavior
70(1)
Territorial Behavior
71(2)
Sexual Segregation
73(1)
Circadian Rhythms
73(1)
Dispersal
74(1)
Responses of Wildlife to Humans
74(2)
Imprinting and Parental Care
76(2)
Migration
78(6)
Birds
78(2)
Reptiles
80(1)
Mammals
81(3)
Managing Migratory Animals
84(1)
Too Many Geese
85(1)
Summary
86(1)
CHAPTER 7 FOOD AND COVER
87(26)
Food
87(4)
Digestive Systems of Birds and Mammals
87(3)
Energy
90(1)
Carbohydrates
90(1)
Fats
90(1)
Proteins
91(1)
Vitamins
91(1)
Macronutrients
91(1)
Micronutrients
91(1)
Ecology and Evolution of Feeding Behavior and Defense
91(7)
Quality of Food
93(3)
Quantity of Food
96(1)
Responses to Food Shortages
96(2)
Physical Condition and Nutrition
98(1)
Food Management
98(4)
Cover
102(7)
Cover As Shelter
103(2)
Cover As Concealment
105(4)
Edges and Edge Effect
109(3)
Summary
112(1)
CHAPTER 8 WILDLIFE DISEASES
113(29)
Why Study Wildlife Diseases?
113(5)
Perspectives
118(4)
Diseases and Habitat
122(5)
Diseases and Populations
127(6)
Diseases and Biological Controls
133(2)
Lyme Disease and Other "New" Diseases
135(2)
Wildlife Diseases and Humans
137(4)
Summary
141(1)
CHAPTER 9 PREDATORS AND PREDATION
142(28)
Predator Behavior and Prey Survival
143(1)
Predation in Natural Communities
144(16)
Theoretical Predator-Prey Systems
147(1)
Laboratory Studies of Predator-Prey Systems
148(1)
Field Observations of Predator-Prey Systems
149(6)
Field Experiments with Predator-Prey Systems
155(3)
Wolf Control in Alaska
158(2)
Predation on Domestic Animals
160(9)
Extent of the Problem
161(1)
Control Methods
162(2)
Effectiveness of Control Methods on Coyote Numbers
164(2)
Effects of Coyote Control on Other Animals
166(1)
Public Policy and Predator Control
166(3)
Summary
169(1)
CHAPTER 10 HUNTING AND TRAPPING
170(19)
To Hunt or Not to Hunt
170(4)
Women Hunters
174(1)
The Effects of Hunting on Populations of Animals
174(1)
Harvest and Hunting
175(8)
Mallard
178(2)
American Woodcock
180(1)
Wild Turkey
180(1)
Deer
181(2)
Managing for the Hunter
183(1)
Hunting by Native Peoples
183(1)
Trapping and Furbearers
184(4)
Trapping in Ontario
186(1)
Traps
187(1)
Trapping and Hunting Education
187(1)
Summary
188(1)
CHAPTER 11 WILDLIFE AND WATER
189(40)
Some Properties of Water
189(2)
Some Ecological Influences of Water
191(2)
1996 Experimental Flood in the Grand Canyon
193(1)
Water, Distribution, and Isolation
194(2)
Water and Wildlife Populations
196(3)
Physiological and Behavioral Responses
199(5)
Water, Disasters, and Hard Times
204(4)
Reservoir Effect and Management
208(2)
Beaver, Water, and Wildlife
210(2)
Alligators and Marsh Ecology
212(1)
Oil, Water, and Birds Don't Mix
213(3)
Water and Raw Sewage
216(2)
"Acid Rain:" A Changing Environment
218(5)
Water Developments and Wildlife
223(5)
Summary
228(1)
CHAPTER 12 WILDLIFE AND SOILS
229(24)
Some Features of Soil
229(5)
Some Influences of Soil on Wildlife
234(12)
A Tropical Paradox
240(5)
Desertification
245(1)
Some Influences of Wildlife on Soils
246(4)
Fertilization
250(2)
Summary
252(1)
CHAPTER 13 WILDLIFE AND FARMLANDS
253(34)
Agriculture: A Brief History
253(1)
What Has Happened to Farms and Farmland?
254(4)
Farm Crops as Wildlife Food
258(8)
Erosion, Sedimentation, and Wildlife
266(3)
Agricultural Chemicals and Wildlife
269(7)
some Kinds of Insecticides
271(4)
Herbicides
275(1)
Fertilizers
276(1)
Farming for Wildlife
276(9)
Shelterbelts
277(3)
Odd Areas and Roadsides
280(2)
Tillage
282(3)
"Wildlife Partners" Calendars
285(1)
Summary
285(2)
CHAPTER 14 WILDLIFE AND RANGELANDS
287(30)
Grasses
287(2)
The Animal Unit
289(1)
Management of Range Vegetation
289(8)
Mechanical Methods
292(2)
Herbicides
294(2)
Fire
296(1)
Grazing and Wildlife
297(8)
Overgrazing
300(2)
Grazing and Trout
302(2)
Grazing Systems
304(1)
Range Fires and Wildlife
305(3)
Fencing
308(2)
Burros and Rangelands
310(1)
Game Ranching
311(4)
An African Saga
314(1)
Summary
315(2)
CHAPTER 15 FOREST MANAGEMENT AND WILDLIFE
317(21)
Some Basics of Forest Management
319(2)
A System for Considering Needs of Forest Wildlife in Federal and State Forests
321(1)
Clear-cutting and Wildlife
321(3)
Snags
324(1)
Deadwood and Fuel
325(1)
Forest Fires and Wildlife
326(3)
Old-Growth Forests--A Special Case?
329(2)
Private Woodlands
331(1)
Forest Management for Ruffed Grouse--An Example of Featured-Species Management
331(6)
Summary
337(1)
CHAPTER 16 WILDLIFE IN PARKS AND REFUGES
338(20)
Enjoyment of Wildlife by Park Visitors
338(3)
Hunting in Parks
341(1)
National Parks
341(3)
Overpopulation of Animals in Parks
344(2)
Bears
346(2)
Preservation, Human Populations, and Park Development
348(3)
Refuges
351(6)
State Wildlife Refuges
353(1)
Management Overview
353(1)
Some Functions of Refuges
353(3)
1997 Organic Act
356(1)
Problems
356(1)
Summary
357(1)
CHAPTER 17 URBAN WILDLIFE
358(25)
Urban Wildlife Resources
360(5)
Urban Monoculture
365(1)
Urban Zones
366(1)
Multiple-Use Management in the City
367(3)
Aspects of Urban Management
370(6)
Urban Wildlife as Pests
376(6)
Summary
382(1)
CHAPTER 18 EXOTIC WILDLIFE
383(29)
The Case for Exotic Game
386(9)
A Pattern of Success?
388(1)
Reasons for Failure
389(1)
Some Concerns about Exotics
390(5)
North America's Outdoor Zoo
395(6)
Transplants Within North America
401(3)
Some North American Exports
404(3)
For Better or Worse?
407(2)
Guidelines and Policies
409(1)
Summary
410(2)
CHAPTER 19 NONGAME AND ENDANGERED WILDLIFE
412(25)
Definition
413(1)
Economic Values
413(2)
An Unfinished Agenda
415(1)
State Funding for Nongame Management
416(1)
Status and Concerns of Nongame Management
417(2)
Out of Africa: Vulture Restaurants
419(1)
Endangered Species
420(2)
A Brief History of Nongame and Endangered Species
422(5)
Endangered Species Legislation
423(4)
Triage: The Crush of Decision
427(1)
Management of Endangered Species
428(7)
Summary
435(2)
CHAPTER 20 ECONOMICS OF WILDLIFE
437(13)
Nonconsumptive Value of Wildlife
438(1)
Economics of Fisheries
439(1)
Farming wildlife
440(2)
Economics of Sport Hunting
442(4)
Economics of Mitigation
446(2)
Beyond Dollars and Cents
448(1)
Summary
449(1)
CHAPTER 21 CONSERVATION BIOLOGY AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
450(24)
"On the Ground" with Conservation Biology
452(1)
Levels of Conservation Biology
452(4)
Examples of Conservation Biology Interacting with Wildlife Management
456(4)
Population Genetics
456(1)
The Wolves of Isle Royale
457(1)
Northern Spotted Owl
457(3)
Conservation in Other Lands
460(1)
Island Biogeography
461(3)
Corridors
464(2)
Songbirds and Fragmented Forests
466(3)
Ecological Baselines
469(1)
Minimum Viable Populations
470(3)
Human Population
473(1)
Summary
473(1)
CHAPTER 22 WILDLIFE AS A PUBLIC TRUST
474(40)
Sources
475(1)
Agency Structure and Development
476(6)
National Biological Service
482(1)
New Training, New Profession
483(1)
Policy and Wildlife Law
484(5)
Biological Foundation
484(1)
Enforcement
485(4)
Policy: Social and Economic Factors
489(1)
Policy: Scientific and Technological Factors
490(1)
Legal Jurisdiction
491(1)
National Policies
492(6)
Lacey Act
492(1)
Restoration Act
493(1)
Land and Water Policies
494(2)
National Environmental Policy Act
496(2)
Policies of Sentiment
498(3)
Public Attitudes
501(3)
Who and What?
501(1)
Americans and Issues
502(1)
Public Awareness
503(1)
Canadian Wildlife Service
504(1)
Resource Management in Mexico: SEMARNAP
505(1)
A Contrast in Europe
506(6)
Summary
512(2)
CHAPTER 23 CONCLUSION
514(4)
GLOSSARY518(13)
LITERATURE CITED531(54)
INDEX585

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