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Western Civilization To 1500

ISBN: 9780534646059 | 0534646050
Edition: 6th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Pub. Date: 1/11/2005

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SummaryTable of Contents
Best-selling text, WESTERN CIVILIZATION has helped over one million students learn about the present by exploring the past. Jack Spielvogel's engaging, chronological narrative weaves the political, economic, social, religious, intellectual, cultural, and military aspects of history into a gripping story that is as memorable as it is instructive. Each chapter offers a substantial introduction and conclusion, providing students a context for these disparate themes. The clear narrative of a single gifted author makes it easy for students to follow... MORE
Documentsxi
Maps
xvii
Chronologiesxix
Photo Creditsxxi
Prefacexxiii
Introductio... MORExxix
The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations
1(30)
The First Humans
2(3)
The Hunter-Gatherers of the Old Stone Age
2(1)
The Neolithic Revolution (c. 10,000--4000 B.C.)
3(2)
The Emergence of Civilization
5(1)
Civilization in Mesopotamia
6(10)
The City-States of Ancient Mesopotamia
6(2)
Empires in Ancient Mesopotamia
8(1)
The Code of Hammurabi
9(2)
The Culture of Mesopotamia
11(5)
Egyptian Civilization: ``The Gift of the Nile''
16(11)
The Impact of Geography
16(1)
The Old and Middle Kingdoms
17(2)
Society and Economy in Ancient Egypt
19(1)
The Culture of Egypt
19(3)
Chaos and a New Order: The New Kingdom
22(1)
Daily Life in Ancient Egypt
23(4)
On the Fringes of Civilization
27(4)
The Impact of the Indo-Europeans
27(2)
Conclusion
29(1)
Notes
29(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
29(2)
The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires
31(20)
The Hebrews: ``The Children of Israel''
32(6)
The United Kingdom
32(1)
The Divided Kingdom
32(2)
The Spiritual Dimensions of Israel
34(2)
The Social Structure of the Hebrews
36(2)
The Neighbors of the Israelites
38(1)
The Assyrian Empire
38(4)
Organization of the Empire
40(1)
The Assyrian Military Machine
40(1)
Assyrian Society and Culture
41(1)
The Neo-Babylonian Empire
42(1)
The Persian Empire
43(8)
Cyrus the Great
43(1)
Expanding the Empire
44(1)
Governing the Empire
45(1)
The Great King
46(1)
Persian Religion
47(1)
Conclusion
48(2)
Notes
50(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
50(1)
The Civilization of the Greeks
51(33)
Early Greece
52(2)
Minoan Crete
52(2)
The First Greek State: Mycenae
54(1)
The Greeks in a Dark Age (c. 1100--c. 750 B.C.)
54(2)
Homer and Homeric Greece
55(1)
Homer's Enduring Importance
55(1)
The World of the Greek City-States (c. 750--c. 500 B.C.)
56(8)
The Polis
56(2)
Colonization and the Growth of Trade
58(1)
Tyranny in the Greek Polis
59(1)
Sparta
59(2)
Athens
61(1)
Greek Culture in the Archaic Age
62(2)
The High Point of Greek Civilization: Classical Greece
64(7)
The Challenge of Persia
64(3)
The Growth of an Athenian Empire
67(2)
The Great Peloponnesian War (431--404 B.C.)
69(1)
The Decline of the Greek States (404--338 B.C.)
70(1)
Culture and Society of Classical Greece
71(13)
The Writing of History
71(1)
Greek Drama
72(1)
The Arts: The Classical Ideal
73(2)
The Greek Love of Wisdom
75(2)
Greek Religion
77(1)
Daily Life in Classical Athens
78(3)
Conclusion
81(1)
Notes
81(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
82(2)
The Hellenistic World
84(22)
Macedonia and the Conquests of Alexander
85(4)
Philip and the Conquest of Greece
85(1)
Alexander the Great
85(4)
The World of the Hellenistic Kingdoms
89(4)
Hellenistic Monarchies
89(2)
The Threats from the Celts
91(1)
Political and Military Institutions
91(1)
Hellenistic Cities
92(1)
Economic Trends
93(1)
Hellenistic Society
93(3)
New Opportunities for Upper-Class Women
93(1)
The Role of Slavery
94(1)
The Transformation of Education
95(1)
Culture in the Hellenistic World
96(5)
New Directions in Literature
96(1)
Hellenistic Art
97(1)
A Golden Age of Science and Medicine
98(1)
Philosophy: New Schools of Thought
99(2)
Religion in the Hellenistic World
101(5)
Mystery Religions
101(1)
The Jews in the Hellenistic World
102(2)
Conclusion
104(1)
Notes
104(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
104(2)
The Roman Republic
106(31)
The Emergence of Rome
107(3)
Geography of the Italian Peninsula
107(1)
The Greeks
107(1)
The Etruscans
107(1)
Early Rome
108(2)
The Roman Republic (c. 509--264 B.C.)
110(5)
The Roman State
110(2)
The Roman Conquest of Italy
112(3)
The Roman Conquest of the Mediterranean (264--133 B.C.)
115(3)
The Struggle with Carthage
115(3)
The Eastern Mediterranean
118(1)
The Nature of Roman Imperialism
118(1)
Society and Culture in the Roman Republic
118(7)
Roman Religion
118(2)
Education: The Importance of Rhetoric
120(1)
The Growth of Slavery
121(1)
The Roman Family
122(1)
The Evolution of Roman Law
123(1)
The Development of Literature and Art
123(2)
Values and Attitudes
125(1)
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Republic (133--31 B.C.)
125(12)
Background: Social, Economic, and Political Problems
125(2)
The Reforms of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
127(1)
Marius and the New Roman Army
127(1)
The Role of Sulla
128(1)
The Death of the Republic
128(4)
Literature in the Late Republic
132(2)
Conclusion
134(1)
Notes
134(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
134(3)
The Roman Empire
137(28)
The Age of Augustus (31 B.C.--A.D. 14)
138(5)
The New Order
138(1)
The Army
139(1)
Roman Provinces and Frontiers
140(1)
Augustan Society
141(1)
A Golden Age of Latin Literature
141(2)
The Early Empire (14--180)
143(6)
The Julio-Claudians (14--68)
143(1)
The Flavians (69--96)
144(1)
The Five ``Good Emperors'' (96-180)
144(1)
The Roman Empire at Its Height: Frontiers and Provinces
145(2)
Prosperity in the Early Empire
147(2)
Roman Culture and Society in the Early Empire
149(8)
The Silver Age of Latin Literature
150(1)
Art in the Early Empire
150(1)
Imperial Rome
150(2)
The Gladiatorial Shows
152(2)
Disaster in Southern Italy
154(1)
The Art of Medicine
154(1)
Roman Law in the Early Empire
155(1)
Slaves and Their Masters
156(1)
The Upper-Class Roman Family
157(1)
The Transformation of the Roman World: Crises in the Third Century
157(1)
Political and Military Woes
157(1)
Economic and Social Crises
158(1)
The Transformation of the Roman World: The Rise of Christianity
158(7)
The Religious World of the Roman Empire
159(1)
The Jewish Background
159(1)
The Origins of Christianity
159(3)
The Growth of Christianity
162(1)
Conclusion
163(1)
Notes
163(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
164(1)
Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World
165(33)
The Late Roman Empire
166(6)
The Reforms of Diocletian and Constantine
166(2)
The Empire's New Religion
168(1)
The End of the Western Empire
169(3)
The Germanic Kingdoms
172(5)
The Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy
172(1)
The Visigothic Kingdom of Spain
173(1)
The Frankish Kingdom
174(1)
Anglo-Saxon England
175(1)
The Society of the Germanic Kingdoms
176(1)
Development of the Christian Church
177(9)
The Church Fathers
177(2)
The Power of the Pope
179(1)
Church and State
179(1)
Pope Gregory the Great
180(1)
The Monks and Their Missions
180(5)
Christian Intellectual Life in the Germanic Kingdoms
185(1)
The Byzantine Empire
186(6)
The Reign of Justinian (527--565)
187(4)
From Eastern Roman to Byzantine Empire
191(1)
The Rise of Islam
192(6)
Muhammed
192(1)
The Teachings of Islam
193(1)
The Spread of Islam
193(2)
Conclusion
195(1)
Notes
196(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
197(1)
European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750--1000
198(29)
Europeans and the Environment
199(1)
Farming
199(1)
The Climate
199(1)
The World of the Carolingians
199(9)
Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire (768--814)
199(4)
The Carolingian Intellectual Renewal
203(1)
Life in the Carolingian World
204(4)
Disintegration of the Carolingian Empire
208(3)
Invasions of the Ninth and Tenth Centuries
209(2)
The Emerging World of Lords and Vassals
211(7)
Vassalage
211(2)
Fief-Holding
213(1)
New Political Configurations in the Tenth Century
214(1)
The Manorial System
215(3)
The Zenith of Byzantine Civilization
218(1)
The Macedonian Dynasty
218(1)
The Slavic Peoples of Central and Eastern Europe
219(3)
Western Slavs
220(1)
Southern Slavs
221(1)
Eastern Slavs
221(1)
The Expansion of Islam
222(5)
The Abbasid Dynasty
222(1)
Islamic Civilization
223(2)
Conclusion
225(1)
Notes
225(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
225(2)
The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages
227(27)
Land and People in the High Middle Ages
228(7)
The New Agriculture
228(2)
The Life of the Peasantry
230(1)
The Aristocracy of the High Middle Ages
231(3)
Marriage Patterns of the Aristocracy
234(1)
The New World of Trade and Cities
235(7)
The Revival of Trade
235(2)
The Growth of Cities
237(4)
Industry in Medieval Cities
241(1)
The Intellectual and Artistic World of the High Middle Ages
242(12)
The Rise of Universities
242(2)
A Revival of Classical Antiquity
244(1)
The Development of Scholasticism
245(1)
The Revival of Roman Law
246(1)
Literature in the High Middle Ages
247(1)
Romanesque Architecture: ``A White Mantle of Churches''
248(1)
The Gothic Cathedral
249(2)
Conclusion
251(1)
Notes
251(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
252(2)
The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power
254(29)
The Emergence and Growth of European Kingdoms (1000-1300)
255(10)
England in the High Middle Ages
255(2)
The Growth of the French Kingdom
257(3)
Christian Reconquest: The Spanish Kingdoms
260(1)
The Lands of the Holy Roman Empire: Germany and Italy
261(2)
New Kingdoms in Northern and Eastern Europe
263(1)
The Mongol Empire
264(1)
The Development of Russia
264(1)
The Recovery and Reform of the Catholic Church
265(3)
The Problems of Decline
265(1)
The Cluniac Reform Movement
266(1)
Reform of the Papacy
266(2)
Christianity and Medieval Civilization
268(6)
Growth of the Papal Monarchy
268(1)
New Religious Orders and Spiritual Ideals
268(3)
Popular Religion in the High Middle Ages
271(1)
Voices of Protest and Intolerance
272(2)
The Crusades
274(9)
Background to the Crusades
274(2)
The Early Crusades
276(2)
The Crusades of the Thirteenth Century
278(1)
Effects of the Crusades
279(1)
Conclusion
280(2)
Notes
282(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
282(1)
The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century
283(30)
A Time of Troubles: Black Death and Social Crisis
284(7)
Famine and Population
284(1)
The Black Death
284(4)
Economic Dislocation and Social Upheaval
288(3)
War and Political Instability
291(9)
Causes of the Hundred Years'War
291(1)
Conduct and Course of the War
291(5)
Political Instability
296(1)
The Growth of England's Political Institutions
296(1)
The Problems of the French Kings
297(1)
The German Monarchy
297(1)
The States of Italy
298(2)
The Decline of the Church
300(4)
Boniface VIII and the Conflict with the State
300(1)
The Papacy at Avignon (1305--1377)
300(1)
The Great Schism
301(1)
New Thoughts on Church and State and the Rise of Conciliarism
302(1)
Popular Religion in an Age of Adversity
302(1)
Changes in Theology
303(1)
The Cultural World of the Fourteenth Century
304(3)
The Development of Vernacular Literature
304(2)
Art and the Black Death
306(1)
Society in an Age of Adversity
307(6)
Changes in Urban Life
307(1)
New Directions in Medicine
308(1)
Inventions and New Patterns
309(1)
Conclusion
310(1)
Notes
311(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
312(1)
Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the Renaissance
313(34)
Meaning and Characteristics of the Italian Renaissance
314(1)
The Making of Renaissance Society
314(6)
Economic Recovery
314(2)
Social Changes in the Renaissance
316(2)
The Family in Renaissance Italy
318(2)
The Italian States in the Renaissance
320(4)
The Five Major States
320(1)
Independent City-States
320(2)
Warfare in Italy
322(1)
The Birth of Modern Diplomacy
323(1)
Machiavelli and the New Statecraft
323(1)
The Intellectual Renaissance in Italy
324(6)
Italian Renaissance Humanism
324(3)
Education in the Renaissance
327(1)
Humanism and History
328(1)
The Impact of Printing
329(1)
The Artistic Renaissance
330(7)
Art in the Early Renaissance
330(2)
The Artistic High Renaissance
332(3)
The Artist and Social Status
335(1)
The Northern Artistic Renaissance
336(1)
Music in the Renaissance
336(1)
The European State in the Renaissance
337(5)
The Growth of the French Monarchy
337(1)
England: Civil War and a New Monarchy
338(1)
The Unification of Spain
339(1)
The Holy Roman Empire: The Success of the Habsburgs
339(1)
The Struggle for Strong Monarchy in Eastern Europe
340(1)
The Ottoman Turks and the End of the Byzantine Empire
341(1)
The Church in the Renaissance
342(5)
The Problems of Heresy and Reform
342(1)
The Renaissance Papacy
342(1)
Conclusion
343(1)
Notes
344(1)
Suggestions for Further Reading
345(2)
Glossary347(8)
Pronunciation Guide355(8)
Index363

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