9780130282200

A comprehensive introduction to web programming, requiring no prior programming experience, this book begins with HTML and moves to progressively more difficult programming languagesJavaScript, Perl, and Java. It emphasizes a hands-on approach, and contains clear instructions for carefully chosen visual examples from a wide variety of topics that will appeal to most individualsencouraging them to find ways to capture their interests in creative web pages.Chapter topics include fonts and colors; lists; tables; anchors and images; frames and image maps; cascading style sheets; arithmetic, selection, and iteration statements; functions and objects; arrays; forms and form elements; elementary data types; and graphics.For Web Masters, Web Page Developers, and Graphic Designer for Web pages.

Susan Anderson-Freed is a Professor of Computer Science at Illinois Wesleyan University. She has more than 20 years of teaching experience. She teaches both introductory and advanced courses on Web programming

Preface

xv

PART I HTML

1

(173)

Introduction to HTML

1

(20)

Getting Started

1

(1)

The Structure of an HTML Page

1

(2)

HTML Basics

3

(1)

The Weather Forecast Page

4

(1)

Heading Tags

5

(2)

Horizontal Rules

7

(12)

HTML Tags for Chapter 1

19

(1)

HTML Tips

20

(1)

Fonts, Colors, and Character Entities

21

(25)

Physical Style Tags

21

(1)

Logical Style Tags

22

(4)

The <Blockquote> Tag

26

(1)

The <Font> Tag

27

(4)

Combining the Font, Physical Style, and Logical Style Tags

31

(1)

The <Basefont> Tag

32

(1)

Character and Numeric Entities

32

(3)

A Note on Fractions

35

(1)

Exercises

35

(9)

HTML Tags (In Alphabetical Order)

44

(1)

HTML Tips

45

(1)

Lists

46

(22)

Unordered Lists

46

(1)

The Pickle Recipe Page

47

(1)

The Type Attribute for Unordered Lists

47

(2)

The Unordered Lists Types Page

49

(1)

Nested Unordered Lists

49

(2)

Ordered Lists

51

(1)

The Favorite Movies Page

51

(1)

The Type Attribute for Ordered Lists

52

(1)

The Start Attribute for Ordered Lists

52

(1)

The Value Attribute of the <LI> Tag

53

(1)

Nested Ordered Lists

54

(1)

Combining Ordered and Unordered Lists

54

(2)

Definition Lists

56

(1)

A nested Definition List

57

(2)

Exercises

59

(7)

HTML Tags

66

(1)

HTML Tips

67

(1)

Tables

68

(31)

Table Basics

68

(1)

The Color Table Page

68

(1)

The Literary Characters Page

69

(1)

Padding, Spacing, and Borders

70

(3)

A Miniature Buttons Page

73

(1)

The Muskrat Mounds Recycling Page

73

(1)

The Muskrat Mounds Recycling Page (Vertically Aligned Version)

74

(1)

Baseline Alignment

75

(2)

The Special Teams Page

77

(1)

The Football Numbers Page

78

(1)

The Cheese Head Survey Page

79

(1)

The Muskrat Mounds Hockey League Page

80

(2)

The Crossword Puzzle Page

82

(4)

Exercises

86

(10)

HTML Tags

96

(1)

HTML Tips

97

(2)

Links and Images

99

(21)

Protocols

99

(1)

Default Link Colors

100

(1)

Absolute Links

101

(1)

The Button Table Page

102

(2)

The Glossary Page

104

(2)

Images

106

(1)

JPEG Format

107

(1)

Obtaining Images

108

(1)

The Duck Carver's Page, Version 1

109

(1)

The IMG Tag

110

(2)

Tiles with Seams

112

(1)

The Web Exercises Page

113

(2)

The Duck Carver's Page (Final Version)

115

(2)

Exercises

117

(1)

HTML Tags

118

(1)

HTML Tips

119

(1)

Frames and Images

120

(30)

Frames

120

(2)

The Frameset for the Basic Frame Page

122

(22)

Exercises

144

(4)

HTML Tags

148

(1)

HTML Tips

149

(1)

Cascading Style Sheets

150

(24)

Embedded Style Sheet Basics

151

(1)

The First Style Page

151

(1)

The Poem Page (Version 1)

152

(1)

The <H1> Style

153

(1)

The Style for the <Pre> Tag

153

(1)

The Poem Page (Version 2)

154

(1)

The Class Attribute

155

(1)

The Font Class Page

155

(2)

Spanning Classes

157

(1)

Tag-Specific Identification Styles and Classes

158

(1)

The Fourth of July Page (Version 1)

159

(1)

The Fourth of July Page (Version 2)

160

(1)

The Fourth of July Page (Version 3)

161

(2)

The Term Paper Page

163

(1)

The Halloween Page

164

(2)

The Link Styles Page

166

(1)

The Holiday Colors Page

167

(2)

Exercises

169

(2)

Style Sheet Properties

171

(2)

HTML Tips

173

(1)

PART II JAVASCRIPT

174

(190)

Introduction to Javascript

174

(19)

JavaScript History

175

(1)

A First JavaScript Program

175

(4)

An Introduction to Objects

179

(3)

Three Little Boxes: The Alert, Confirm, and Prompt Windows

182

(5)

Event Handlers

187

(1)

A simple Mouse Handler Page

188

(2)

Exercises

190

(2)

Javascript Vocabulary

192

(1)

Arithmetic Statements

193

(16)

Mathematical Foundations

193

(4)

Parsing Numbers

197

(2)

The Number Object

199

(1)

The Let's Make Change Page

200

(3)

The Sales Tax Page

203

(1)

Practice Exercises

204

(4)

Javascript Vocabulary

208

(1)

Selection Statements

209

(22)

The if Statement

209

(2)

The Azalea Page: Version 1

211

(1)

Test Data for an if Statement

211

(1)

The Azalea Page: Version 2

212

(1)

The Azalea Page: Version 3

213

(1)

A Note on Lexicographic Order

214

(2)

Logical Operators

216

(1)

A ``Not'' Page

217

(1)

The Test Grade Page

218

(2)

The Primary Colors Page

220

(1)

The switch Statement

221

(3)

Practice Exercises

224

(4)

JavaScript Vocabulary

228

(1)

Traps and Pitfalls

228

(3)

Iteration Statements

231

(24)

The for Statement

231

(7)

Walk-Throughs

238

(1)

The Factorial Page

238

(2)

Nested for Loops

240

(203)

The while Statement

443

The do...while Statement

249

(1)

Looping Pitfalls

250

(1)

Practice Exercises

250

(4)

JavaScript Vocabulary

254

(1)

Functions and Objects

255

(18)

JavaScript Programmer-Defined Functions

256

(3)

Local Variables

259

(2)

Calling Functions Within a Function

261

(1)

Programmer-Defined Objects

262

(5)

A Note on Parameter Passing

267

(1)

Exercises

268

(4)

Javascript Vocabulary

272

(1)

Arrays

273

(22)

Array Concepts

273

(2)

Preloaded Arrays, Simple Methods, and a Prototype

275

(1)

Adding Array Methods

276

(1)

New JavaScript (1.2) Methods

277

(3)

Sorting Numeric Arrays

280

(1)

The Sequential Search

281

(3)

Sums and Averages

284

(1)

Finding the Arithmetic Mean

285

(3)

An array of Objects

288

(3)

Exercises

291

(1)

Statistical Exercises

292

(3)

Forms and Form Elements

295

(69)

Introduction

295

(1)

The Form Tag and Object

295

(3)

The First Form Page

298

(3)

A Numeric Text Field Form

301

(9)

HTML Button Types

310

(8)

Select Lists

318

(8)

The Muskrat Mounds Survey Page

326

(1)

Opening and Closing Windows

327

(5)

Exercises

332

(4)

JavaScript and HTML Vocabulary

336

(1)

The String, Regexp, and Date Objects

The String Object

337

(5)

Regular Expressions

342

(8)

The Date Object

350

(4)

Scrambled Words and a Shuffle Function

354

(7)

Exercises

361

(2)

JavaScript Vocabulary

363

(1)

PART III PERL

364

(129)

Introduction to Perl:Web Basics and Scalars

364

(17)

Introduction

364

(1)

Obtaining Perl

364

(1)

A Perl Web Page

365

(1)

Creating and Running a Perl Web Script

366

(1)

Handling Syntax Errors

367

(1)

Scalar Variables in Perl

368

(1)

Single Quotation Marks and the Print Statement

369

(1)

A Here Document

370

(1)

Quotations for Command Interpretation

370

(2)

Numbers in Perl

372

(2)

Perl Arithmetic Functions

374

(1)

Strings in Perl

375

(4)

Exercises

379

(1)

Perl Tips and Vocabulary

380

(1)

Arrays, References, Hashes, and Iteration

381

(27)

Introduction

381

(1)

One-Dimensional Arrays

381

(1)

Iteration Statements

382

(3)

Built-in Array Functions

385

(3)

References

388

(3)

Two-Dimensional Arrays in Perl

391

(3)

Hashes

394

(1)

Creating a Hash

394

(4)

Removing Key-Value Pairs

398

(3)

Arrays of Hashes

401

(5)

Exercises

406

(1)

Perl Vocabulary

407

(1)

Urlencoding, Patterns, Text Fields, and Selection Statements

408

(29)

Introduction

408

(1)

The HTML <form> Tag, Revisited

408

(1)

Urlencoding

409

(9)

Perl Selection Statements

418

(7)

Perl Patterns and Regular Expressions

425

(9)

Exercises

434

(1)

Practice Exercises for Regular Expressions

435

(1)

Perl Vocabulary

436

(1)

Subroutines, Text Areas, Radio Buttons, Checkboxes, and Select Lists

437

(22)

Subroutine Basics

437

(2)

Text Fields and Text Areas

439

(6)

Radio Buttons

445

(4)

Checkboxes

449

(3)

Multiple-Select Lists

452

(2)

Single-Select Lists

454

(3)

Summary of Form Elements

457

(1)

Exercises

457

(2)

Multiple-Field, Forms, Email, Files, and CGI.PM

459

(34)

Introduction

459

(1)

The Computer Survey Page---Introduction

459

(12)

The Suggestion Box Page

471

(4)

The CGI.pm Module

475

(8)

The Opinion Poll Page

483

(8)

Exercises

491

(2)

PART IV JAVA

493

Introduction to Java:Applets, Primitive Data Types, and Text Fields and Areas

493

Introduction to Java

493

The First Applet

494

Java Language Characteristics

496

The paint() Method

498

The First Name Page: Java Version

298

The Syntax of Java Methods: Unraveled

500

Primitive Data Types in Java

503

Arithmetic Operators

504

Character Conversions

507

Floating-Point Conversions

509

Boolean Conversions

512

The Textcomponent Class

514

Text Areas

516

The Math Class

519

Exercises

521

Selection and Iteration Statements, Buttons, and Arrays

523

Introduction

523

Selection Statements

523

Iteration Statements

530

Array Basics

538

Creating New Class Methods

543

Exercises

546

Layouts

547

Java's Layout Manager

547

The Flowlayout Manager

547

Using an Anonymous Layout Manager

548

Using a Named Layout Manager

549

The Flowlayout Class Methods

550

The Gridlayout Manager

550

The Borderlayout Manager

556

The Cardlayout Manager

557

Combining Layouts: The Hurricane Page

561

The Gridbag Layout Manager

566

Exercises

575

Colors and Fonts

577

Introduction

577

Color Basics

577

The HTML Colors Page

581

Java Fonts

583

Unicode Characteristics

590

Addendum

599

Exercises

600

Awt Form Elements

602

Introduction

602

Checkboxes

602

Choice and List Classes

609

Scroll Bars

621

Exercises

626

Mouse Events and Graphics

631

Introduction

631

Lines

631

Rectangles

632

Ovals

633

Arcs

634

Rounded Rectangles

635

Images

636

Polygons

637

Polylines

640

Mouse events

642

The Pie Chart Page

650

Exercises

658

Swing Basics

665

Introduction

665

Swing Characteristics

665

Dialog Boxes

667

Borders

670

Text Fields and Text Areas

679

Button and Label Icons

681

Exercises

685

Swing Form Elements

687

Introduction

687

Toggle Buttons

687

Checkboxes

690

Radio Buttons

693

Combo Boxes

701

Sliders

696

List

706

Exercises

712

Appendixes

A-1

Index

I-1

What is included with this book?

The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

Preface A decade ago, the World Wide Web was nonexistent. Today, it is a pervasive part of our everyday lives. Web sites exist for every imaginable topic. The best sites are well-designed, easy to use, interactive, and error free. Since these sites typically include JavaScript scripts, Java applets, or Perl scripts, creation of such sites requires programming. Programming is not an obscure art form accessible only to computer science majors or hackers; it is a craft that shares many similarities with other crafts, such as woodworking, quilting, or model building. Mastery of any craft requires plenty of practice, the right tools, and knowledge of the vocabulary associated with the craft. Practice is crucial because mastery of any craft depends upon experience. Throughout this book, readers are asked to think about the problem and a solution before they examine the code. Additionally, each chapter contains several practice exercises. A programmer's key tool is the programming language used. Just as apprentices use simpler tools and techniques than do experienced craftpersons, a newcomer to programming will experience less frustration working in a simpler language. The book begins with the simplest of the web languages, HTML. This is only a mark-up language; the beginner learns to create simple, but static pages. The introduction of frames and images to HTML in chapters 5 and 6 produces visually appealing pages. These images were created with PhotoShop (a commercial product available from Adobe Systems and not included with this text.) The book also covers three programming languages: JavaScript, Perl, and Java. Of the three programming languages discussed in this book, JavaScript is by far the easiest. The book also covers this language first, so that we can concentrate on learning programming fundamentals. Many of the concepts, vocabulary, and conventions that are introduced in the discussion of JavaScript apply to Perl and Java. Thus, learning the later languages will be easier. An experienced programmer always wields an arsenal of testing techniques to ensure that pages are error free. These techniques are stressed throughout the book. Most web programming books do not discuss these techniques. Either they don't care, or they assume that the reader's code will work correctly. As a teacher with more than twenty years experience, I know that programming can be a frustrating experience for beginners. It requires a level of accuracy and attention to detail that many of us initially lack. I believe in a progressive, hands-on approach. Any individual, if given clear instructions and visual examples, can learn to program. The examples chosen for the text cover a wide variety of topics. The book includes pages containing recipes, football terms, crossword puzzles, multilanguage dictionaries, suggestion boxes, opinion polls, Shakespearean quizzes, and bird identification pages. The examples are designed to rouse your interest and to encourage you to develop creative and imaginative web pages. I hope that you enjoy reading the book as much as I enjoyed writing it. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I would like to thank the many students who helped class-test this book. Students in theIntroduction to the Webclass used drafts of Parts I and II. Computer Science students used drafts of Parts III and IV in upper-level courses. Special thanks to theIntroduction to the Webinstructors, Moreena Tiede, Paul Kapitza, and Roussanka Loukanova, for their many helpful suggestions. I am also indebted to my office suite mates, Jorg Tiede, Lon Shapiro, and Chris Boucher. Jorg v patiently corrected my German in the several German-English pages. All my suite mates provided ongoing support for this project. Thanks also to Harold Grossman, Clemson University; Bert Lundy, Naval Postgraduate

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Weaving a Website Programming in HTML, Java Script, Perl and Java

Weaving a Website Programming in HTML, Java Script, Perl and Java

0130282200

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