Vienna's Dreams of Europe argues, via a sweeping literary and intellectual history, for a convincing counter-narrative to the prevailing story of Austria's place in Europe since the Enlightenment. For a millennium, Austrian writers have used images of Europe and its hegemonic culture as their political and cultural reference points. Yet in discussions of Europe's nation-states, Austria appears only as an afterthought, no matter that its precursor statesthe Holy Roman Empire, the Austrian Empire, and Austria Hungaryrepresent a globalized European cultural space outside the dominant paradigm of nationalist colonialism. Today's Austrian writers confront reunited Europe in full acknowledgment of Austro-Hungary's multicultural heritage, a culture mixing various nationalities, ethnicities and cultural forms, including ancestors from the Balkans and beyond. To challenge standard accounts of eighteenth- through twentieth-century European imperial identity construction, Vienna Dreaming introduces a group of Austrian public intellectuals and authors who have since the eighteenth-century construed their own publics as European. Arens posits a political identity resisting two hundred years of European nationalism, and working in different terms than today's theorist-critics of the hegemonic West.