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Understanding Social Welfare

ISBN: 9780205360062 | 0205360068
Edition: 6th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
Pub. Date: 1/1/2003

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SummaryTable of Contents
Understanding Social Welfare introduces students to the issues, historical influences, trends, methods of operation, and unresolved conflicts of American social welfare. This well-organized, comprehensive, and scholarly text is accessible to social work students and helps them acquire the basic tools for understanding, analyzing, and evaluating social welfare policies and programs. The text focuses on the impact of social structure on people's lives, emphasizing the current concerns of a diverse client population, and incorporating the latest s... MORE
Prefacexv
About the Authorsxix
Socio-Economic Structure, Human Needs, and Mutual Responsibility
1(14)
Overview
... MORE1(1)
The Impact of Social and Economic Structures
2(2)
Defining Social Welfare and Social Work
4(1)
The American Myth of the Hero
5(3)
Balancing Individual and Societal Responsibilities
8(1)
The Authors' Perspective
9(4)
Summary
13(1)
Questions for Consideration
13(1)
Notes
13(2)
Social Values and Social Welfare
15(21)
Overview
15(1)
Modern Views of Humanity
16(1)
Self-Actualization versus Irritation Response Theories
17(1)
Economics and Human Motivation
18(1)
An Overview of History
19(2)
Altruism and Mutual Aid
19(2)
Ancient Cultures
21(8)
Egypt
21(1)
Sumer and Babylonia
22(1)
Hebrew and Judaic Societies
23(2)
Greece and Rome
25(2)
Early Christianity
27(1)
Byzantium: Christianity in the East
28(1)
Holy Poverty and Expectations of the Wealthy
29(1)
Eastern Cultures
30(3)
China
30(1)
India
31(1)
Islam
32(1)
Summary: Evolving Values and Social Welfare
33(1)
Questions for Consideration
33(1)
Notes
34(2)
Social values and Social Welfare: England from the Middle Ages Onward
36(24)
Overview
36(1)
The Early Middle Ages
36(2)
The Middle Middle Ages
38(1)
The Late Middle Ages to Elizabethan Poor Laws
39(5)
Work and Religion
44(4)
The Poor Laws
48(1)
The Poor Law Compilation of 1601
48(2)
Speenhamland
50(2)
The Workhouse
52(2)
The Poor Law of 1834
54(1)
Principles of the Poor Laws
55(2)
Summary
57(1)
Questions for Consideration
57(1)
Notes
58(2)
Social values and Social Welfare: The American Experience I
60(28)
Overview
60(1)
American Poor Law Mentality
60(1)
Settlements, Labor, and Imported ``Poor Laws''
61(3)
The Early Spanish Influence, the Mexicans, and Other Latinos
64(2)
Voluntary Mutual Aid Efforts
66(3)
Mutual Aid Among African Americans
67(2)
Voluntary and Public Responsibilities
69(1)
The American Frontier: The Myth and Values
70(3)
American Indians and U.S. History
73(4)
The Federal Role in Social Welfare
77(1)
The Freedmen's Bureau
78(1)
Veterans and a Suspension of the Ethic
79(2)
Social Darwinism
81(1)
The Coming of Social Insurance
81(2)
Society, Social Values, and Modern Views of Human Nature
83(1)
Summary
84(1)
Questions for Consideration
84(1)
Notes
84(4)
America, Poverty, Two Paths: The American Experience II
88(20)
Three Discoveries of Poverty
88(6)
First Discovery
89(1)
The Fading of the First Discovery
90(1)
Second Discovery
90(1)
Third Discovery
91(3)
The War on Poverty
94(2)
Expectation and Delivery
94(2)
The ``Skirmish'' against Poverty
96(1)
Families, Children, and Poverty
97(6)
Aid to Families with Dependent Children (``Welfare'')
98(3)
An Old-New Path
101(1)
Social Security
102(1)
Contrasting Values and Aims
103(1)
The Poor Laws Today
104(1)
Human Nature and the American Dream
105(1)
Summary
106(1)
Questions for Consideration
107(1)
Notes
107(1)
Concepts for Social Welfare
108(25)
Overview
108(1)
What Is Social Welfare?
109(2)
Social Policy, Social Services, and Social Work
111(2)
Social Policy
111(1)
Social Services
112(1)
Social Work
112(1)
Ideology, Social Policy, and Government Intervention
113(6)
The Federal and Pluralist System
119(1)
The Economic Sphere
120(3)
Fiscal Policy
121(1)
Monetary Policy
122(1)
The Importance of Fiscal and Monetary Policy
123(2)
An International Economy
125(1)
A Second Welfare System-Corporate Welfare
126(1)
A Changed World-New/Old Ideology, New Policies, New Economic Forces, New Social Policy, and New Social Services
127(2)
A Changed Context
129(2)
Summary
131(1)
Questions for Consideration
131(1)
Notes
131(2)
Examining a Social Welfare Program: Structural Components, Alternative Program Characteristics, and Evaluation
133(24)
Overview
133(1)
Structural Components
134(5)
What Are the Needs and Goals to & Met?
134(1)
What Is the Form of Benefit That the Program Produces?
135(1)
Who is Eligible for the Program?
135(1)
How is the Program Financed?
136(2)
What is the Level of Administration?
138(1)
Alternative Program Characteristics
139(12)
Residual, Institutional, Developmental, or Socio-Economic Asset Development
139(3)
Selective or Universal
142(4)
Benefits in Money Services, or Utilities
146(1)
Public or Private
147(1)
Central or Local
148(2)
Lay or Professional
150(1)
Evaluating the Program
151(4)
Adequacy
151(1)
Financing
151(3)
Coherence
154(1)
Latent Consequences
154(1)
Summary
155(1)
Questions for Consideration
155(1)
Notes
155(2)
The Welfare Society and Its Clients
157(32)
Overview
157(1)
Who is a Client of Social Welfare?
157(2)
What is Poverty?
159(4)
Absolute Poverty
159(3)
Relative Comparison Poverty
162(1)
A Description of the Poor
163(5)
Income and Wealth Inequality
168(3)
The Effect of Some Government Programs
171(2)
The Near-Poor and Expectations
173(1)
Other Views of Poverty
174(4)
Relative Inequality
174(1)
Lack of Power, Access, and Inclusion
175(1)
The Underclass/Culture of Poverty Thesis
176(2)
Strategies for Fighting Poverty
178(5)
Social Utilities
178(1)
Investment in Human Capital
178(1)
Income Transfers
179(1)
Rehabilitation
180(1)
Aggregative and Selective Economic Measures
181(1)
Participation and Organization
182(1)
Ideology Revisited
183(1)
The Bush Administration
184(2)
Ideology Once Again
186(1)
Summary
186(1)
Questions for Consideration
187(1)
Notes
187(2)
Current Social Welfare Programs-Economic Security
189(41)
Overview
189(1)
Social Insurance Programs
190(21)
Social Security (OASDI)
190(11)
Unemployment Compensation
201(6)
Workers' Compensation
207(4)
Income Support Programs
211(14)
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
212(5)
Supplemental Security Income
217(4)
General Assistance
221(2)
Named Income Tax Credit
223(2)
Socio-Economic Asset Development
225(3)
Summary
228(1)
Questions for Consideration
228(1)
Notes
228(2)
Social Welfare Programs: Sustaining the Quality of Life
230(48)
Overview
230(1)
Managed Care: A Radical Change
231(5)
Major Organizational Types
231(1)
Impact on Services and Practitioners
232(1)
Proponents
232(1)
Criticisms
233(1)
Research on Quality of Care
233(1)
Strategies to Achieve Profits
234(1)
Public Criticism and Legislation
234(2)
Health Care Programs
236(9)
Medicare
236(5)
Medicaid
241(4)
Nutrition Programs
245(6)
The Food Stamp Program
246(2)
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
248(2)
School Lunch and Breakfast Programs
250(1)
Low-Income Home Energy Assistance
251(1)
Housing
252(3)
Veterans' Benefits
255(3)
Employment Programs
258(1)
Personal Social Services
259(12)
Services to Families
261(1)
Services to Children
262(7)
Title XX
269(2)
Mental Health Services
271(2)
Corrections
273(3)
Summary
276(1)
Questions for Consideration
276(1)
Notes
276(2)
Nonprofit and Private Social Welfare
278(23)
Overview
278(1)
Early Patterns
278(1)
The Nonprofit Sector
279(2)
Types of Nonprofit Agencies
280(1)
The Proprietary Private For-Profit Organization
281(1)
Services of the Nonprofit and Private Sectors
282(1)
Getting and Spending
283(3)
Private and Nonprofit Agencies as Social Welfare Programs
286(3)
Who is Eligible for the Program?
286(1)
What is the Form of the Benefit?
287(1)
How Are the Programs Financed?
287(2)
What Are the Levels of Administration?
289(1)
A Point of View
289(1)
Leadership, Class, and Gender
290(1)
Private and Public Spheres
291(5)
Uses of Public Funds and Power
291(2)
Tax Laws and Policy
293(1)
Programmatic Links
293(1)
Accountability
293(1)
National Policy: Church and State
294(2)
Marketplace and the Nonmarket Domain
296(1)
Family and Friends
297(1)
Toward the Future
297(2)
Summary
299(1)
Questions for Consideration
299(1)
Notes
299(2)
Social Work: The Emergence of a Profession
301(21)
Overview
301(1)
The Workers of ``Good Works''
302(5)
The Process of Professionalization
307(1)
A Brief History of Practice and Methods
308(5)
Development of the Professional Association
313(1)
Social Work with Groups
314(1)
Community Organization and Social Planning
315(3)
Toward a Unified Profession
318(1)
Summary
319(1)
Questions for Consideration
319(1)
Notes
319(3)
Social Work: Functions, Context, and Issues
322(18)
Overview
322(1)
The Purposes of Social Work
322(2)
The Professional within Complex Organizations
324(3)
Complex Organizations and Professional Culture
324(1)
Complex Organizations and Authority
324(1)
The Profession and Professional Autonomy
325(1)
Alternative Roles and Settings
326(1)
Society, the Functions of Social Work, and Services for People
327(1)
The ``Bottom Line''
327(1)
The Two Tracks of Social Work: Cause and Function
328(4)
Generic-Specific Social Work
332(2)
Professionals and volunteers
334(1)
The Number of Social Workers
335(1)
Racism, Sexism, and a Pluralistic Society
335(2)
Summary
337(1)
Questions for Consideration
337(1)
Notes
338(2)
Social Trends Affecting Social Welfare
340(22)
Overview
340(1)
National Society
340(1)
Individual and Shared Goals
341(1)
Trends
342(1)
An International Economy
342(1)
Population Growth and Resources
343(3)
The United States: A Changing Population
346(2)
Productivity and the Service Economy
348(2)
Ethnicity and Pluralism
350(3)
Gender
353(1)
Gay Men and Lesbians
354(4)
The Place of Social Welfare in a Changing Context
358(1)
Summary
359(1)
Questions for Consideration
360(1)
Notes
360(2)
Alternative Programs to Meet Social Welfare Needs
362(33)
Overview
362(1)
Female Heads of Household, Children, and Poverty
363(6)
Mental Health Services for Children and Youth
369(5)
A Second Welfare System: Corporate and Taxpayer Welfare
374(4)
Persons with Disabilities
378(6)
Alternatives Facing the Practitioner
384(1)
Technology and Social Action
385(2)
Where We Are
387(2)
Two Scenarios
389(1)
Our Proposal
390(1)
Summary
391(1)
Questions for Consideration
391(1)
Notes
391(4)
Appendix395(1)
Sources of Information395(6)
Index401

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