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Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Moral Issues

by: Satris, Stephen

ISBN: 9780073397153 | 0073397156

Edition: 11th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: McGraw-Hill/Dushkin
Pub. Date: 5/11/2007

Newer Edition Available

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Summary Table of Contents

This Eleventh Edition of TAKING SIDES: SOCIAL ISSUES presents current controversial issues in a debate-style format designed to stimulate student interest and develop critical thinking skills. Each issue is thoughtfully framed with an issue summary, an issue introduction, and a postscript. An instructor's manual with testing material is available for each volume. USING TAKING SIDES IN THE CLASSROOM is also an excellent instructor resource with practical suggestions on incorporating this effective approach in the classroom. Each TAKING SIDES reader features an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites and is supported by our student website, www.mhcls.com/online.

Unit 1 Fundamental Issues in Morality 45804 Issue 1. Is Moral Relativism Correct? YES: 39723 Gilbert Harman, from "Moral Relativism," in Gilbert Harman and Judith Jarvis Thomson, eds., Moral Relativism and Moral Objectivity (Blackwell, 1996) NO: 45805 Lois Pojman, from "The Case Against Moral Relativism," in Louis P. Pojman and Lewis Vaughn, eds., The Moral Life: An Introductory Reader in Ethics and Literature (Oxford University Press, 2007) Philosopher Gilbert Harman argues that relativism is true for moralitymuch as Einstein proved it was tru... MOREe for motion. Just as motion always presupposes some framework in which it occurs (and something can be in motion relative to one person but not to another), morality too always presupposes some framework. Louis Pojman carefully distinguishes what he calls the diversity thesisthat moral rules differ from society to societyfrom ethical relativism. The diversity thesis is a straightforward description of what are acknowledged differences in the moral beliefs and practices of various human groups. But he argues that moral relativism does not follow from this diversity. 34393 Issue 2. Does Morality Need Religion? YES: 24193 C. Stephen Layman, from The Shape of the Good: Christian Reflections on the Foundations of Ethics (University of Notre Dame Press, 1991) NO: 24194 John Arthur, from "Religion, Morality, and Conscience," in John Arthur, ed., Morality and Moral Controversies , 4th ed. (Prentice Hall, 1996) Philosopher C. Stephen Layman argues that morality makes the most sense from a theistic perspective and that a purely secular perspective is insufficient. The secular perspective, Layman asserts, does not adequately deal with secret violations, and it does not allow for the possibility of fulfillment of people's deepest needs in an afterlife. Philosopher John Arthur counters that morality is logically independent of religion, although there are historical connections. Religion, he believes, is not necessary for moral guidance or moral answers; morality is social. 45806 Issue 3. Is Ayn Rand''s Ethical Egoism Correct? YES: 45807 Ayn Rand, from Atlas Shrugged (The Penguin Group, 1992) NO: 45809 Lois Pojman, from "Egoism and Altruism: A Critique of Ayn Rand," in Louis P. Pojman and Lewis Vaughn, eds., The Moral Life: An Introductory Reader in Ethics and Literature, 3d ed. (Oxford University Press, 2007) Ayn Rand argues against the idea that morality is something that is for the good of others , and thus something that requires self-sacrifice. Here, in her novel Atlas Shrugged , she has the leading character speak in favor of moral egoismthe idea that one should look after oneself and one's own happiness. Louis Pojman argues that Rand has confused the concept of selfishness with that of self-interest . Since she thinks of selfishness as a virtue, this leads her to devalue altruism, or acting for others, as a vice. His own account aims to establish some middle ground between complete altruism and complete egoism. Unit 2 Gender, Sex, and Reproduction 34395 Issue 4. Is Abortion Immoral? YES: 24200 Don Marquis, from "Why Abortion Is Immoral," Journal of Philosophy (April 1989) NO: 24201 Jane English, from "Abortion and the Concept of a Person," Canadian Journal of Philosophy (October 1975) Professor of philosophy Don Marquis argues that abortion is generally wrong for the same reason that killing an innocent adult human being is generally wrong: it deprives the individual of a future that he or she would otherwise have. Philosopher Jane English (19471978) asserts that there is no well-defined line dividing persons from nonpersons. She maintains that both the conservative and the liberal positions are too extreme and that some abortions are morally justifiable and some are not. 34396 Issue 5. Must Sex Involve Commitment? YES: 24593 Vincent C. Punzo, from Reflective Naturalism (Macmillan, 1969) NO: 24592 Alan H. Goldman, from "Plain Sex," Philosophy and Public Affairs (Spring 1977) Philosopher Vincent C. Punzo maintains that the special intimacy of sex requires a serious commitment that is for the most part not required in other human activities. Philosopher Alan H. Goldman argues for a view of sex that is completely separate from any cultural or moral ideology that might be attached to it. 39733 Issue 6. Should Same-Sex Marriage Be Allowed? YES: 39734 Jonathan Rauch, from Gay Marriage: Why It Is Good for Gays, Good for Straights, and Good for America (Times Books, 2004) NO: 39735 Jeff Jordan, from "Contra Same-Sex Marriage," in Robert M. Baird and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, eds., Same-Sex Marriage: The Moral and Legal Debate , 2nd ed. (Blackwell, 2004) Jonathan Rauch argues that same-sex marriage would provide a stabilizing effect on gay relationships and would benefit children. He argues that society has a stake in encouraging these stabilizing relationships and in benefitting children, and should therefore support same-sex marriage. Jeff Jordan considers various "models" of marriage. In issues of same-sex marriage, these models clash. Jordan uses these models in order to argue that extension of marriage to same-sex couples actually violates the foundations of a liberal societya society composed of free and equal individuals. 34398 Issue 7. Should Human Cloning Be Banned? YES: 21950 George J. Annas, from "Why We Should Ban Human Cloning," The New England Journal of Medicine (July 9, 1998) NO: 21949 John A. Robertson, from "Human Cloning and the Challenge of Regulation," The New England Journal of Medicine (July 9, 1998) Law professor George J. Annas argues that human cloning devalues people by depriving them of their uniqueness and that it would radically alter the idea of what it is to be human. Law professor John A. Robertson maintains that there should not be a complete ban on human cloning but that regulatory policy should be focused on ensuring that it is performed in a responsible manner. Unit 3 Law and Society 45808 Issue 8. Is Cloning Pets Ethically Justified? YES: 45810 Autumn Fiester, from "Creating Fido''s Twin," Hastings Center Report (July/August 2005) NO: 45811 Hilary Bok, from "Cloning Companion Animals Is Wrong," Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science (vol. 5, no. 3, 2002) Autumn Fiester argues in support of cloning animals (in particular, people's pets). She emphasizes the point that pet owners really care about their pets. One result of this is that they spen

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