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System Safety Engineering And Risk Assessment: A Practical Approach

by: Bahr; Nicholas J.

System Safety Engineering And Risk Assessment: A Practical Approach

by: Bahr; Nicholas J.

ISBN 13:
9781560324164
ISBN 10:
1560324163
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 09/01/1997
Publisher: CRC Press

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Summary

As technological systems become more complex, it becomes increasingly difficult to identify safely hazards and to control their impact. Engineers are finding that safety and risk touch upon every aspect of engineering system design, operation, and disposal life cycle.This book provides a comprehensive, practical guide of how to build safely into products and industrial processes. The key safety and risk methods are clearly discussed with detailed descriptions of how to apply them. Numerous worked examples of real-life engineering problems are also included along with practical tips.

Foreword

xiii

(2)

Preface

(4)

Acknowledgments

xix

1 INTRODUCTION

(4)

1.1 Why Do We Need Safety Engineering?

(1)

1.2 What Is Safety Analysis?

(1)

1.3 System Safety and Risk Assessment

(1)

1.4 A Brief History of Safety

(1)

References

(1)

2 DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS

(18)

2.1 The Make-up of an Accident

(2)

2.2 How Safe Is Safe Enough?

(1)

2.3 What Is a Hazard and Other Important Concepts

(3)

2.4 The System Safety Process

(4)

2.4.1 Hazard Identification

(1)

2.4.2 Hazard Control

(1)

2.4.3 Risk Acceptance

(1)

2.5 Hazard Reduction Precedence

(3)

2.5.1 "Design out" the Hazard

(1)

2.5.2 Safety Devices

(1)

2.5.3 Warning Devices

(1)

2.5.4 Special Procedures and Training

(1)

2.6 The Use of Standards in Safety

(5)

2.6.1 U.S. Government Standards

(2)

2.6.2 U.S. Industry Standards

(1)

2.6.3 International Standards

(3)

References

(1)

3 SAFETY ANALYSIS IN ENGINEERING--HOW IS IT USED?

(8)

3.1 The Manufacturing Industry

(2)

3.2 The Chemical Process Industry

(1)

3.3 Aerospace and Military Industries

(1)

3.4 The Nuclear Power Industry

(1)

3.5 The Mass Transit Industry

(1)

References

(1)

Further Reading

(2)

4 SAFETY MANAGEMENT

(40)

4.1 Safety in the System Life Cycle

(11)

4.1.1 System Life Cycle

(1)

4.1.2 Safety and the System Life Cycle

(1)

4.1.3 Examples of Poor Application of Safety in the System Life Cycle

(10)

4.2 Organizational Management and Safety

(4)

4.2.1 Management Commitment

(1)

4.2.2 Suggested Ideas to Enhance Management Involvement

(1)

4.2.3 The System Safety Organization

(1)

4.3 Developing a System Safety Program

(17)

4.3.1 Elements of a System Safety Program

(4)

4.3.2 Setting up a System Safety Program

(7)

4.3.3 Evaluating Contractors and Subcontractors

(3)

4.3.4 Emergency Preparedness Programs

(2)

4.4 Common Mistakes in Implementing Safety Programs

(1)

4.5 A Closed-Loop Process

(2)

4.5.1 Hazard Tracking and Resolution

(1)

4.5.2 System Safety Reviews and Audits

(1)

4.6 Voluntary Protection Programs

(2)

References

(1)

Further Reading

(2)

5 HAZARD ANALYSIS

(38)

5.1 Hazard Analysis Methodology

(3)

5.2 Preliminary Hazard List

(1)

5.3 Passenger-Carrying Submersible Example

(1)

5.4 Hazard Analysis--Preliminary, Subsystem, and System

(11)

5.5 Facility Hazard Analysis

(3)

5.6 Operations and Support Hazard Analysis

(7)

5.7 Examples of Hazard Analyses

(10)

5.7.1 Example Hazard Analysis of NASA Laser

(7)

5.7.2 Brief Example of a Hazardous Waste Storage Facility Hazard Analysis

105

(3)

References

108

(1)

Further Reading

108

(1)

6 PROCESS SAFETY ANALYSIS

109

(18)

6.1 Process Hazard Analysis

109

(1)

6.2 HAZOP

110

(5)

6.3 "What If?" Analysis and Safety Checklists

115

(1)

6.4 Brief HAZOP Example of an Ammonia Fill Station

116

(7)

6.5 Example "What If?" Safety Checklist for Pressure Test Equipment

123

(3)

References

126

(1)

Further Reading

126

(1)

7 FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

127

(18)

7.1 Fault Tree Symbols and Logic

128

(4)

7.2 Finding Cut Sets

132

(4)

7.3 Fault Tree Quantification

136

(1)

7.4 Example of a Fault Tree Construction of a Motor-Pump Pressure System

137

(5)

7.5 Common Mistakes in Fault Trees

142

(1)

References

143

(1)

Further Reading

143

(2)

8 FMECA, HUMAN FACTORS, AND SOFTWARE SAFETY

145

(24)

8.1 Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis

145

(6)

8.1.1 Conducting a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis

146

(4)

8.1.2 Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis

150

(1)

8.2 Human Factors Safety Analysis

151

(10)

8.2.1 Performance and Human Error

152

(3)

8.2.2 Human Factors Safety Analysis

155

(4)

8.2.3 Brief Example of Human Factors Safety Analysis--Manual Switchover to Auxiliary Feedwater System

159

(2)

8.3 Software Safety

161

(5)

8.3.1 Software Safety Analysis

162

(4)

8.3.2 Software Testing and IV & V

166

(1)

References

166

(1)

Further Reading

166

(3)

9 OTHER TECHNIQUES

169

(12)

9.1 MORT

169

(1)

9.2 Energy Trace Barrier Analysis

170

(1)

9.3 Sneak Circuit Analysis

170

(1)

9.4 Cause-Consequence Analysis

171

(1)

9.5 Dispersion Modeling

172

(1)

9.6 Test Safety

172

(1)

9.7 Comparing the Various Techniques

173

(5)

9.7.1 Advantages and Disadvantages

176

(2)

References

178

(1)

Further Reading

178

(3)

10 DATA SOURCES AND TRAINING

181

(10)

10.1 Government Data Banks

182

(1)

10.2 Industry Data Banks

183

(1)

10.3 Creating Your Own Data Bank--Some Suggestions

183

(2)

10.4 Safety Training

185

(3)

10.4.1 Employee Training

186

(1)

10.4.2 Emergency Preparedness and Response Training

187

(1)

10.4.3 Personnel Certification for Hazardous Operations

188

(1)

10.4.4 Sample Safety Training Course Outline for a Microprocessor Production Plant

188

(1)

10.5 Safety Awareness

188

(1)

References

189

(1)

Further Reading

190

(1)

11 ACCIDENT REPORTING, INVESTIGATION, AND DOCUMENTATION

191

(10)

11.1 Reporting the Accident

192

(2)

11.1.1 Setting up a Closed-Loop Reporting System

192

(1)

11.1.2 Example of an Automated System

192

(2)

11.2 Forming an Investigation Board

194

(4)

11.2.1 Selecting the Investigation Board

195

(1)

11.2.2 Conducting the Investigation

195

(3)

11.2.3 Investigation Report

198

(1)

11.3 Documenting the Accident

198

(1)

11.3.1 Retention of Records

199

(1)

11.3.2 Public Release of Information

199

(1)

References

199

(1)

Further Reading

199

(2)

12 RISK ASSESSMENT

201

(10)

12.1 What Is Risk?

202

(2)

12.2 Risk Perception

204

(1)

12.3 Risk Assessment Methodology

205

(2)

12.4 Identifying Risk in a System

207

(1)

12.5 Risk Communication

208

(1)

References

209

(1)

Further Reading

209

(2)

13 RISK EVALUATION

211

(22)

13.1 A Probabilistic Approach

212

(1)

13.2 A Risk Analysis Model

212

(8)

13.2.1 Developing Accident Scenarios and Initiating Events

213

(1)

13.2.2 Event Trees

214

(2)

13.2.3 Consequences Determination

216

(2)

13.2.4 Uncertainty

218

(1)

13.2.5 Risk Evaluation--The Use of Risk Profiles

218

(2)

13.3 Calculating Safety Costs

220

(1)

13.4 Brief Example: Risk Assessment of Launching a Space Shuttle Payload

221

(10)

References

231

(1)

Further Reading

231

(2)

APPENDIXES

233

(14)

A Typical Energy Sources

233

(2)

B Generic Hazard Checklist

235

(4)

C Generic Facility Safety Checklist

239

(6)

D Internet Sources

245

(2)

INDEX

247

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

System Safety Engineering And Risk Assessment: A Practical Approach

System Safety Engineering And Risk Assessment: A Practical Approach

9781560324164

1560324163

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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