Rent 9780521179249 | It Still Takes a Candidate: Why Women Don’t Run for Office | Jennifer L. Lawless , Richard L. Fox @knetbooks.com

Summary Table of Contents Author Biography

It Still Takes A Candidate serves as the only systematic, nationwide empirical account of the manner in which gender affects political ambition. The authors find that women, even in the highest tiers of professional accomplishment, are substantially less likely than men to demonstrate ambition to seek elective office.

List of Tables	p. ix
List of Figures	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Electoral Politics: Still a Man's World?	p. 1
Representation, Equality, and the Study of Gender in Electoral Politics	p. 5
Traditional Gender Socialization in the Context of U.S. Politics: The Central Argument and Its Implications	p. 8
Traditional Family Role Orientations	p. 9
Masculinized Et... MOREhos	p. 10
Gendered Psyche	p. 12
Organization of the Book	p. 14
Explaining Women's Emergence in the Political Arena	p. 18
Women and Elective Office: The Numbers	p. 20
Existing Explanations for Women's Underrepresentation	p. 22
Societal Rejection and Cultural Evolution: The Discrimination Explanation	p. 24
Institutional Inertia: The Incumbency Explanation	p. 28
The Candidate Eligibility Pool: The Pipeline Explanation	p. 30
The Missing Piece: Developing a Theory of Gender and Political Ambition	p. 33
The Citizen Political Ambition Panel Study	p. 36
The Gender Gap in Political Ambition	p. 44
Very Much the Same: Gender, Political Participation, Proximity, and Interest	p. 46
Very Much Different: Gender and Political Ambition	p. 49
Considering a Candidacy	p. 50
Deciding to Enter the First Race	p. 55
The Persistent Winnowing Effect	p. 56
The Gender Gap in Elective Office Preferences	p. 57
Conclusion	p. 59
Barefoot, Pregnant, and Holding a Law Degree: Family Dynamics and Running for Office	p. 61
Raised to Be a Candidate?	p. 64
Eligible Candidates' Family Structures and Roles	p. 69
Wife, Mother, and Candidate? Family Roles as Impediments to Political Ambition	p. 76
Are Times Changing? Generational Differences in Political Ambition	p. 84
Conclusion	p. 87
Gender, Party, and Political Recruitment	p. 89
Eligible Candidates' Political Attitudes and Partisanship	p. 91
Who Gets Asked to Run for Office?	p. 95
The Gender Gap in Political Recruitment	p. 97
The Role of Women's Organizations	p. 103
Political Recruitment and Considering a Candidacy	p. 106
Conclusion	p. 110
"I'm Just Not Qualified": Gendered Self-Perceptions of Candidate Viability	p. 112
The Gender Gap in Self-Perceived Qualifications and Its Impact on Political Ambition	p. 114
Explanations for the Gender Gap in Self-Perceived Qualifications	p. 122
The Sexist Environment	p. 122
Gender Differences in Defining Political Qualifications	p. 126
Different Yardsticks for Gauging Political Qualifications	p. 131
Conclusion	p. 134
Taking the Plunge: Deciding to Run for Office	p. 136
Why Would Anyone Run for Office? Negative Perceptions of the Electoral Environment and the Campaign Process	p. 138
Gender and the Decision to Enter a Race	p. 145
A Side Note on Political Culture and Structural Factors	p. 154
Prospective Interest in Running for Office	p. 157
Conclusion	p. 161
Gender and the Future of Electoral Politics	p. 163
Summarizing the Findings and Forecasting Women's Representation	p. 164
Recasting the Study of Gender and Elections	p. 171
	p. 177
The First-Wave Survey (2001)	p. 180
The Second-Wave Survey (2008)	p. 191
The Interview Questionnaire	p. 202
Variable Coding	p. 207
Works Cited	p. 213
Index	p. 231
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Jennifer L. Lawless is Associate Professor of Government at American University, where she is also the Director of the Women Politics Institute. Richard L. Fox is Associate Professor of Political Science at Loyola Marymount University.

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