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"After more than 30 years of teaching sociology to students in colleges, adult education programs, nursing programs, an overseas program based in London, and even a maximum-security prison, I am firmly convinced that the discipline can play a valuable role in teaching critical thinking skills. Sociology can help students to better understand the workings of their own lives as well as of their society and other cultures." –-Richard T. Schaefer

BRIEF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: The Sociological View

Chapter 2: Culture and Socialization

Chapter 3: Social Structure, Groups, and Organizations

Chapter 4: Deviance and Social Control

Chapter 5: Stratification in the United States and Worldwide

Chapter 6: Inequality by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender

Chapter 7: Inequality of Gender

Chapter 8: Family and Religion

Chapter 9: Education, Government, and the Economy

Chapter 10: Population, Community, Health, and the Environment

Ch... MOREapter 11: Social Movements, Social Change, and Technology

DETAILED CONTENTS

Preface

Chapter 1: The Sociological View

What Is Sociology?; The Sociological Imagination; Sociology and the Social Sciences; Sociology and Common Sense

What Is Sociological Theory?

The Development of Sociology; Early Thinkers; mile Durkheim; Max Weber; Karl Marx; Modern Developments:Charles Horton Cooley /Jane Addams / Robert Merton

Major Theoretical Perspectives; Functionalist Perspective: Manifest and Latent Functions; Conflict Perspective: The Marxist View / A Different Voice: W. E. B Du Bois; Interactionist Perspective; Feminist Perspective

What is the Scientific Method?; Defining the Problem; Reviewing the Literature; Formulating the Hypothesis; Collecting and Analyzing Data; Selecting the Sample: Ensuring Validity and Reliability; Developing the Conclusion: Supporting Hypotheses /Controlling the Other Factors /In Summary: The Scientific Method

Major Research Designs; Surveys; Observation; Experiments; Use of Existing Sources

Ethics of Research

Applied and Clinical Sociology

Summary

Chapter 2: Culture and Socialization

Culture and Society

Development of Culture Around the World; Cultural Universals; Innovation; Globalization, Diffusion, and Technology

Elements of Culture; Language; Norms: Types of Norms / Acceptance of Norms; Sanctions; Values

Culture and the Dominant Ideology

Cultural Variation; Subcultures; Countercultures; Culture Shock; Ethnocentrism; Cultural Relativism

The Role of Socialization; Environment: The Impact of Isolation: A Girl Called Isabelle / Heredity: the Impact of Biology

The Self and Socialization; Cooley: Looking-Glass Self; Mead: Stages of the Self; Mead: Theory of the Self; Goffman: Presentation of the Self

Socialization and the Life Course; The Life Course; Anticipatory Socialization and Resocialization

Agents of Socialization; Family; School; Peer Group; Mass Media and Technology; Workplace; The State

Summary

Chapter 3: Social Structure, Groups, and Organizations

Defining and Reconstructing Reality

Elements of Social Structure; Statuses: Ascribed and Achieved Status / Master Status; Social Roles: What Are Social Roles? / Role Conflict/ Role Strain; Groups: Primary and Secondary Groups / In-Groups and Out-Groups / Reference Groups

Social Networks and Technology; Social Institutions

Social Structure in Global Perspective; Tnniess Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft; Lenskis Sociocultural Evolution Approach: Preindustrial Societies / Industrial Societies /Postindustrial and Postmodern Societies

Understanding Organizations; Formal Organizations and Bureaucracies; Characteristics of a Bureaucracy; Bureaucracy and Organizational Culture; Voluntary Associations

Technology Impact on the Workplace

Summary

Chapter 4: Deviance and Social Control

Social Control; Conformity and Obedience; Informal and Formal Social Control; Law and Society

Deviance; What is Deviance? / Deviance and Social Stigma; Explaining Deviance: Functionalist Perspective /Interactionist Perspective / Labeling Theory /Conflict Theory / Feminist Perspective

Crime; Types of Crime: Professional Crime / Organized CrimeWhite-Collar and Technology-Based Crime / Victimless Crime; Crime Statistics:Understanding Crime Statistics /International Crime Rates

Summary

Chapter 5: Stratification in the United States and Worldwide

Understanding Stratification ; Systems of Stratification: Slavery / Castes / Social Classes; Perspectives on Stratification: Karl Marxs View of Class Differentiation / Max Webers View of Stratification; Is Stratification Universal? Functionalist ViewConflict View / Lenskis Viewpoint

Stratification by Social Class; Measuring Social Class: Objective Method / Multiple Measures; Wealth and Income; Poverty: Studying Poverty / Who Are the Poor? /Explaining Poverty; Life Chances

Social Mobility; Open versus Closed Stratification Systems; Types of Social Mobility; Social Mobility in the United States: Occupational Mobility / The Impact of Education / The Impact of Race /The Impact of Gender

Stratification in the World System; Legacy of Colonialism ; Globalization ; Multinational Corporations: Functionalist View / Conflict View; Modernization

Summary

Chapter 6: Inequality by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender

The Privileges of the Dominant

Race, Ethnicity, and Minority Groups; Minority Groups; Race; Ethnicity

Immigration and New Ethnic Groups

Explaining Inequality by Race and Ethnicity; The Functionalist View; The Conflict Response; The Interactionist Approach

Prejudice and Discrimination; Discriminatory Behavior; Institutional Discrimination; Measuring Discrimination

Summary

Chapter 7: Inequality of Gender

The Social Construction of Gender; Gender-Role Socialization; Women's and Men's Gender Roles; A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Explaining Inequality by Gender; The Functionalist View; The Conflict Response; The Feminist Perpsective; The Interactionist Approach

Women: The Oppressed Majority; Sexism and Sex Discrimination; Sexual Harrassment; The Status of Women Worldwide; Women in the Workforce of the United States; The Social Consequences of Women's Employment

The Double Jeopardy of Minority Women

Summary

Chapter 8: The Family and Religion

Studying Social Institutions; Functionalist View; Conflict View; Interactionist View

The Family: A Global View; Composition: What is the Family?; Kinship Patterns: To Whom Are We Related?; Authority Patterns: Who Rules?

Religion as a Social Institution; The Integrative Function of Religion; Religion and Social Support; Religion and Social Change; Religion and Social Control: A Conflict View

Chapter 9: Education, Government, and the Economy

Education: Schools as Formal Organizations; Bureaucratization of Schools; Teachers: Employees and Instructors; Student Subcultures

Power and Authority; Types of Authority: Traditional Authority /Legal-Rational Authority / Charismatic Authority

Who Rules in the United States?; Power Elite Models: Mills Model / Domhoffs ModelPluralist Model

The Economy: Today and Tomorrow; Economic Systems: Capitalism / Socialism; Economic Change: The Face of the Workforce /Deindustrialization / E-Commerce /The Contingency Workforce

Summary

Chapter 10: Population, Community, Health, and the Environment

Demography: The Study of Population; Malthuss Thesis and Marxs Response; Studying Population Today; Elements of Demography

How Did Communities Originate?; Early Communities; Preindustrial Cities; Industrial and Postindustrial Cities

Urbanization and Its Consequences; Functionalist View: Urban Ecology; Conflict View: New Urban Sociology

Health and Illness: Sociological Perspectives; Functionalist Approach; Conflict Approach

The Medicalization of Society ; Inequities in Health Care; Interactionist Approach; Labeling Approach

Social Epidemiology; Social Class; Race and Ethnicity; Gender; Age

The Environment and Our Place in It; Environmental Problems: An Overview: Air Pollution /Water Pollution / Contamination of Land; Human Ecology; A Conflict View of Environmental Issues

Environmental Justice

Summary

Chapter 11: Social Movements, Social Change, and Technology

Social Movements; Relative Deprivation; Resource Mobilization; Gender and Social Movements; New Social Movements

Theories of Social Change; Evolutionary Theory; Functionalist Theory; Conflict Theory; Global Social Change

Resistance to Social Change; Economic and Cultural Factors; Resistance to Technology

Technology and the Future; Computer Technology: Telecommuting / The Internet; Biotechnology: Sex Selection / Genetic Engineering /Bioterrorism; Technological Accidents

Technology and Society; Culture and Social Interaction; Social Control; Stratification and Inequality

Summary

Glossary

References

Credits

Index