This book provides an introductory textbook on the sociology of food and agriculture, suitable for students with little or no background in sociology. It is therefore aimed at undergraduate students of sociology, and graduate students of several disciplines including agriculture and food studies. There has been a growing number of such courses, as interest has increased in topics such as globalization of the agri-food system, including the role of multinationals, food security and food safety. The author starts by looking at the recent development of agriculture under capitalism and neo-liberal regimes and the transformation of farming from a small-scale, family-run business to a globalized system. The consequent changes in rural employment and role of multinationals in controlling markets are described. Topics such as the global hunger and obesity challenges, GM foods and international trade and subsidies are assessed as part of the world food economy. The second section of the book focuses on community impacts, food and culture, and diversity. Later chapters examine topics such as food security, alternative and social movements, food sovereignty, local versus global, and fair trade. All chapters include learning objectives and recommendations for further reading to aid student learning.