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Sociology of Education : A Systematic Analysis

ISBN: 9780134760377 | 0134760379
Edition: 4th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group
Pub. Date: 1/1/1997

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SummaryTable of Contents
Comprehensive, contemporary, and cross-cultural in perspective, this book provides a sociological approach to education-- from several theoretical approaches and their practical application, to current educational issues, to the structure and processes that make education systems work. Using an open systems model as a framework, it shows the formal organization of schools with structure, goals and processes; the informal organization with hidden curriculum, organization climate, etc.; the external environment that influences what goes on in the school, including financing, parent(s), community interest groups, etc.; processes such as stratification and change; higher education. Diagrams show interrelationships between topics. For educators and anyone interested in the sociology of education and schools.
... MORE
PREFACExiii
chapter 1 SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION: A Unique Perspective on Schools
1(22)
The Field of Sociology of Education
1(4)
What sociologists study
2(1)
Why study sociology of education?
3(1)
Kinds of questions asked by sociologists of education
4(1)
Theoretical Approaches and the Development of Sociology of Education
5(8)
Functionalist theory
6(3)
Conflict theory
9(2)
Interaction theories
11(1)
Other recent theories in the sociology of education
11(1)
American sociology of education
12(1)
The Open Systems Approach
13(5)
Research methods in sociology of education
17(1)
Sociology of Education in the Next Century
18(1)
Organization of the Book
19(1)
Summary
20(1)
Studies in Sociology of Education
21(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
21(2)
chapter 2 CONFLICTING FUNCTIONS AND PROCESSES IN EDUCATION: What Makes the System Work
23(33)
Conflicting Functions of Education
23(1)
The Importance of Processes in Educational Systems
24(9)
Role of the media in socialization
30(2)
Political socialization
32(1)
The Function of Cultural Transmission and Process of Passing on Culture
33(11)
Some factors affecting learning
34(1)
How to pass on culture
35(1)
What culture to pass on
36(8)
The Function of Social Control and Personal Development: Preparing the Individual for Society
44(5)
Violence and discipline in schools
44(5)
Students' rights
47(2)
The Function of Selection and Allocation: The Sorting Process
49(3)
The testing game
49(2)
Achievement tests
51(1)
The Function of Change and Innovation: The Process of Looking to the Future
52(1)
Summary
53(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
54(2)
chapter 3 EDUCATION AND THE PROCESS OF STRATIFICATION
56(30)
The Crisis in Schooling
56(2)
Education and stratification in America
56(2)
The Process of Stratification: Is Inequality Inevitable?
58(9)
Determinants of social class
59(3)
Major explanations of stratification
62(5)
Stratification and Equality of Educational Opportunity
67(17)
The meaning of "equality of educational opportunity"
67(1)
Social class reproduction: the debate over public versus private schools
68(1)
The controversial issue of "choice"
69(1)
Ability grouping and teacher expectations
70(8)
Families and schools: home environment effects on educational achievement and stratification
78(5)
Financing schools in the United States
83(1)
Summary
84(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
85(1)
chapter 4 RACE, CLASS AND GENDER: Attempts to Achieve Equality of Educational Opportunity
86(40)
Sex and Equality of Educational Opportunity
86(11)
Sex role Socialization
87(1)
Sex differences in the educational system
88(8)
"Biological destiny"
96(1)
Combating sexism in educational systems
97(1)
Class, Race, and Attempts to Rectify Inequalities in Educational Opportunity
97(13)
Trends in public school enrollments
98(1)
The underclass and at-risk students
99(2)
Research on equality of educational opportunity
101(1)
The battle over desegregation
102(1)
Court cases on desegregation
103(2)
Effects of efforts to desegregate schools
105(5)
Integration Attempts
110(2)
Educational Experience of Selected Minorities in the United States
112(9)
Hispanic students
112(2)
Immigrants
114(1)
Asian-American students
115(1)
Native American students
116(1)
Special education students
117(3)
Gifted students
120(1)
Improving Schools for Minority Students
121(3)
Summary
124(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
125(1)
chapter 5 THE SCHOOL AS AN ORGANIZATION
126(23)
Social System of the School
127(1)
Goals of the School System
128(3)
Societal and community goals
129(1)
School goals
130(1)
Individual goals
131(1)
School Functions: The Purposes of the School
131(2)
Diverse functions
131(1)
Unanticipated consequences of functions
132(1)
Conflicting goals and functions
132(1)
The School as an Organization
133(9)
The school as a bureaucracy
133(1)
Characteristics of bureaucracy
134(4)
Development of schools as bureaucracies
138(1)
Problems in educational bureaucracies
139(2)
School as "loosely coupled" organizations
141(1)
Centralized Versus Decentralized Decision Making: The Fight over Control of Schools
142(3)
Centralization of decision making
142(2)
Decentralization
144(1)
Professionals in the Educational System
145(2)
Summary
147(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
148(1)
chapter 6 FORMAL SCHOOL STATUSES AND ROLES: "The Way It Spozed to Be"
149(45)
The Meaning of Roles
149(2)
Status and roles in the system
149(1)
The school organization and roles
150(1)
Role expectations and conflict
150(1)
Perspectives on roles
151(1)
Roles in Schools
151(40)
School boards: liaison between school and community
151(4)
Superintendent: manager of the school system
155(3)
The principal: school boss-in-the-middle
158(4)
Teachers: the front line
162(12)
Students: the core of the school
174(15)
Support roles in the school: behind the scenes,
189(2)
Summary
191(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
192(2)
chapter 7 THE INFORMAL SYSTEM AND THE "HIDDEN CURRICULUM": What Really Happens in School
194(29)
The Open Systems Approach and the Informal System
195(3)
The hidden curriculum
195(1)
Reproduction theory and the informal system
196(2)
The Educational "Climate" and School Effectiveness
198(12)
The value climate
198(5)
The school climate and effective schools
203(1)
Classroom learning climate
204(2)
Student friendships and interaction patterns in the classroom
206(4)
Power Dynamics and Roles in the Informal System
210(11)
Theoretical explanations of power dynamics in the classroom
211(1)
Students and the informal system
212(5)
Teacher strategies and the informal system
217(4)
Summary
221(1)
Putting sociology to Work
222(1)
chapter 8 THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND THE ENVIRONMENT: A Symbiotic Relationship
223(20)
The Environment and the Education System
223(3)
Types of environments,
225(1)
The School Systems' Environments: Interdependence Between Institutions
226(15)
Home and family influences on school
227(1)
The institution of religion: separation of church and state
228(2)
The economics of education: financing schools
230(6)
The political and legal institution
236(3)
Communities and their schools
239(2)
Summary
241(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
242(1)
chapter 9 THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION
243(49)
History and Development of Higher Education
243(6)
Historical functions of higher education
244
Trends in development of higher education
244
Theoretical Approaches to Higher Education
249(5)
The expansion of higher education
249(1)
Access to higher education
250(1)
Stratification and equal opportunity in higher education
251(1)
Elite versus public colleges
252(1)
Admissions and the courts
253(1)
Characteristics of Higher Education in the United States
254(3)
Growth of higher education
256(1)
The school-to-work transition and the credential crisis
256(1)
Functions of the Higher Education System
257(4)
The university as a community
257(1)
The function of reseach
258(1)
The function of teaching
258(1)
The function of service
258(1)
The function of the "national security state"
259(1)
Conflicts over the university's function
259(1)
The academic function of universities versus big business
259(1)
What type of curriculum,
260(1)
Higher Education as an Organization
261(3)
Higher education structure and the bureaucratic model: does it work?
261(3)
Roles in Higher Education
264(16)
Roles in higher education: the clients
264(3)
Gender and race in higher education
267(7)
The graying of college graduates
274(1)
Roles in higher education: the faculty
275(2)
Faculty issues in higher education
277(2)
Roles in higher education: administrators
279(1)
Environmental Pressures on Higher Education
280(5)
Government influence on finding of higher education
281(2)
The courts and affirmative action
283(1)
Environmental feedback and organizational change
284(1)
Outcomes of Higher Education
285(3)
Higher education: attitudes, values, and behaviors,
285(1)
The value of a college education
286(2)
Problems and Reform in higher Education
288(1)
Summary
289(2)
Putting Sociology to Work
291(1)
chapter 10 EDUCATION SYSTEMS AROUND THE WORLD: A Comparative View
292(44)
Cross-Cultural Educational Studies
293(3)
Comparative education as a field of study
294(2)
Comparative education and the systems approach
296(1)
Approaches to Cross-Cultural Studies of Educational Systems
296(5)
Comparative international studies of achievement
297(4)
Theoretical Perspectives and Typologies in Comparative Education
301(8)
Modernization and human capital perspectives
302(3)
"Legitimation of knowledge" perspective
305(1)
Rich versus poor: an educational typology,
306(2)
National structures of educational systems and curricula: comparative variables
308(1)
Cross-Cultural Approaches to Educational Systems: World and Institutional Interdependence
309(9)
World system analysis
309(2)
Education and economic institutions
311(1)
Stages of economic development and educational change
312(1)
Education and political-economic institutional systems
313(2)
Education and the institution of religion
315(1)
Family, social class, and education
316(1)
Higher education around the world
317(1)
Case Studies of Educational Systems
318(16)
Education in Britain
320(5)
Education in the People's Republic of China
325(4)
History of education in colonial Africa
329(5)
Summary
334(1)
Putting Sociology to Work
335(1)
chapter 11 EDUCATION MOVEMENTS AND REFORM
336(26)
The Nature of Educational Movements
339(6)
Educational Movements Throughout History
341(1)
Early European education: purpose and function for society
341(1)
Educational movements in the United States
342(3)
Alternative Education and Related Movements
345(4)
The development of free schools
345(2)
English primary school
347(1)
Impact of the alternative education movement
347(1)
Open classrooms
348(1)
Back to Basics and Accountability
349(11)
Private schools
352(1)
Accountability movements
353(1)
The testing controversy and back to basics
354(1)
Effective schools and educational reform
355(1)
Structural and curricular changes in the schools
356(1)
The "choice" movement
356(1)
"Multiculturalism" and "political correctness"
357(1)
Technology and the classroom
358(1)
Other movements, reforms, and fads
358(2)
Summary
360(1)
Putting Sociology to Work,
361(1)
chapter 12 CHANGE AND PLANNING IN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
362
The Dynamics of Change
362(5)
Change and levels of analysis
364(1)
Sources of change
365(2)
Perspectives on Change
367
Structural-functional approach to change
367(1)
Conflict approach to change
367(3)
Open system approach to change
370

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