Rent 9780205496587 | Sociology : A down-to-Earth Approach, Core Concepts

Summary Table of Contents

Adapted from Henslins best-selling comprehensive hardback text, Core Concepts provides in-depth coverage of ten high-priority topics that are the foundation of many introductory sociology courses. This unique paperback offers a concise and economical format without sacrificing depth of coverage. Unlike a brief or essentials text, the ten chapters that make up Core Concepts are not edited down from a longer book. Instead, they provide full coverage of those topics that instructors emphasize the most in a one-semester or one-term introductory sociology course. And like Henslins other texts, it features the author's familiar down-to-earth approach and personal writing style that highlight the sociology of everyday life. With wit, personal reflection, and illuminating examples, Henslin shares with readers a passion for sociology unmatched by any other introductory text.

To the Student from the Author

xxi

To the Instructor from the Author

xxii

The Sociological Perspective

(33)

... MORE

The Sociological Perspective

(1)

Seeing the Broader Social Context

(1)

Origins of Sociology

(3)

Tradition Versus Science

(1)

Auguste Comte and Positivism

(1)

Herbert Spencer and Social Darwinism

(1)

Karl Marx and Class Conflict

(1)

Emile Durkheim and Social Integration

(1)

Max Weber and the Protestant Ethic

(1)

Sexism in Early Sociology

(1)

Attitudes of the Time

(1)

Harriet Martineau and Early Social Research

(1)

Sociology in North America

(4)

Early History: The Tension Between Social Reform and Sociological Analysis

(1)

Jane Addams and Social Reform

(1)

W. E. B. Du Bois and Race Relations

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Early Sociology in North America: Du Bois and Race Relations

(1)

Talcott Parsons and C. Wright Mills: Theory Versus Reform

(1)

The Continuing Tension and the Rise of Applied Sociology

(1)

Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology

(8)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Careers in Sociology: What Applied Sociologists Do

(1)

Symbolic Interactionism

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Capturing Saddam Hussein: A Surprising Example of Applied Sociology

(2)

Functional Analysis

(1)

Conflict Theory

(2)

Levels of Analysis: Macro and Micro

(1)

Putting the Theoretical Perspectives Together

(1)

How Theory and Research Work Together

(1)

Doing Sociological Research

(3)

A Research Model

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Enjoying A Sociology Quiz---Sociological Findings Versus Common Sense

(2)

Research Methods

(7)

Surveys

(3)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Loading the Dice: How Not to Do Research

(1)

Participant Observation (Fieldwork)

(1)

Secondary Analysis

(1)

Documents

(1)

Experiments

(1)

Unobtrusive Measures

(1)

Gender in Sociological Research

(1)

Ethics in Sociological Research

(2)

Protecting the Subjects: The Brajuha Research

(1)

Misleading the Subjects: The Humphreys Research

(1)

Values in Sociological Research

(1)

Trends Shaping the Future of Sociology

(2)

Sociology Full Circle: Reform Versus Research

(1)

Globalization

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Studying Job Discrimination: Another Surprising Example of Applied Sociology

(1)

Applications of Globalization to This Text

(1)

Summary and Review

(2)

Culture

(28)

What Is Culture?

(3)

Culture and Taken-for-Granted Orientations to Life

(1)

Practicing Cultural Relativism

(1)

Cultural Diversity around the World: You Are What You Eat?: An Exploration in Cultural Relativity

(1)

Components of Symbolic Culture

(9)

Gestures

(2)

Language

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Emoticons: ``Written Gestures'' for Expressing Yourself Online

(2)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Miami--Language in a Changing City

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Race and Language: Searching for Self-Labels

(1)

Values, Norms, and Sanctions

(1)

Folkways and Mores

(1)

Many Cultural Worlds

(1)

Subcultures

(1)

Countercultures

(1)

Values in U.S. Society

(7)

An Overview of U.S. Values

(1)

Looking at Subcultures

(3)

Mass Media in Social Life: Why Do Native Americans Like Westerns?

(1)

Value Clusters

(1)

Value Contradictions and Social Change

(1)

Emerging Values

(1)

Culture Wars: When Values Clash

(1)

Values as Blinders

(1)

``Ideal'' Versus ``Real'' Culture

(1)

Cultural Universals

(1)

Thinking Critically: Are We Prisoners of Our Genes? Sociobiology and Human Behavior

(1)

Technology in the Global Village

(3)

The New Technology

(1)

Cultural Lag and Cultural Change

(1)

Technology and Cultural Leveling

(2)

Summary and Review

(2)

Socialization

(32)

What Is Human Nature?

(4)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Heredity or Environment? The Case of Oskar and Jack, Identical Twins

(1)

Feral Children

(1)

Isolated Children

(1)

Institutionalized Children

(2)

Deprived Animals

(1)

Socialization into the Self and Mind

(4)

Cooley and the Looking-Glass Self

(1)

Mead and Role Taking

(2)

Piaget and the Development of Reasoning

(1)

Global Aspects of the Self and Reasoning

(1)

Cultural Diversity around the World: Do You See What I See?: Eastern and Western Ways of Perceiving and Thinking

(1)

Learning Personality, Morality, and Emotions

(3)

Freud and the Development of Personality

(1)

Kohlberg, Gilligan, and the Development of Morality

(1)

Socialization into Emotions

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Signs of the Times: Are We Becoming Ik?

(1)

Society Within Us: The Self and Emotions as Social Control

(1)

Socialization into Gender

(3)

Gender Messages in the Family

(1)

Gender Messages from Peers

(1)

Gender Messages in the Mass Media

(1)

Agents of Socialization

(7)

The Family

(1)

Mass Media in Social Life: From Xena, Warrior Princess, to Lara Croft, Tomb Raider: Changing Images of Women in the Mass Media

(1)

The Neighborhood

(1)

Religion

(1)

Day Care

(1)

The School

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Caught Between Two Worlds

(1)

Peer Groups

(1)

Sports and Competitive Success

(1)

The Workplace

(1)

Resocialization

(1)

Total Institutions

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Boot Camp as a Total Institution

(1)

Socialization Through the Life Course

(5)

Childhood

(1)

Adolescence

(1)

Transitional Adulthood

(1)

The Middle Years

(1)

The Older Years

(1)

The Sociological Significance of the Life Course

(1)

Are We Prisoners of Socialization?

(1)

Summary and Review

(2)

Social Structure and Social Interaction

(30)

Levels of Sociological Analysis

(1)

Macrosociology and Microsociology

(1)

The Macrosociological Perspective: Social Structure

(4)

The Sociological Significance of Social Structure

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: College Football as Social Structure

(1)

Culture

(1)

Social Class

(1)

Social Status

(1)

Roles

100

(1)

Groups

101

(1)

Social Institutions

101

(5)

The Sociological Significance of Social Institutions

102

(1)

An Example: The Mass Media as an Emerging Social Institution

103

(1)

Comparing Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives

103

(1)

Changes in Social Structure

104

(1)

What Holds Society Together?

105

(1)

The Microsociological Perspective: Social Interaction in Everyday Life

106

(13)

Symbolic Interaction

106

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: The Amish: Gemeinschaft Community in a Gesellschaft Society

107

(2)

Down to Earth Sociology: Beauty May Be Only Skin Deep, But Its Effects Go On Forever: Stereotypes in Everyday Life

109

(1)

Dramaturgy: The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life

110

(4)

Mass Media in Social Life: You Can't Be Thin Enough: Body Images and the Mass Media

114

(1)

Ethnomethodology: Uncovering Background Assumptions

114

(3)

The Social Construction of Reality

117

(2)

The Need for Both Macrosociology and Microsociology

119

(3)

Summary and Review

122

(2)

Societies to Social Networks

124

(28)

Societies and Their Transformation

126

(5)

Hunting and Gathering Societies

126

(2)

Pastoral and Horticultural Societies

128

(1)

Agricultural Societies

128

(1)

Industrial Societies

129

(1)

Postindustrial (Information) Societies

130

(1)

Biotech Societies: Is a New Type of Society Emerging?

130

(1)

Groups Within Society

131

(10)

Sociology and the New Technology: ``So, You Want to Be Yourself?'' Cloning in the Coming Biotech Society

134

(1)

Primary Groups

134

(2)

Secondary Groups

136

(1)

In-Groups and Out-Groups

136

(1)

Reference Groups

137

(1)

Social Networks

138

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Facebooking: The Lazy (But Efficient) Way to Meet Friends

139

(1)

A New Group: Electronic Communities

140

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: How Our Own Social Networks Perpetuate Social Inequality

141

(1)

Group Dynamics

141

(9)

Effects of Group Size on Stability and Intimacy

142

(1)

Effects of Group Size on Attitudes and Behavior

143

(1)

Leadership

144

(2)

The Power of Peer Pressure: The Asch Experiment

146

(1)

The Power of Authority: The Milgram Experiment

147

(1)

Thinking Critically: If Hitler Asked You to Execute a Stranger, Would You? The Milgram Experiment

147

(1)

Global Consequences of Group Dynamics: Groupthink

148

(2)

Summary and Review

150

(2)

Deviance and Social Control

152

(32)

What Is Deviance?

154

(5)

How Norms Make Social Life Possible

154

(1)

Cultural Diversity around the World: Human Sexuality in Cross-Cultural Perspective

155

(1)

Sanctions

156

(1)

Shaming and Degradation Ceremonies

156

(1)

Thinking Critically: Is It Rape, Or Is It Marriage? A Study in Culture Clash

157

(1)

Competing Explanations of Deviance: Sociology, Sociobiology, and Psychology

158

(1)

The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

159

(5)

Differential Association Theory

159

(1)

Control Theory

160

(1)

Labeling Theory

161

(3)

The Functionalist Perspective

164

(6)

Can Deviance Really Be Functional for Society?

164

(1)

Strain Theory: How Social Values Produce Deviance

164

(1)

Mass Media in Social Life: Pornography on the Internet: Freedom Versus Censorship

165

(2)

Illegitimate Opportunity Structures: Social Class and Crime

167

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Islands in the Street: Urban Gangs in the United States

168

(2)

The Conflict Perspective

170

(2)

Class, Crime, and the Criminal Justice System

170

(1)

Power and Inequality

171

(1)

The Law as an Instrument of Oppression

171

(1)

Reactions to Deviance

172

(10)

Street Crime and Prisons

172

(1)

Thinking Critically: ``Three Strikes and You're Out!'' Unintended Consequences of Well-Intended Laws

173

(1)

The Decline in Crime

174

(1)

Recidivism

174

(1)

The Death Penalty and Bias

175

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Killer Next Door: Serial Murderers in Our Midst

176

(1)

Legal Change

177

(1)

Thinking Critically: Changing Views: Making Hate a Crime

178

(1)

The Trouble with Official Statistics

179

(1)

The Medicalization of Deviance: Mental Illness

179

(2)

The Need for a More Humane Approach

181

(1)

Summary and Review

182

(2)

Social Stratification

184

(40)

An Overview of Social Stratification

186

(4)

Slavery

186

(2)

Mass Media in Social Life: What Price Freedom? Slavery Today

188

(1)

Caste

189

(1)

Social Class

190

(1)

Global Stratification and the Status of Females

190

(1)

Global Stratification: Three Worlds

190

(4)

The Most Industrialized Nations

191

(1)

The Industrializing Nations

191

(1)

Thinking Critically: Open Season: Children As Prey

191

(3)

The Least Industrialized, Nations

194

(1)

How Did the World's Nations Become Stratified?

194

(5)

Colonialism

194

(1)

World System Theory

195

(3)

Thinking Critically: When Globalization Comes Home: Maquiladoras South of the Border

198

(1)

Culture of Poverty

198

(1)

Evaluating the Theories

199

(1)

Why Is Social Stratification Universal?

199

(2)

The Functionalist View: Motivating Qualified People

199

(1)

The Conflict Perspective: Class Conflict and Scarce Resources

200

(1)

What Determines Social Class?

201

(2)

Karl Marx: The Means of Production

202

(1)

Max Weber: Property, Prestige, and Power

202

(1)

Social Class in the United States

203

(6)

Property

203

(3)

Prestige

206

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: How the Super-Rich Live

207

(1)

Power

207

(1)

Status Inconsistency

208

(1)

A Social Class Model

209

(5)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Big Win: Life After the Lottery

210

(1)

The Capitalist Class

211

(1)

The Upper Middle Class

212

(1)

The Lower Middle Class

213

(1)

The Working Class

213

(1)

The Working Poor

213

(1)

The Underclass

213

(1)

Consequences of Social Class

214

(2)

Family Life

214

(1)

Education

214

(1)

Religion

214

(1)

Politics

215

(1)

Physical Health

215

(1)

Mental Health

215

(1)

Thinking Critically: Mental Illness and Inequality in Health Care

216

(1)

Social Mobility

216

(2)

Three Types of Social Mobility

216

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Social Class and the Upward Mobility of African Americans

217

(1)

Women in Studies of Social Mobility

218

(1)

Poverty

218

(4)

Drawing the Poverty Line

219

(1)

Children of Poverty

219

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Exploring Myths About the Poor

220

(1)

Thinking Critically: The Nation's Shame: Children in Poverty

221

(1)

Where Is Horatio Alger? The Social Functions of a Myth

221

(1)

Summary and Review

222

(2)

Sex and Gender

224

(34)

Issues of Sex and Gender

226

(5)

Gender Differences in Behavior: Biology or Culture?

226

(2)

Thinking Critically: Biology Versus Culture---Culture Is the Answer

228

(1)

Thinking Critically: Biology Versus Culture---Biology Is the Answer

228

(1)

The Dominant Position in Sociology

229

(1)

Opening the Door to Biology

229

(2)

Gender Inequality in Global Perspective

231

(7)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Gender Gap in Math and Science: A National Debate

232

(1)

How Females Became a Minority Group

232

(1)

Cultural Diversity Around the World: ``Pssst. You Wanna Buy a Bride?'' China in Transition

233

(1)

The Origins of Patriarchy

233

(1)

Sex Typing of Work

234

(1)

Gender and the Prestige of Work

235

(1)

Other Areas of Global Discrimination

235

(3)

Gender Inequality in the United States

238

(8)

Fighting Back: The Rise of Feminism

238

(1)

Cultural Diversity around the World: Female Circumcision

239

(2)

Gender Inequality in Health Care

241

(1)

Gender Inequality in Education

242

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Cold-Hearted Surgeons and Their Women Victims

242

(3)

Gender Inequality in Everyday Life

245

(1)

Gender Inequality in the Workplace

246

(6)

The Pay Gap

246

(3)

The Cracking Glass Ceiling

249

(1)

Gender and the Control of Workers

250

(1)

Sexual Harassment---and Worse

250

(1)

Thinking Critically: Sexual Harassment and Rape of Women in the Military

251

(1)

Gender and Violence

252

(2)

Violence Against Women

252

(2)

Feminism and Gendered Violence

254

(1)

Solutions

254

(1)

The Changing Face of Politics

254

(1)

Glimpsing the Future---with Hope

255

(1)

Summary and Review

256

Fold-out Section: The Changing Role of Women: A Walk Through History

252

(6)

Race and Ethnicity

258

(36)

Laying the Sociological Foundation

260

(5)

Race: Myth and Reality

260

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Tiger Woods and the Emerging Multiracial Identity: Mapping New Ethnic Terrain

261

(1)

Ethnic Groups

262

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Can a Plane Ride Change Your Race?

263

(1)

Minority Groups and Dominant Groups

263

(2)

How People Construct Their Racial-Ethnic Identity

265

(1)

Prejudice and Discrimination

265

(4)

Learning Prejudice

265

(2)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Racist Mind

267

(1)

Thinking Critically: Self-Segregation: Help or Hindrance for Race Relations on Campus?

268

(1)

Individual and Institutional Discrimination

268

(1)

Theories of Prejudice

269

(3)

Psychological Perspectives

269

(1)

Sociological Perspectives

270

(2)

Global Patterns of Intergroup Relations

272

(3)

Genocide

272

(1)

Population Transfer

273

(1)

Internal Colonialism

273

(1)

Segregation

273

(1)

Assimilation

273

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: ``You Can Work for Us, But You Can't Live Near Us''

274

(1)

Multiculturalism (Pluralism)

274

(1)

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States

275

(9)

European Americans

276

(1)

Latinos (Hispanics)

277

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack: Exploring Cultural Privilege

277

(4)

African Americans

281

(3)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: Stealth Racism in the Rental Market: What You Reveal by Your Voice

284

(1)

Thinking Critically: Reparations for Slavery: Justice or Foolishness?

284

(1)

Fold-out Section: ``Racial'' Categories in the U.S. Census: 1940 to Present

284

(5)

Asian Americans

285

(2)

Native Americans

287

(2)

Looking Toward the Future

289

(3)

The Immigration Debate

290

(1)

Affirmative Action

290

(1)

Cultural Diversity in the United States: Glimpsing the Future: The Shifting U.S. Racial-Ethnic Mix

291

(1)

Toward a True Multicultural Society

292

(1)

Summary and Review

292

(2)

Marriage and Family

294

(37)

Marriage and Family in Global Perspective

296

(2)

What Is a Family?

296

(1)

Common Cultural Themes

297

(1)

Cultural Diversity around the World: Watching Out for Kids: Gender Equality and Family Life in Sweden

298

(1)

Marriage and Family in Theoretical Perspective

298

(4)

The Functionalist Perspective: Functions and Dysfunctions

299

(1)

The Conflict Perspective: Gender and Power

299

(1)

Thinking Critically: The Second Shift---Strains and Strategies

300

(2)

The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective: Gender and the Meanings of Marriage

302

(1)

The Family Life Cycle

302

(6)

Love and Courtship in Global Perspective

302

(1)

Cultural Diversity around the World: East Is East and West Is West: Love and Arranged Marriage in India

303

(1)

Marriage

304

(1)

Childbirth and Child Rearing

304

(3)

Family Transitions in Later Life

307

(1)

Diversity in U.S. Families

308

(5)

African American Families

308

(1)

Latino Families

309

(1)

Asian American Families

310

(1)

Native American Families

310

(1)

One-Parent Families

311

(1)

Families Without Children

311

(1)

Blended Families

312

(1)

Gay and Lesbian Families

312

(1)

Trends U.S. Families

313

(4)

Sociology and the New Technology: The Brave New World of High-Tech Reproduction: Where Technology Outpaces Law and Sometimes Common Sense

313

(1)

Postponing Marriage and Childbirth

313

(2)

Cohabitation

315

(1)

Unmarried Mothers

315

(1)

Grandparents as Parents

315

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: ``You Want Us to Live Together? What Do You Mean By That?''

316

(1)

The ``Sandwich Generation'' and Elder Care

317

(1)

Divorce and Remarriage

317

(5)

Problems in Measuring Divorce

317

(2)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: ``What Are Your Chances of Getting Divorced?''

319

(1)

Children of Divorce

320

(1)

Grandchildren of Divorce

321

(1)

The Absent Father and Serial Fatherhood

321

(1)

The Ex-Spouses

321

(1)

Remarriage

321

(1)

Dark sides of Family Life

322

(4)

The Dark Side of Family Life: Battering, Child Abuse, Marital Rape, and Incest

323

(1)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: ``Why Doesn't She Just Leave?'' The Dilemma of Abused Women

323

(2)

The Bright Side of Family Life: Successful Marriages

325

(1)

The Future of Marriage and Family

326

(2)

Down-to-Earth Sociology: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work

327

(1)

Summary and Review

328

(3)

Epilogue: Why Major in Sociology?

331

Glossary

(1)

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Sociology : A down-to-Earth Approach, Core Concepts

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