This book provides a critical evaluation of "home-grown" development initiatives in Africa that started in the 1990s as alternatives to externally driven development. Focusing specifically on Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa and Kenya, the book takes a qualitative and comparative approach to offer the first ever in-depth analysis of indigenous development programmes. It examines: How far and with what effect African states have shifted towards more home-grown development strategies. Whether African home-grown socio-economic development strategies achieve what the international community could not; and the conditions under which this might be expected to happen. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of development studies, political economy, public policy and African politics, sociology and economics.