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Social Problems : A Down-to-Earth Approach

ISBN: 9780130960849 | 0130960845
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 12/1/1999

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SummaryTable of Contents
For freshman- and sophomore-level courses in Social Problems. This theoretically balanced text provides a thorough understanding of major social problems facing the United Statestheir causes, consequences, likely future course, and what can be done about them. It provides students with the basic data and the sociological frameworks for interpreting those data. Extensive pedagogy helps students easily understand potentially complex ideas and to relate concepts to their personal lives.
This theoretically balanced tex... MORE
Boxesxiv
Prefacexvii
PART I The Sociology of Social Problems
How Sociologists View Social Problems: The Abortion Dilemma
1(24)
... MOREThe Sociological Imagination
2(1)
What Is a Social Problem?
3(4)
The Essential Elements of a Social Problem
3(2)
Social Problems Are Relative
5(2)
The Natural History of Social Problems
7(6)
The First Stage: Defining the Problem, the Emergence of Leaders, and Beginning to Organize
8(1)
The Second Stage: Crafting the Official Response
8(1)
The Third Stage: Reacting to the Official Response
9(1)
The Fourth Stage: Developing Alternative Strategies
10(3)
The Role of Sociology in Social Problems
13(8)
Sociology as a Tool for Breaking Through Emotions and Defenses
13(2)
Sociology and Common Sense
15(1)
Methods for Studying Social Problems
16(3)
Should Sociologists Take Sides?
19(1)
Should Sociologists Define Social Problems?
20(1)
The Working Consensus
21(1)
Summary
21(1)
Key Terms
22(1)
Suggested Readings: The Abortion Controversy
23(1)
Suggested Readings: The Sociological Approach
23(1)
For Reference
24(1)
Interpreting Social Problems: Aging
25(25)
Sociological Theories and Social Problems
27(1)
Symbolic Interactionism and Social Problems
28(4)
The Development of Symbolic Interactionism
29(2)
Applying Symbolic Interactionism
31(1)
Symbolic Interactionism and Social Problems: A Summary
31(1)
Functionalism and Social Problems
32(5)
The Development of Functionalism
33(1)
Applying Functionalism to Social Problems
34(2)
Functionalism and Social Problems: A Summary
36(1)
Conflict Theory and Social Problems
37(3)
The Development of Conflict Theory
37(1)
Applying Conflict Theory to Social Problems
38(2)
Conflict Theory and Social Problems: A Summary
40(1)
The Future of the Problem: The Pendulum Swings
40(5)
Summary
45(1)
Key Terms
46(2)
Suggested Readings: Aging
48(1)
Suggested Readings: Sociological Theory
49(1)
PART II Norm Violations in Social Context
Prostitution, Homosexuality, and Pornography
50(38)
Sexual Behaviors as Social Problems
51(1)
Prostitution
52(12)
Background: Getting the Larger Picture
52(1)
Prostitution Viewed Theoretically: Applying Functionalism
53(2)
Research on Prostitution
55(9)
Homosexuality
64(11)
Background: Getting the Larger Picture
64(3)
Homosexuality Viewed Theoretically: Applying Conflict Theory
67(2)
Research on Homosexuality
69(5)
Differences Between Male and Female Homosexuals
74(1)
Pornography
75(6)
Background: Getting the Larger Picture
75(2)
Pornography Viewed Theoretically: Applying Symbolic Interactionism
77(1)
Controversy and Research on Pornography
78(3)
Social Policy
81(2)
Criminalization of Consensual Acts
81(1)
Alternatives to Criminalization
81(2)
The Future of the Problem
83(3)
Prostitution and the Future
84(1)
Homosexuality and the Future
84(1)
Pornography and the Future
85(1)
Summary
86(1)
Key Terms
86(1)
Suggested Readings
87(1)
Alcohol and Other Drugs
88(44)
The Problem in Social Perspective
89(2)
The Scope of the Problem
91(3)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
94(7)
Symbolic Interactionism
94(2)
Functionalism
96(1)
Conflict Theory
97(4)
Research Findings
101(21)
The Medicalization of Human Problems
101(3)
The Effects of Drugs
104(1)
The Recreational Mood Elevators
104(12)
The Hallucinogens
116(2)
The Amphetamines and Barbiturates
118(1)
The Narcotics
119(3)
Social Policy
122(6)
The Future of the Problem
128(1)
Summary
129(1)
Key Terms
130(1)
Suggested Readings
131(1)
Violence in Society: Rape and Murder
132(36)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
133(1)
The Scope of the Problem
134(4)
Looking at the Problem theoretically
138(5)
Nonsociological Theories
138(1)
Symbolic Interactionism
139(2)
Functionalism
141(1)
Conflict Theory
142(1)
Research Findings
143(1)
Rape
144(9)
The Natural History of Rape as a Social Problem
144(1)
The Social Patterns of Rape
145(2)
Profiling the Rapist
147(3)
Unreported Rapes
150(1)
Reactions to Rape
151(2)
Murder
153(9)
The Social Patterns of Murder
154(2)
Social Bases of the Social Patterns
156(6)
Social Policy
162(3)
Dealing with Offenders
162(1)
Dealing with Victims
163(1)
Preventing Violence
164(1)
The Future of the Problem
165(1)
Summary
166(1)
Key Terms
166(1)
Suggested Readings
167(1)
Crime and Criminal Justice
168(45)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
169(1)
The Scope of the Problem
170(4)
Crime as a Social Problem
170(1)
The Criminal Justice System as a Social Problem
171(3)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
174(6)
Symbolic Interactionism
175(1)
Functionalism
176(3)
Conflict Theory
179(1)
Research Findings
180(21)
Juvenile Delinquency
180(6)
White-Collar Crime
186(3)
Professional Crime
189(1)
Organized Crime
190(3)
Political Crime
193(1)
The Criminal Justice System
194(7)
Social Policy
201(8)
The Future of the Problem
209(1)
Summary
210(1)
Key Terms
211(1)
Suggested Readings
211(2)
PART III Problems of Social Inequality
Economic Problems: Wealth and Poverty
213(37)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
214(4)
Economic Systems and Changes
214(2)
Four Economic Problems Facing the United States
216(2)
The Nature of Poverty
218(1)
The Scope of the Problem
218(6)
Social Inequality
219(1)
Distribution of Income and Wealth
219(3)
The Extent and Impact of Poverty
222(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
224(4)
Symbolic Interactionism
224(1)
Functionalism
225(2)
Conflict Theory
227(1)
In Sum
228(1)
Research Findings
228(11)
Who Are the Poor?
228(3)
Is There a Culture of Poverty?
231(2)
Who Rules America?
233(5)
Inequality and Global Poverty
238(1)
Social Policy
239(7)
Historical Changes in Social Policy
239(2)
The Feminization of Poverty
241(1)
Progressive Taxation
241(1)
Four Types of Public Assistance Programs
242(1)
Private Agencies and Volunteer Organizations
243(1)
Regulating the Poor
244(1)
Giving the Poor More Money
245(1)
Education Accounts
245(1)
Providing Jobs
246(1)
The Future of the Problem
246(1)
Summary
247(1)
Key Terms
247(1)
Suggested Readings
248(2)
Race and Ethnic Relations
250(40)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
251(5)
The Scope of the Problem
256(8)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
264(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
264(2)
Functionalism
266(2)
Conflict Theory
268(1)
In Sum
269(1)
Research Findings
269(13)
Native Americans
270(3)
Latinos (Hispanics)
273(3)
African Americans
276(4)
Asian Americans
280(2)
Social Policy
282(3)
Encouraging Cultural Pluralism
282(1)
Preventing Ethnic Discrimination
283(1)
The Dilemma of Affirmative Action
283(1)
Principles for Improving Ethnic Relations
284(1)
The Future of the Problem
285(1)
Summary
286(1)
Key Terms
287(1)
Suggested Readings
288(2)
Sex Discrimination
290(35)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
291(1)
The Scope of the Problem
292(1)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
293(7)
Symbolic Interactionism
293(3)
Functionalism
296(3)
Conflict Theory
299(1)
Research Findings
300(17)
The Question of Natural Differences Between the Sexes
300(3)
Discrimination in Everyday Life
303(1)
Discrimination in Education
304(2)
The Mass Media
306(2)
The World of Politics
308(1)
The World of Work
309(4)
Why Is Our Work Force Segregated by Sex?
313(1)
Sexual Harassment
313(4)
Violence Against Women
317(1)
Social Policy
317(3)
An Area of Irreconcilable Ideologies
317(2)
The Battle Lines
319(1)
Ideology and Social Policy
320(1)
The Future of the Problem
320(2)
Summary
322(1)
Key Terms
322(1)
Suggested Readings
323(2)
Medical Care: Problems of Physical and Mental Illness
325(42)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
326(5)
The Social Nature of Health and Illness
327(1)
The Social Organization of Medicine as a Source of Problems
328(3)
The Scope of the Problem
331(7)
Illness as a Social Problem
331(7)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
338(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
338(2)
Functionalism
340(2)
Conflict Theory
342(1)
Research Findings
343(10)
An Overview of Health Problems
344(1)
How Disease Is Related to Behavior and Environment: The Case of AIDS
344(4)
Social Inequalities in Physical Illness
348(1)
Social Inequalities in Mental Illness
349(4)
Social Policy
353(9)
Being Paid to Stay Healthy
353(1)
Prepaid Medical Care
354(1)
Physician Extenders
355(1)
Training Physicians
355(1)
Outreach Services
356(1)
Practicing Preventive Medicine
357(4)
Humanizing Health Care
361(1)
Self-Care Groups
361(1)
The Future of the Problem
362(3)
Technology
362(1)
Redirecting Medicine
363(2)
Summary
365(1)
Key Terms
365(1)
Suggested Readings
366(1)
PART IV Social Change and Megaproblems
The Changing Family
367(38)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
368(3)
The Scope of the Problem
371(7)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
378(7)
Symbolic Interactionism
379(2)
Functionalism
381(2)
Conflict Theory
383(2)
Research Findings
385(10)
Cohabitation and the Changing Age at First Marriage
385(1)
Childlessness
386(1)
Family Violence
387(3)
Sexual Abuse in the Family
390(2)
Old Age and Widowhood
392(2)
The Death of the Family?
394(1)
Social Policy
395(5)
The Future of the Problem
400(2)
Summary
402(1)
Key Terms
403(1)
Suggested Readings
403(2)
Urban Problems
405(37)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
406(4)
The Scope of the Problem
410(1)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
410(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
411(2)
Functionalism
413(1)
Conflict Theory
414(1)
Research Findings
415(17)
Is the City Inherently Alienating?
415(5)
The Decline of the Central City
420(2)
Urban Violence
422(5)
The City in Change
427(3)
The Emerging Megalopolis
430(2)
Social Policy
432(4)
Specific Programs
433(2)
Educating the Poor
435(1)
The Future of the Problem
436(3)
Summary
439(1)
Key Terms
439(1)
Suggested Readings
440(2)
Population and Food
442(33)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
443(5)
The Scope of the Problem
448(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
450(6)
Symbolic Interactionism
450(2)
Functionalism
452(3)
Conflict Theory
455(1)
Research Findings
456(9)
The New Malthusians
456(2)
The Anti-Malthusians
458(2)
Has the Population Explosion Peaked?
460(1)
Problems in Forecasting Population Growth
461(1)
Does the United States Have a Population Problem?
462(3)
Social Policy
465(4)
Exporting Western Agriculture
465(1)
Policy Implications of the Anti-Malthusians
466(1)
Policy Implications of the New Malthusians
466(3)
Restructuring International Markets
469(1)
The Future of the Problem
469(4)
The New Malthusian Viewpoint
469(1)
The Anti-Malthusian Viewpoint
470(1)
The Long-Term Anti-Malthusian Viewpoint
471(1)
Which Will It Be?
471(2)
Summary
473(1)
Key Terms
473(1)
Suggested Readings
474(1)
The Environmental Crisis
475(42)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
476(2)
The Scope of the Problem
478(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
480(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
480(2)
Functionalism
482(1)
Conflict Theory
483(2)
Research Findings
485(21)
Air Pollution
485(2)
Land Pollution
487(2)
Water Pollution
489(2)
Toxic Chemicals
491(1)
Nuclear Pollution
492(2)
Food Pollution
494(3)
Pollution in the Industrializing Nations
497(2)
Getting the Other Side
499(1)
In Sum
500(1)
Energy and Resources
501(3)
The Coming Resolution
504(2)
Social Policy
506(6)
The Steady State Society
506(1)
Pollution
506(4)
Energy
510(1)
Determining National Priorities
511(1)
The Future of the Problem
512(2)
Summary
514(1)
Key Terms
515(1)
Suggested Readings
515(2)
War. Terrorism, and the Balance of Power
517(38)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
518(3)
The Scope of the Problem
521(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
523(4)
Symbolic Interactionism
523(1)
Functionalism
524(2)
Conflict Theory
526(1)
Research Findings
527(19)
What Reduces War? An Overview of Findings
527(1)
The Costs of War
528(5)
The Military-Industrial Complex
533(3)
The Possibility of Accidental War
536(4)
Biological and Chemical Warfare
540(1)
Political Terrorism
541(5)
Social Policy
546(4)
Political Terrorism
546(2)
Nuclear Warfare and the Elusive Path to Peace
548(2)
The Future of the Problem
550(2)
Summary
552(1)
Key Terms
553(1)
Suggested Readings
553(2)
Bibliography555(34)
Photo Credits589(2)
Name Index591(10)
Subject Index601

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