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Social Problems : A Down-to-Earth Approach

ISBN: 9780131105560 | 0131105566
Edition: 6th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
Pub. Date: 1/1/2003

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SummaryTable of Contents
For freshman- and sophomore-level courses in Social Problems. This theoretically balanced text provides a thorough understanding of major social problems facing the United Statestheir causes, consequences, likely future course, and what can be done about them. It provides students with the basic data and the sociological frameworks for interpreting those data. Extensive pedagogy helps students to easily understand potentially complex ideas and to relate concepts to their personal lives.
This theoretically balanced ... MORE
Boxesxv
Prefacexvii
PART I THE SOCIOLOGY OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS
How Sociologists View Social Problems: The Abortion Dilemma
1(23)
... MOREThe Sociological Imagination
2(1)
What Is a Social Problem?
3(4)
The Essential Elements of a Social Problem
3(2)
Social Problems Are Relative
5(2)
The Natural History of Social Problems
7(6)
The First Stage: Defining the Problem, the Emergence of Leaders, and Beginning to Organize
8(1)
The Second Stage: Crafting the Official Response
8(1)
The Third Stage: Reacting to the Official Response
9(1)
The Fourth Stage: Developing Alternative Strategies
10(3)
The Role of Sociology in Social Problems
13(8)
Sociology as a Tool for Breaking Through Emotions and Defenses
13(3)
Sociology and Common Sense
16(1)
Methods for Studying Social Problems
17(3)
Should Sociologists Take Sides?
20(1)
Should Sociologists Define Social Problems?
20(1)
The Working Consensus
21(1)
Summary
21(1)
Key Terms
22(1)
For Reference
23(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
23(1)
Interpreting Social Problems: Aging
24(24)
Sociological Theories and Social Problems
26(1)
Symbolic Interactionism and Social Problems
27(4)
The Development of Symbolic Interactionism
28(2)
Applying Symbolic Interactionism
30(1)
Symbolic Interactionism and Social Problems: A Summary
30(1)
Functionalism and Social Problems
31(5)
The Development of Functionalism
32(1)
Applying Functionalism to Social Problems
33(2)
Functionalism and Social Problems: A Summary
35(1)
Conflict Theory and Social Problems
36(3)
The Development of Conflict Theory
36(1)
Applying Conflict Theory to Social Problems
37(2)
Conflict Theory and Social Problems: A Summary
39(1)
The Future of the Problem: The Pendulum Swings
39(5)
Summary
44(1)
Key Terms
45(2)
Critical Thinking Questions
47(1)
PART II NORM VIOLATIONS IN SOCIAL CONTEXT
Prostitution, Homosexuality, and Pornography
48(38)
Sexual Behaviors as Social Problems
49(1)
Prostitution
50(12)
Background: Getting the Larger Picture
50(1)
Prostitution Viewed Theoretically: Applying Functionalism
51(2)
Research on Prostitution
53(9)
Homosexuality
62(11)
Background: Getting the Larger Picture
62(3)
Homosexuality Viewed Theoretically: Applying Conflict Theory
65(2)
Research on Homosexuality
67(5)
Differences Between Male and Female Homosexuals
72(1)
Pornography
73(6)
Background: Getting the Larger Picture
73(2)
Pornography Viewed Theoretically: Applying Symbolic Interactionism
75(1)
Controversy and Research on Pornography
76(3)
Social Policy
79(3)
Criminalization of Consensual Arts
79(1)
Alternatives to Criminalization
80(2)
The Future of the Problem
82(2)
Prostitution and the Future
82(1)
Homosexuality and the Future
83(1)
Pronography and the Future
84(1)
Summary
84(1)
Key Terms
85(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
85(1)
Alcohol and Other Drugs
86(44)
The Problem in Social Perspective
87(2)
The Scope of the Problem
89(3)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
92(7)
Symbolic Interactionism
92(2)
Functionalism
94(1)
Conflict Theory
95(4)
Research Findings
99(21)
The Medicalization of Human Problems
99(3)
The Effects of Drugs
102(1)
The Recreational Mood Elevators
102(12)
The Hallucinogens
114(2)
The Amphetamines and Barbiturates
116(1)
The Narcotics
117(3)
Social Policy
120(6)
The Future of the Problem
126(1)
Summary
127(1)
Key Terms
128(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
129(1)
Violence in Society: Rape and Murder
130(36)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
131(1)
The Scope of the Problem
132(3)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
135(6)
Nonsociological Theories
135(2)
Symbolic Interactionism
137(2)
Functionalism
139(1)
Conflict Theory
140(1)
In Sum
141(1)
Research Findings
141(1)
Rape
142(9)
The Natural History of Rape as a Social Problem
142(1)
The Social Patterns of Rape
143(2)
Profiling the Rapist
145(3)
Unreported Rapes
148(1)
Reactions to Rape
149(2)
Murder
151(9)
The Social Patterns of Murder
152(2)
Social Bases of the Social Patterns
154(6)
Social Policy
160(3)
Dealing with Offenders
160(1)
Dealing with Victims
161(1)
Preventing Violence
162(1)
The Future of the Problem
163(1)
Summary
164(1)
Key Terms
164(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
165(1)
Crime and Criminal Justice
166(45)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
167(1)
The Scope of the Problem
168(4)
Crime as a Social Problem
168(1)
The Criminal Justice System as a Social Problem
169(3)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
172(6)
Symbolic Interactionism
173(1)
Functionalism
174(3)
Conflict Theory
177(1)
Research Findings
178(21)
Juvenile Delinquency
178(6)
White-Collar Crime
184(3)
Professional Crime
187(1)
Organized Crime
188(3)
Political Crime
191(1)
The Criminal Justice System
192(7)
Social Policy
199(8)
The Future of the Problem
207(1)
Summary
208(1)
Key Terms
209(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
209(2)
PART III PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY
Economic Problems: Wealth and Poverty
211(36)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
212(4)
Economic Systems and Changes
212(2)
Four Economic Problems Facing the United States
214(2)
The Nature of Poverty
216(1)
The Scope of the Problem
216(6)
Social Inequality
217(1)
Distribution of Income and Wealth
217(3)
The Extent and Impact of Poverty
220(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
222(4)
Symbolic Interactionism
222(1)
Functionalism
223(1)
Conflict Theory
224(2)
In Sum
226(1)
Research Findings
226(11)
Who Are the Poor?
226(3)
Is There a Culture of Poverty?
229(2)
Who Rules America?
231(5)
Inequality and Global Poverty
236(1)
Social Policy
237(7)
Historical Changes in Social Policy
237(2)
The Feminization of Poverty
239(1)
Progressive Taxation
239(1)
Four Types of Public Assistance Programs
240(1)
Private Agencies and Volunteer Organizations
241(1)
Regulating the Poor
242(1)
Giving the Poor More Money
243(1)
Education Accounts
243(1)
Providing Jobs
244(1)
The Future of the Problem
244(1)
Summary
245(1)
Key Terms
245(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
246(1)
Race and Ethnic Relations
247(38)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
248(5)
The Scope of the Problem
253(7)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
260(6)
Symbolic Interactionism
260(2)
Functionalism
262(2)
Conflict Theory
264(1)
In Sum
265(1)
Research Findings
266(13)
Native Americans
267(3)
Latinos (Hispanics)
270(3)
African Americans
273(3)
Asian Americans
276(3)
Social Policy
279(2)
Encouraging Cultural Pluralism
279(1)
Preventing Ethnic Discrimination
279(1)
The Dilemma of Affirmative Action
280(1)
Principles for Improving Ethnic Relations
281(1)
The Future of the Problem
281(2)
Summary
283(1)
Key Terms
283(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
284(1)
Sex Discrimination
285(34)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
286(1)
The Scope of the Problem
287(1)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
288(7)
Symbolic Interactionism
288(3)
Functionalism
291(3)
Conflict Theory
294(1)
Research Findings
295(17)
The Question of Natural Differences Between the Sexes
295(3)
Discrimination in Everyday Life
298(1)
Discrimination in Education
299(2)
The Mass Media
301(2)
The World of Politics
303(1)
The World of Work
304(4)
Why Is Our Work Force Segregated by Sex?
308(1)
Sexual Harassment
308(4)
Violence Against Women
312(1)
Social Policy
312(3)
An Area of Irreconcilable Ideologies
312(2)
The Battle Lines
314(1)
Ideology and Social Policy
315(1)
The Future of the Problem
315(2)
Summary
317(1)
Key Terms
318(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
318(1)
Medical Care: Problems of Physical and Mental Illness
319(42)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
320(5)
The Social Nature of Health and Illness
321(1)
The Social Organization of Medicine as a Source of Problems
322(3)
The Scope of the Problem
325(7)
Illness as a Social Problem
325(7)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
332(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
332(2)
Functionalism
334(2)
Conflict Theory
336(1)
Research Findings
337(10)
An Overview of Health Problems
338(1)
How Disease is Related to Behavior and Environment: The Case of AIDS
338(4)
Social Inequalities in Physical Illness
342(1)
Social Inequalities in Mental Illness
343(4)
Social Policy
347(9)
Being Paid to Stay Healthy
347(1)
Prepaid Medical Care
348(1)
Physician Extenders
349(1)
Training Physicians
349(1)
Outreach Services
350(1)
Practicing Preventive Medicine
351(4)
Humanizing Health Care
355(1)
Self-Care Groups
355(1)
The Future of the Problem
356(3)
Technology
356(1)
Redirecting Medicine
357(2)
Summary
359(1)
Key Terms
359(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
360(1)
PART IV SOCIAL CHANGE AND MEGAPROBLEMS
The Changing Family
361(37)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
362(3)
The Scope of the Problem
365(7)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
372(7)
Symbolic Interactionism
373(2)
Functionalism
375(2)
Conflict Theory
377(2)
Research Findings
379(10)
Cohabitation and the Changing Age at First Marriage
379(1)
Childlessness
380(1)
Family Violence
381(3)
Sexual Abuse in the Family
384(2)
Old Age and Widowhood
386(2)
The Death of the Family?
388(1)
Social Policy
389(5)
The Future of the Problem
394(2)
Summary
396(1)
Key Terms
397(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
397(1)
Urban Problems
398(36)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
399(4)
The Scope of the Problem
403(1)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
403(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
404(2)
Functionalism
406(1)
Conflict Theory
407(1)
Research Findings
408(17)
Is the City Inherently Alienating?
408(5)
The Decline of the Central City
413(2)
Urban Violence
415(5)
The City in Change
420(3)
The Emerging Megalopolis
423(2)
Social Policy
425(4)
Specific Programs
426(2)
Educating the Poor
428(1)
The Future of the Problem
429(3)
Summary
432(1)
Key Terms
432(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
433(1)
Population and Food
434(33)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
435(5)
The Scope of the Problem
440(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
442(6)
Symbolic Interactionism
442(2)
Functionalism
444(3)
Conflict Theory
447(1)
Research Findings
448(9)
The New Malthusians
448(2)
The Anti-Malthusians
450(2)
Has the Population Explosion Peaked?
452(1)
Problems in Forecasting Population Growth
453(1)
Does the United States Have a Population Problem?
454(3)
Social Policy
457(4)
Exploring Western Agriculture
457(1)
Policy Implications of the Anti-Malthusians
458(1)
Policy Implications of the New Malthusians
458(3)
Restructuring International Markets
461(1)
The Future of the Problem
461(4)
The New Malthusian Viewpoint
461(1)
The Anti-Malthusian Viewpoint
462(1)
The Long-Term Anti-Mathusian Viewpoint
463(1)
Which Will It Be?
463(2)
Summary
465(1)
Key Terms
465(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
466(1)
The Environmental Crisis
467(41)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
468(2)
The Scope of the Problem
470(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
472(5)
Symbolic Interactionism
472(2)
Functionalism
474(1)
Conflict Theory
475(2)
Research Findings
477(21)
Air Pollution
477(2)
Land Pollution
479(2)
Water Pollution
481(2)
Toxic Chemicals
483(1)
Nuclear Pollution
484(2)
Food Pollution
486(3)
Pollution in the Industrializing Nations
489(2)
Getting the Other Side
491(1)
In Sum
492(1)
Energy and Resources
493(3)
The Coming Resolution
496(2)
Social Policy
498(6)
The Steady State Society
498(1)
Pollution
498(4)
Energy
502(1)
Determining National Priorities
503(1)
The Future of the Problem
504(2)
Summary
506(1)
Key Terms
507(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
507(1)
War, Terrorism, and the Balance of Power
508(39)
The Problem in Sociological Perspective
509(3)
The Scope of the Problem
512(2)
Looking at the Problem Theoretically
514(4)
Symbolic Interactionism
514(1)
Functionalism
515(2)
Conflict Theory
517(1)
Research Findings
518(20)
What Reduces War? An Overview of Findings
518(1)
The Costs of War
519(6)
The Military-Industrial Complex
525(2)
The Possibility of Accidental War
527(4)
Biological and Chemical Warfare
531(1)
Political Terrorism
532(6)
Social Policy
538(4)
Political Terrorism
539(1)
Nuclear Warfare and the Elusive Path to Peace
539(3)
The Future of the Problem
542(2)
Summary
544(1)
Key Terms
545(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
545(2)
Bibliography547(34)
Photo Credits581(2)
Name Index583(12)
Subject Index595

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