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| About the Authors | |
| Preface to the Third Edition | |
| Nomenclature | |
| Dimensions and Units | |
| Fundamental Concepts | |
| Separation Processes | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Industrial Chemical Processes | |
| Basic Separation Techniques | |
| Separations by Phase Addition or Creation | |
| Separations by Barriers | ... MORE|
| Separations by Solid Agents | |
| Separations by External Field or Gradient | |
| Component Recoveries and Product Purities | |
| Separation Factor | |
| Introduction to Bioseparations | |
| Selection of Feasible Separations | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Thermodynamics of Separation Operations | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Energy, Entropy, and Availability Balances | |
| Phase Equilibria | |
| Ideal-Gas, Ideal-Liquid-Solution Model | |
| Graphical Correlations of Thermodynamic Properties | |
| Nonideal Thermodynamic Property Models | |
| Liquid Activity-Coefficient Models | |
| Difficult Mixtures | |
| Selecting an Appropriate Model | |
| Thermodynamic Activity of Biological Species | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Mass Transfer and Diffusion | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Steady-State, Ordinary Molecular Diffusion | |
| Diffusion Coefficients (Diffusivities) | |
| Steady- and Unsteady-State Mass Transfer Through Stationary Media | |
| Mass Transfer in Laminar Flow | |
| Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flow | |
| Models for Mass Transfer in Fluids with a Fluid-Fluid Interface | |
| Two-Film Theory and Overall Mass-Transfer Coefficients | |
| Molecular Mass Transfer in Terms of Other Driving Forces | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Single Equilibrium Stages and Flash Calculations | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Gibbs Phase Rule and Degrees of Freedom | |
| Binary Vapor-Liquid Systems | |
| Binary Azeotropic Systems | |
| Multicomponent Flash, Bubble-Point, and Dew-Point Calculations | |
| Ternary Liquid-Liquid Systems | |
| Multicomponent Liquid-Liquid Systems | |
| Solid-Liquid Systems | |
| Gas-Liquid Systems | |
| Gas-Solid Systems | |
| Multiphase Systems | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Cascades and Hybrid Systems | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Cascade Configurations | |
| Solid-Liquid Cascades | |
| Single-Section Extraction Cascades | |
| Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Cascades | |
| Membrane Cascades | |
| Hybrid Systems | |
| Degrees of Freedom and Specifications for Cascades | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Separations By Phase Addition or Creation | |
| Absorption and Stripping of Dilute Mixtures | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Equipment for Vapor-Liquid Separations | |
| General Design Considerations | |
| Graphical Method for Trayed Towers | |
| Algebraic Method for Determining N | |
| Stage Efficiency and Column Height for Trayed Columns | |
| Flooding, Column Diameter, Pressure Drop, and Mass Transfer for Trayed Columns | |
| Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns | |
| Packed-Column Liquid Holdup, Diameter, Flooding, Pressure Drop, and Mass-Transfer | |
| Efficiency | |
| Concentrated Solutions in Packed Columns | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Distillation of Binary Mixtures | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Equipment and Design Considerations | |
| McCabe-Thiele Graphical Method for Trayed Towers | |
| Extensions of the McCabe-Thiele Method | |
| Estimation of Stage Efficiency for Distillation | |
| Column and Reflux-Drum Diameters | |
| Rate-Based Method for Packed Distillation Columns | |
| Introduction to the Ponchon-Savarit Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method for Trayed | |
| Towers | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Liquid-Liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Equipment for Solvent Extraction | |
| General Design Considerations | |
| Hunter-Nash Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method | |
| Maloney-Schubert Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method | |
| Theory and Scale-up of Extractor Performance | |
| Extraction of Bioproducts | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Approximate Methods for Multicomponent, Multistage Separations | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland (FUG) Method | |
| Kremser Group Method | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Equilibrium-Based Methods for Multicomponent Absorption, Stripping, | |
| Distillation, and Extraction | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Theoretical Model for an Equilibrium Stage | |
| Strategy of Mathematical Solution | |
| Equation-Tearing Procedures | |
| Newton-Raphson (NR) Method | |
| Inside-Out Method | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Enhanced Distillation and Supercritical Extraction | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Use of Triangular Graphs | |
| Extractive Distillation | |
| Salt Distillation | |
| Pressure-Swing Distillation | |
| Homogeneous Azeotropic Distillation | |
| Heterogeneous Azeotropic Distillation | |
| Reactive Distillation | |
| Supercritical-Fluid Extraction | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Rate-Based Models for Vapor-Liquid Separation Operations | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Rate-Based Model | |
| Thermodynamic Properties and Transport-Rate Expressions | |
| Methods for Estimating Transport Coefficients and Interfacial Area | |
| Vapor and Liquid Flow Patterns | |
| Method of Calculation | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Batch Distillation | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Differential Distillation | |
| Binary Batch Rectification | |
| Batch Stripping and Complex Batch Distillation | |
| Effect of Liquid Holdup | |
| Shortcut Method for Batch Rectification | |
| Stage-by-Stage Methods for Batch Rectification | |
| Intermediate-cut Strategy | |
| Optimal Control by Variation of Reflux Ratio | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Separations By Barriers and Solid Agents | |
| Membrane Separations | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Membrane Materials | |
| Membrane Modules | |
| Transport in Membranes | |
| Dialysis | |
| Electrodialysis | |
| Reverse Osmosis | |
| Gas Permeation | |
| Pervaporation | |
| Membranes in Bioprocessing | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Adsorption, Ion Exchange, Chromatography, and Electrophoresis | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Sorbents | |
| Equilibrium Considerations | |
| Kinetic and Transport Considerations | |
| Equipment for Sorption Systems | |
| Slurry and Fixed-Bed Adsorption Systems | |
| Continuous, Countercurrent Adsorption Systems | |
| Ion-Exchange Cycle | |
| Electrophoresis | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| SEPARATIONS THAT INVOLVE A SOLID PHASE | |
| Leaching and Washing | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Equipment for Leaching | |
| Equilibrium-Stage Model for Leaching and Washing | |
| Rate-Based Model for Leaching | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Crystallization, Desublimation, and Evaporation | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Crystal Geometry | |
| Thermodynamic Considerations | |
| Kinetics and Mass Transfer | |
| Equipment for Solution Crystallization | |
| The MSMPR Crystallization Model | |
| Precipitation | |
| Melt Crystallization | |
| Zone Melting | |
| Desublimation | |
| Evaporation | |
| Bioproduct Crystallization | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Drying of Solids | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Drying Equipment | |
| Psychrometry | |
| Equilibrium-Moisture Content of Solids | |
| Drying Periods | |
| Dryer Models | |
| Drying of Bioproducts | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Mechanical Separation of Phases | |
| Mechanical Phase Separations | |
| Instructional Objectives | |
| Separation-Device Selection | |
| Industrial Particle-Separator Devices | |
| Design of Particle Separators | |
| Design of Solid-Liquid Cake-Filtration Devices Based on Pressure Gradients | |
| Centrifuge Devices for Solid-Liquid Separations | |
| Wash Cycles | |
| Mechanical Separations in Biotechnology | |
| Summary References Study Questions Exercises | |
| Answers to Selected Exercises | |
| Index | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |