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The summer before entering sixth grade, Sammy, a bright and charming boy who lived on the coast of Maine, suddenly began to exhibit disturbing behavior. He walked and ate with his eyes shut, refused to bathe, burst into fits of rage, slithered against walls, and used his limbs instead of his hands to touch light switches, doorknobs, and faucets. Sammy's mother, Beth, already coping with the overwhelming responsibility of raising three sons alone, watched helplessly as her middle child descended into madness. Sammy was soon diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and later with Tourette syndrome. Unwilling to accept the doctors' prognoses for lifelong mental illness and repeated hospitalizations, Beth fought to uncover what was causing this decline. Racing against time as Sammy slipped further from reality, Beth's quest took her to the center of the medical community's raging debate about whether mental illness can be caused by infection. With the battle lines firmly drawn, Beth searched until she found two cutting-edge doctors who answered that question with a definitive yes. Together, they cured Sammy. Five years later, he remains symptom free. Driven by her desire to help others, Beth Maloney has infused every page of this triumphant journey with heart and passion. An important story,Saving Sammyis part manifesto, part medical mystery, but is at its heart the empowering and inspiring story of a mother's determination to save her son, take on the medical establishmentand win. From the Hardcover edition.

BETH ALISON MALONEY is a successful Maine attorney and guardian ad litem. Before moving to Maine, she was an executive and attorney in the motion picture and television business in Los Angeles. Saving Sammy is her first book.

From the Hardcover edition.

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Daniel A. Geller, M.D.
Director, Pediatric OCD Program
Massachusetts General Hospital
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yawkey 6A
55 Fruit Street
Boston, MA 02114

Dear Dr. Geller:
Enclosed please find the completed registration forms for
my son Sammy. As you know, we are coming to see you next
week on the advice of Dr. Catherine Nicolaides of Marlton,
New Jersey.

I thought it would be helpful to provide you with this
overview of Sammy's history and current behaviors. The
problems suddenly started sixteen months ago, shortly after he
turned twelve. Among other things, he stopped eating and lost
twenty pounds.

Sammy does not seem to have obsessions, but he certainly
has compulsions. His compulsions fall into two categories: rituals
and avoidance.

He likes to start the morning with something he calls "the
usual." When he asks for the usual, that means he wants five
drinks: milk, orange juice, apple juice, pink lemonade, and
grape juice. He pinches his nose when he sips and drinks
them in a certain order. The drinks do not all have to be at the
same level in the cups. They do not have to be in any particular
cups. He just needs all five juices, every morning.

He has to go through a series of complicated motions before
he'll go into the bathroom, before he comes back into the house
from being outside, when he first gets into the house, or when
he walks through a parking lot—in short, everywhere he goes.
This might involve swirling his legs, ducking, crawling, rolling
his head on his neck, stepping sideways, or high-stepping over a
nonexistent barrier. At our home, he has to do these in the exact
same spot each time. The ritual itself might be different, but the
spot does not vary. It is a major effort for him to walk upstairs in
the house. He has to hold his breath while he runs up the stairs,
stopping midway on the landing to duck his head into a cabinet
and gasp for air. When he needs to do a whole series of compulsive
behaviors, we have to leave the room. I don't know if this is
so that we don't see him or so he can give the routine his full
attention—and thus do it exactly right.

There are many things he avoids, including all mats, doors,
and faucets. He does not shower or brush his teeth except at
the hotel where we stay in New Jersey (when we go to see Dr.
Nicolaides). Even then, he does not use soap. He told me that
he is going to try to take showers at home, at noon, on Saturdays,
beginning this weekend.

He is very careful about what he touches and what
touches him. Hugs are out of the question. He does not flush
the toilet. He does not wash his hands. He does not touch
light switches. He does not touch his food. He uses either
utensils (only those with a silver handle) or a paper towel or
napkin to hold, for example, a slice of toast. He will not open
a door (house or car). He will not step on a rug. He avoids or
jumps over the white stripes in a parking lot.

He has started answering the telephone, using a tissue to
grasp the receiver, but he holds it away from his ear and shouts.
At the computer, he previously covered the mouse with a napkin,
but lately he touches it directly. He prefers to run outside
to urinate, rather than enter the bathroom (about which he
thinks I don't know). But because he cannot touch a door
handle, he must find someone to open the outside door. If he
can't find someone, he will use the bathroom because I make
certain the door is always left ajar.

He will not wear a coat or jacket. If it's raining, he gets
wet. If it's freezing, he gets cold.

Last year he would not wear socks or shoes. Now he wears
socks all the time, wears shoes whenever he goes outside, and
cringes if anyone is in bare feet. Consequently, we must all
wear socks at all times. Even sandals are a problem. The issue is
primarily bare toes, but heels are also troublesome.

He only likes to wear certain colors—preferably khaki and
green. For a while he wore the same clothes for months, but
thankfully he now changes them at least once a week.

He would never hurt himself or anyone else.

If he thinks he is being too demanding, he gets teary-eyed.

He used to ask me to do certain rituals (such as carry his
food a certain way), but I wasn't especially cooperative. He no
longer asks.

I'm tired just from typing all this loopy stuff, so it must be
a full day's work for him to keep it straight.

He is not able to attend school. A tutor comes to the house.

He stands and moves in the shape of an upside-down L.

Prior to the onset sixteen months ago, Sammy did not exhibit
any of the behaviors outlined above, with one exception.
Four years ago, in the winter of third grade, he started having
a tough time. He would curl the fingers of his left hand up and
into his sleeve. We eventually figured out that he had a learning
disability in reading. With a special reading program in place to
address this challenge, the hand gradually dropped down and
out of the sleeve.

I have enclosed a chart tracking Sammy's medication history.
Thank you very much, and we look forward to meeting
you.

Odds are he'll be the one wearing the khaki pants and
green shirt.

Beth Maloney
Kennebunkport, Maine

cc: Dr. Catherine Nicolaides
Dr. Conner Moore

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Saving Sammy

Saving Sammy

030746184X

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