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Sample Size Determination and Power

by: Ryan, Thomas P.

Sample Size Determination and Power

by: Ryan, Thomas P.

ISBN 13:
9781118437605
ISBN 10:
1118437608
Edition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 07/22/2013
Publisher: Wiley

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Sample Size Determination and Power > ISBN13: 9781118437605

Summary

Featuring a comprehensive approach to sample size determination for general statistical use, this book uniquely blends applications from a variety of fields including statistics, biostatistics, the health sciences, and engineering. Topical coverage includes: hypothesis testing concepts and issues; confidence intervals; multivariate and factor analysis; computer-aided trial design; sample size determination methods; means and variances; epidemiology; microarrays; survival analysis; proportions and rates; regression methods and correlation; experimental designs; clinical trials; quality improvement; survival analysis and reliability; and nonparametric methods.

Author Biography

THOMAS P. RYAN, PhD, teaches online advanced statistics courses for Northwestern University and The Institute for Statistics Education in sample size determination, design of experiments, engineering statistics, and regression analysis.

Preface

Chapter 1 Brief Review of Hypothesis Testing Concepts/Issues and Confidence Intervals

1.1 Basic Concepts of Hypothesis Testing

1.2 Review of Confidence Intervals and Their Relationship to Hypothesis Tests

1.3 Sports Applications

1.4 Observed Power, Retrospective Power, Conditional Power, and Predictive Power

1.5 Testing for Equality, Equivalence, Non-Inferiority, or Superiority

References

Exercises

Chapter 2 Methods of Determining Sample Size

2.1 Internal Pilot Study versus External Pilot Study

2.2 Examples: Frequentist and Bayesian

2.3 Finite Populations

2.4 Sample Sizes for Confidence Intervals

2.5 Specification of Power

2.6 Cost of Sampling

2.7 Ethical Considerations

2.8 Standardization and Specification of Effect Sizes

2.9 Equivalence Tests

2.10 Software and Applets

2.11 Summary

References

Exercises

Chapter 3 Means and Variances

3.1 One Mean, Normality, and Known Standard Deviation

3.1.1 Using the Coefficient of Variation

3.2 One Mean, Standard Deviation Unknown, Normality Assumed

3.3 Confidence Intervals on Power and/or Sample Size

3.4 One Mean, Standard Deviation Unknown, Non-normality Assumed

3.5 One Mean, Exponential Distribution

3.6 Two Means, Known Standard Deviations -- Independent Samples

3.7 Two Means, Unknown but Equal Standard Deviations -- Independent Samples

3.8 Two Means, Unequal Variances and Sample Sizes -- Independent Samples

3.9 Two Means, Unknown and Unequal Standard Deviations -- Independent Samples

3.10 Two Means, Known and Unknown Standard Deviations -- Dependent Samples

3.11 Bayesian Methods for Comparing Means

3.12 One Variance or Standard Deviation

3.13 Two Variances

3.14 More Than Two Variances

3.15 Confidence Intervals

3.16 Relative Precision

Chapter 4 Proportions and Rates

4.1 One Proportion

4.2 Two Proportions

4.3 Multiple Proportions

4.4 Multinomial Probabilities and Distributions

4.5 One Rate

4.6 Two Rates

4.7 Bayesian Sample Size Determination for Rates

Chapter 5 Regression Methods and Correlation

5.1 Linear Regression

5.2 Logistic Regression

5.3 Cox Regression

5.4 Poisson Regression

5.5 Nonlinear Regression

5.6 Other Types of Regression Models

Chapter 6 Experimental Designs

6.1 One Factor -- Two Fixed Levels

6.2 One Factor -- More Than Two Fixed Levels

6.3 Two Factors

6.4 2 Designs 􀀀

6.5 2 Designs _____

6.6 Detecting Conditional Effects

6.7 General Factorial Designs

6.8 Repeated Measures Designs

6.9 Response Surface Designs

6.10 Microarray experiments

6.11 Other Designs

6.12 Designs for Nonnormal Responses

6.13 Designs with Random Factors

6.14 Zero Patient Design

6.15 Computer Experiments

6.16 Noninferiority and Equivalence Designs

6.17 Pharmacokinetic Experiments

6.18 Bayesian Experimental Design

Chapter 7 Clinical Trials

7.1 Clinical Trials

7.2 Bioequivalence Studies

7.3 Ethical Considerations

7.4 The Use of Power in Clinical Studies

7.5 Preclinical Experimentation

7.6 Pharmacodynamic, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacogenetic Experiments

7.7 Method of Competing Probability

7.8 Bayesian Methods

7.9 Cost and Other Sample Size Determination Methods for Clinical Trials

7.10 Meta-analyses of Clinical Trials

7.11 Miscellaneous

7.12 Survey Results of Published Articles

Chapter 8 Quality Improvement

8.1 Control Charts

8.2 Medical Applications

8.3 Process Capability Indices

8.4 Tolerance Intervals

8.5 Measurement System Appraisal

8.6 Acceptance Sampling

8.7 Reliability and Life Testing

Chapter 9 Survival Analysis and Reliability

9.1 Survival Analysis

9.2 Reliability Analysis

9.3 Summary

References

Chapter 10 Nonparametric Methods

10.1 Wilcoxon One-Sample Test

10.2 Wilcoxon Two-Sample Test (Mann-Whitney Test)

10.3 Kruskal-Wallis One-Way ANOVA

10.4 Sign Test

10.5 McNemar's Test

10.6 Contingency Tables

10.7 Quasi-Likelihood Method

10.8 Rank Correlation Coefficients

Chapter 11 Miscellaneous Topics

11.1 Case-Control Studies

11.2 Epidemiology

11.3 Longitudinal Studies

11.4 Microarray Studies

11.5 Receiver Operating Characteristic ROC Curves

11.6 Meta-Analyses

11.7 Sequential Sample Sizes

11.8 Sample Surveys

11.9 Cluster Sampling

11.10 Factor Analysis

11.11 Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Other Multivariate Methods

11.12 Structural Equation Modeling

11.13 Multilevel Modeling

11.14 Prediction Intervals

11.15 Measures of Agreement

11.16 Spatial Statistics

11.17 Agricultural Applications

11.18 Estimating the Number of Unseen Species

11.19 Test Reliability

11.20 Agreement Studies

11.21 Genome-Wide Association Studies

11.22 National Security

11.23 Miscellaneous

11.24 Summary

References

Supplemental Materials

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