Part I • The Writing Process

Chapter 1 • The Writing Process

Introduction

The Writing Process—A Holistic View

The Writing Process—A Deconstructed View

What I Learned

Applying What I Learned

Working with What I Learned

Chapter 2 • Invention/Prewriting Strategies

Introduction    

Strategies

            Free Writing/Power Writing      

            Clustering  

            Brainstorming

            Journalistic Questions

            Research

            Interviewing 

Do We Write Now?

            Free Writing/Power Writing

            Clustering

            Brainstorming

            Journalistic

            Research

What I Learned

Applying What I Learned

Working with What I Learned

Chapter 3  • Pre-Drafting:  Elements to Consider

Introduction

Purpose, Modes, and Genre

            To Entertain

            To Reflect/Express—Genres

                        Journals

                        Personal Narrative

                                    From “Mama Sarah” Fortuna Benudiz Ippoliti                          

            To Inform—Modes

                        Descriptive Writing

                        Comparison and Contrast

                        Cause and Effect

                                    From “Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends” Gina Kolata

                        Exemplification

                        Definition

                        Division and Classification

                        Process Analysis

                                    Ghirardelli™ Individual Chocolate Lava Cakes (advertisement)

                        Research, Exposition, Summary, Analysis

            To Inform—Genres                

                        Research

                        Process Analysis

                        Movie Review

                                    From “Hogwarts Under Siege” A. O. Scott 

            Purpose—Persuade

                        Op-Ed Piece

                                    From “Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends”  Gina Kolata

                        Personal Narrative

                                    From “The Heart of the City” Terrell F. Dixon 

                        Advertisements

                                    Mr. Goodwrench

                                    The Starfish Story

                                    Teddy Grahams

Audience

            Geo. H. Lewis & Sons (advertisement)

Tone                             

What I Learned

Applying What I Learned

Working with What I Learned

Chapter 4  • Drafting the Academic Informative Essay

Introduction

Building the Essay

            Step One—Invention

            Step Two—The Thesis

            Step Three—The Introduction

            Step Four—The Body Paragraphs

            Step Five—Transitions

            Step Six—The Conclusion

            Step Seven—The Sources

            Step Eight—The Complete First Draft

                        Allison’s Fury

What I Learned 

Applying What I Learned 

Working with What I Learned

Chapter 5  • Peer Review and Revision

Introduction

The Reading-Writing Connection

            Expectations

            The Editing Process

                        Editing for Purpose

                        Editing for Audience

                        Commentary

                        The Rubric for Structure, Organization, and Development

                        Commentary                        

Revision

            How to Use Your Review

                        Editing for Audience

            Commentary

            Completing Your Revisions

What I Learned               

Applying What I Learned

Working with What I Learned

Chapter 6  • Editing and Formatting

Introduction

Grammar Phobia

            The Mechanics Profile

Formatting MLA Style 

What I Learned

Applying What I Learned 

Working with What I Learned

Part II  • Genre Construction

Chapter 7  • To Reflect and Express

Introduction

Journals

            Personal Reflection Journals

                        A Marine at War—Journal Entry—Persian Gulf

                                    War Narrative     Jason Douglas

            Pre-Reading and Reader Response Journals

                        Student Reader Responses

            Genre Construction

Letters

            The Personal Letter

                        Making Peace with My Dad; Making Peace With Myself Mari Carmen Marin

            The Formal Business Letter

            The Letter of Application

            Genre Construction

Autobiographical Narratives

            The Closed Form Narrative

                        Waste, A County Fair Tale Leilani Hall 

            The Open Form Narrative

                        The Cat Under the Bed:  Growing Up SurvivorPatricia Lee Yongue

            Chronological Organization

            Spatial Organization

                        The Lost Bills

Genre Construction

            Invention

                        Pre-Drafting

                        Drafting

                        Peer Editing

                                    Editing for Purpose

                                    Editing for Audience

                        Commentary 

                        Revision

                        Editing and Formatting

                                    Rubric for Structure, Organization, and Development

Memoir          

            From Memory of Walking Antonio Jocson                                                           

            Genre Construction

Chapter 8  • To Inform

Introduction

The Multi-Mode Essay

            From “The Classroom and the Wider Culture:  Identity as Key to Learning English Composition “ Fan Shen

            “Cultural Tyranny”  Gloria Anzaldúa

Genre Construction

            Editing for Purpose

            Editing for Audience

            The Rubric for Structure, Organization, and Development

Advertisements      

            “Is This Where Your Teen Goes to Get High?”

Newspaper and Magazine Articles

            Newspaper Articles

                        “War on Words Heats Up in Immigration Debate” Lini Kadaba

            Magazine Articles

                        From “In the Hot Seat”  Chryso D’Angelo 

            The Movie Review               

                        Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007):Hogwarts Under Siege A.O. Scott

            Genre Construction

Chapter 9  • To Persuade and Convince

Introduction                                     

What Is Argument?

            Purpose

            A Debatable Topic and Its Thesis

            Evidence                 

            Appeals

            Strategies—Conceding Points

            Strategies—Refuting Points

            Changing Positions

Reading Argument           

            Suggestions for Reading Argument

            Personal Argument

                        I Am a Housewife Elisa Garza

            The Traditional Formal Argument

                        Time to Lower the Drinking Age Joseph McDade

            A Second Reading 

            Preparing to Write about an Argument

                        Some Things Can Wait

Reading Other Argumentative Genres

            The Op-Ed Piece

                        The Potterparazzi     Lisa M. Virgoe

            The Editorial and Political Cartoons

                        Justice     Pat Oliphant 

                        Obesity     Doug N. Marlette

                        Clemens and Steroids     Mike Luckovich 

            The Advertisement

Evaluating Genres        

Chapter 10  • Writing Argument

Introduction

The Argument    

            The Topic—Invention 

            Pre-Drafting

                        Appeals and Structure

                                    Logos 

                                    Rogerian Argument

                                    Pathos

                                    Ethos 

                        Logical Fallacies

                                    The Either/Or Fallacy, or the False Dilemma

                                    The False Analogy

                                    The Red Herring

                                    The Bandwagon Fallacy

                        Generalizations

                                    Hasty

                                    Sweeping

                                    Stereotypes

            Drafting

            Peer Editing 

                        Editing for Purpose

                        Editing for Audience

                        The Rubric for Structure, Organization, and Development

                        Commentary

            Revision

            Formatting and Editing

            Revision Revisited

The Traditionally Constructed Argumentative Essay

            Structure

            The Writing Process Deferred

            The Prompt for a 90-Minute Argumentative Essay Assignment

                        Stronger Standards for Admission

            The Final Draft

Evaluating Genres

Genre Construction

Part III · Reading about Personal Issues

Chapter 11 • Identity:  How Do I Construct My Identity?

Introduction

Visual Literacy

            Community College Street Festival (Photograph)     Linda Daigle 

            Paris Wedding (Photograph)     Linda Daigle

            Traditions?     Elizabeth R. Kessler

Pausing to Consider                           

Reading about College and Young Adult Identity

            “Who Shall I Be?”  The Allure of a Fresh Start     Jennifer Crichton

            My Deep Dark Secret?  I Miss My Family     Hadley Moore

            The Classroom and the Wider Culture:  Identity as a Key to Learning English Composition Fan Shen 

Reading about Social/Ethnic Identity

            “Blaxicans” and Other Reinvented Americans     Richard Rodriguez 

            A Conversion Unveiled     Yvonne Ridley 

            The Price of Being “Americanized”  Michael Novak

Reading about Gender and Sexual Identity

            Never Quite Male or Female, It’s Her Decision  Now  Sarah Viren

            The Boy’s Desire     Richard Rodriguez 

Reflections on Identity                                

Reflecting to Write                        

Chapter 12  • Body Image and Health:  How Do I Construct My Physical Being?

Introduction

Visual Literacy 

            Lost Identity, I (Photograph)     Franka Bruns

            Guerneville 1980 (Photograph)     Anja Leigh Russell 

            Asian Beauty (Photograph)     Linda Daigle           

            Surviving Beautifully  (Photograph)     Elizabeth Kessler 

Pausing to Consider

Reading about the Male Body

            Son of a Pretty Boy     Andrew Brininstool 

Reading about Weight

            The Radius of Beauty Leilani Hall 

            Fat and Happy:  In Defense Acceptance Mary Ray Worley                                

            Why Don’t They Just Eat?

Reading about Beauty

            Miss America:  More than a Beauty Queen?  Kate Shindle

            Finding My Eye-dentity Olivia Chung

Reflections on Body Image and Health

Reflecting to Write

Chapter 13 • Education and Work:  How Do I Construct My Mind and My Career?

Introduction        

Visual Literacy

            Professional Business Cards

                        Real Estate Card     Patti Diller    

                        Veterinarian Card

            Lipitor (Advertisement)

Pausing to Consider

Reading about Traditional Ways of Education 

            Forget the Fads—The Old Ways Work Best     Evan Keliher 

            I Didn’t Want to Work that Hard:  A Liberal Arts Education     Sherree Kessler

Reading about Different Perspectives in Work and Education

            “Truth Is, I’m the Same Guy I Always Was”     Paul McCartney 

            Help!  I’m a Mac Person in a PC World     Anne Perrin 

            Some Lessons from the Assembly Line     Andrew Braaksma 

            Letter to Friends     Sandra Cisneros  

Reflections on Education and Work 

Reflecting to Write 

Chapter 14 • Trauma:  How Do I Construct Trust?

Introduction

Visual Literacy

            Little Hearts, Big Hurts (Poster)

            Maybe It’s Not Your Child Who Needs a Time-Out

            You Won’t Know If You Don’t Ask 

            Sexual Assault

            Strong & Silent or Ashamed & Alone?

Pausing to Consider

Reading about Authority Figures

            Goodbye Rita Hayworth, Hello Margarita Cansino Linda Rader Overman                                             

            Scouts Molested, Again Patrick Boyle and Elizabeth Marchak 

Reading about the Aftermath

            I Want Constantine’s Murder to Die Olga Polites

            How Would My Rape Shape My Kids’ Lives? Ellen Sussman

Reflections on Trauma

Reflecting to Write

Chapter 15 · Relationships:  How Do I Construct a Life with Others?

Introduction

Visual Literacy                     

            Abuelita (Photograph)     Anja Leigh Russell 

            The Oscar Party (Photograph)     Linda Daigle

            The Red Hat Ladies (Photograph)     Patti Diller 

Pausing to Consider

Reading Selection about Marriage and Other Relationships

            Making Room for Dad’s New Girlfriend     Melissa Maynard 

Reading about Alternative Parenting

            Stop Setting Alarms on My Biological Clock     Carrie Friedman

            If Our Son Is Happy, What Else Matters?     Scott Sherman 

Reading about Getting Along with Others

            Becoming “Real” Men at Last     Topher Sanders

            That’s MS. to you, Bub  Abigail McCarthy 

Reflections on Relationships

Reflecting to Write

Chapter 16 · Closure:  How Will Others Construct Me?

Introduction

Visual Literacy

Movies

Pausing to Consider           

Reading about the Media 

            When Harry Met Tony Malcolm Jones 

            No More Bikinis & Cowboys Scott Deveau 

Reading about Our Family and Friends

            You’re Going to End Up Like Your Mother Anyway, So Get Over It Sandy Jordan 

            A Father on a Poster Board Just Won’t Do Alison Buckholtz                         

Reading about Health and Medicine

            Find Yourself Packing It On?  Blame Friends Gina Kolata 

            Fat Comes in on Little Cat Feet Gail Collins  

Reading about Education and Growing Up—At Any Age

            Grades not Full Gauge of Talent     Cary Clack 

            The Teacher Who Changed My Life Nicholas Gage

            Student Evaluations     David Holmberg 

            Bringing Up Adultolescents     Peg Tyre 

Reading about Society’s Issues

            My Name Is Margaret     Maya Angelou 

            Dropping the “One Drop” Rule     George Will 

Reading about After I’ve Departed

            The Champion Oak, Glennwood Cemetery (Photograph)   Linda Walsh

            Daisies and Diaries:  Death and Defining Self  Stella Thompson 

            My Daddy Was My Hero Bindi Irwin 

            A Lady by Any Standard Michael Beschloss 

            The Paris Cemetery (Photograph) Linda Daigle 

Reflections on Closure

Reflecting to Write

Part IV ·Research           

Chapter 17 · Writing the Research Paper

Introduction

What Is a Research Paper? 

            The Thesis

            Evidence 

            Sources

            Taking Notes

            Academic Honesty

            Writing the Paper

            Using Quotations

            Paraphrasing  

Chapter 18 · MLA Documentation and Sample Paper

Introduction        

Use of MLA Format for Documentation

The Works Cited Page

            Joseph McDade’s work Cited Page Revised

            General Rules

Internal Documentation

            General Rules

Sample Student Research Paper

            Stay At Home Moms: The New Choice Creating Controversy Lori Tiedt  

Appendix 1 · Glossary of Composition Terms                                                            

Appendix 2 · Permissions

Appendix 3 · Index

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