9780134123509

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For courses in first-year composition.

The most balanced coverage of the writing process, grammar, research, and other issues important to today’s students

Perfect for students seeking support at any stage of the writing process, Quick Access: Reference for Writers, Eighth Edition continues its emphasis on critical thinking and reading as fundamental skills, integral to quality writing and sound research practices. Trusted authors Lynn Troyka and Doug Hesse provide everything that composition students need — how to write college papers, use and document sources, write online, write with visuals, master grammar, and use correct punctuation. Designed for easy use and speedy entry into all topics, this book welcomes students into a conversation about becoming better writers.

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Lynn Quitman Troyka, Professor of Writing, at the City University of New York (CUNY), has taught at Queensborough Community College and in the graduate Language and Literacy program at City College. Former editor of the "Journal of Basic Writing, "her writing and research appears in major journals and various scholarly collections. She conducts workshops in the teaching of writing. Lynn is co-author of "Quick Access Reference for Writers," Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall (2007), "QA Compact, "First Edition, Prentice Hall (2007), Canadian editions of her "Simon & Schuster Handbook for Writers "and "Quick Access Reference for Writers, Structured Reading, "Seventh Edition, Prentice Hall (2007), and "Steps in Composition, "Eighth Edition, Prentice Hall (2004). Dr. Troyka received the 2001 CCCC Exemplar Award, the highest CCCC award for scholarship, teaching, and service; the Rhetorician of the Year Award; and the TYCA Pickett Award for Service. She is a past chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC); the Two-Year College Association (TYCA) of the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE); the College Section of NCTE; and the Writing Division of the Modern Language Association. "This information," says Dr. Troyka, "tells what I've done, not who I am. I am a teacher. Teaching is my life's work, and I love it."
Doug Hesse, Professor of English and Director of Writing at the University of Denver as of fall 2006, previously held several positions at Illinois State University, including Director of the Honors Program, Director of Writing Programs, and Director of the Center for the Advancement of Teaching. Dr. Hesse earned his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa. Inaddition to teaching at Illinois State, he's also taught at the University of Findlay, Miami University (as Wiepking Distinguished Visiting Professor), and Michigan Tech. Dr. Hesse has had numerous national leadership roles in the teaching of writing. He is past Chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC), the nation's largest professional association of college writing instructors. A past president, as well, of the Council of Writing Program Administrators (WPA), Hesse edited that organization's journal, "Writing Program Administration. "He is a member of the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) Executive Committee and the Modern Language Association (MLA) Division on Teaching as a Profession Executive Committee. He is the author of 45 articles and book chapters, in such journals as "College Composition and Communication, College English, JAC," "Rhetoric Review, "the "Journal of Teaching Writing, "and others, and in such books as "Essays on the Essay; Writing Theory and Critical Theory; The Writing Program Administrator's Sourcebook; Literary Nonfiction; The Private, the Public, and the Published; Passions, Pedagogies, and 21st Century Technologies; "and others. He is also co-author, with LynnTroyka, of the "Quick Access Reference for Writers, "Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall (2007) and "Quick Access Compact, "First Edition, Prentice Hall (2007). Illinois State University named him Outstanding University Researcher. "Of all these accomplishments," says Dr. Hesse, "the one that matters most to me is being named Distinguished Humanities Teacher at Illinois State. That one came from my students and suggests that, in however small a way, I've mattered in their educations and lives.

TAB 1 HANDS-ON ADVICE FOR WRITERS

1. Five Top Tips for College Writers

1) Be specific: use RENNS.

2) Develop your ability as a critical reader and thinker.

3) Check Tab 3, “Frames for College Writing,” for ideas.

4) Use logical, ethical, and emotional appeals.

5) Record source information.

2. Ten Troublesome Mistakes Writers Make

1) Sentence fragments

2) Comma splices and run-ons

3) Mistakes in subject—verb agreement

4) Mistakes in pronoun—antecedent agreement

5) Unclear pronoun reference

6) Sentence shifts

7) Misplaced modifiers

8) Mistakes with homonyms

9) Comma errors

10) Apostrophe errors

3. Essential Processes for Reading

A Importance of reading

B Purposes for college reading

C SQ3R reading process

D Reading comprehension strategies

4. Reading and Thinking Critically

A What “critical” means

B Rhetorical appeals

C Levels of meaning

D Critical thinking and reading processes

E Close and active reading

F Analyzing

G Synthesizing and evaluating

H Inductive and deductive reasoning

I Reading images critically

J How images persuade

K Analyzing words with images

TAB 2 WRITING PROCESSES

5. Planning Your Writing

A Writing processes

B Thinking like a writer

C Planning a writing portfolio

D Purposes for writing

E Audience

F Developing ideas

G Thesis statement

H Outlining

6. Drafting, Revising, Editing, and Proofreading

A First draft

B Writer’s block

C Revising

D Revising using thesis statements and essay titles

E Revising for style and tone

F Editing

G Editing software and apps

H Proofreading

7. Composing Paragraphs

A What a paragraph is

B Introductory paragraphs

C Topic sentences

D Body paragraphs

E Coherent paragraphs

F Rhetorical strategies to develop body paragraphs

G Concluding paragraphs

8. Designing Documents

A Document design

B Principles of design

C Text

D Headings

E Photographs

F Other visuals

G Page layout

TAB 3 FRAMES FOR COLLEGE WRITING

9. Personal Essays

A Personal essays

B Planning and revising

C Frame for a personal essay

D Sentence and paragraph guides

E Student essay example

10. Informative Essays

A Informative essays

B Planning and revising

C Frame for an informative essay

D Sentence and paragraph guides

E Student essay example

11. Essays Analyzing a Text

A Textual analysis

B Generating ideas

C Frame for a textual analysis

D Sentence and paragraph guides

E Student essay example

12. Argument Essays

A Arguments

B Planning and revising

C Logical fallacies

D Frames for arguments

E Sentence and paragraph guides

F Student essay example

13. Proposal or Solution Essays

A Proposal or solution essays

B Planning and revising

C Frame for a proposal or solution essay

D Sentence and paragraph guides

E Student essay example

14. Evaluation Essays

A Evaluation essays

B Planning and revising

C Frame for an evaluation essay

D Sentence and paragraph guides

E Student essay example

TAB 4 USING SOURCES IN YOUR WRITING

15. Avoiding Plagiarism

A Understanding plagiarism

B Avoiding plagiarism

C Understanding patchwriting

D Avoiding plagiarism of intellectual property

E Avoiding plagiarism of Internet sources

F What not to document

16. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

A Integrating sources

B Quoting sources

C Paraphrasing sources

D Summarizing sources

E Verbs for integrating sources

17. Writing About Readings

A Typical assignments

B Summary essays

C Response essays

D Synthesis essays

TAB 5 RESEARCH WRITING

18. Starting a Research Project

A Understanding research

B Topic choice

C Research question

D Types of research papers

19. Developing a Search Strategy

A Search strategies

B Sources

C Field research

D Documentation style

E Research log

F Working bibliography

G Documentation software

H Annotated bibliography

I Content notes

J Research project plan

20. Finding Published Sources

A Published sources

B Using libraries

C Search engines and databases

D Using search engines and databases

E Books

F Periodicals

G Reference works

H Images

I Government documents

21. Evaluating Sources

A Location of a source

B Credibility of the publisher

C Credibility of the author

D Use of evidence

E Other critical thinking tests

22. Synthesizing Sources in Research Papers

A Synthesis of sources

B Relationships of sources

C Sources on different subtopics

D Sources agree

E Sources partly agree

F Sources disagree

G Sources aren’t equally specific

23. Writing a Research Paper

A Writing process

B Drafting a thesis statement

C Outlining a research paper

D Drafting a research paper

E Frames for research papers

F Student’s research paper

G Revising

H Editing and formatting

TAB 6 MLA DOCUMENTATION

24. MLA In-Text Citations

A MLA documentation style

B MLA in-text documentation

C Additional MLA guidelines for parenthetical citations

25. MLA Works Cited List

A Works Cited list

B Sources in a Works Cited list

C Content or bibliographic notes

26. A Student’s MLA-Style Research Paper

A MLA format guidelines

B MLA-style research paper

TAB 7 APA, CM, and CSE DOCUMENTATION

27. APA In-Text Citations

A APA documentation style

B APA in-text citations

C APA guidelines for in-text citations

28. APA References List

A References list

B Sources in a References list

29. A Student’s APA-Style Research Paper

A APA format guidelines

B APA-style research paper

30. CM-Style Documentation

A CM-style documentation

B Bibliographic notes

31. CSE-Style Documentation

A CSE-style documentation

B Sources in a list of references

TAB 8 GRAMMAR BASICS

32. Parts of Speech and Sentences

Parts of Speech

A Nouns

B Pronouns

C Verbs

D Verbals

E Adjectives

F Adverbs

G Prepositions

H Conjunctions

I Interjections

Parts of Sentences

J Subjects and predicates

K Direct and indirect objects

L Complements, modifiers, and appositives

M Phrases

N Clauses

O Sentence types

33. Verbs

A How verbs function

B Forms of main verbs

C Auxiliary verbs

D Using lie or lay

E Verb tenses

F Indicative, imperative, and subjunctive moods

G “Voice” in verbs

34. Subject—Verb Agreement

A What subject—verb agreement is

B Ignoring words between a subject and its verb

C Subjects connected by and

D Subjects connected by or

E Verbs with indefinite pronouns

F Verbs with who, which, and that

G Verbs with one of the . . . who

H Other complicated cases

35. Pronouns

Pronoun—Antecedent Agreement

A What pronoun—antecedent agreement is

B Pronouns when and connects antecedents

C Pronouns when or connects antecedents

D Pronouns when antecedents are indefinite pronouns

E Pronouns when antecedents are collective nouns

Pronoun Reference

F Avoiding unclear pronoun reference

G Pronouns with it, that, this, and which

H Using you for direct address

I Using who, which, and that

Pronoun Case

J What pronoun case is

K Personal pronouns

L Selecting the correct case

M Case when and connects pronouns

N Matching case in appositives

O Subjective case after linking verbs

P Using who, whoever, whom, and whomever

Q Case after than and as

R Case with infinitives and -ing words

S Case for -self pronouns

36. Adjectives and Adverbs

A Adjectives v. adverbs

B Double negatives

C After linking verbs

D Comparative and superlative forms

E Nouns as modifiers

TAB 9 SENTENCES AND WORDS

37. Sentence Fragments

A Recognizing fragments

B Subordinating word fragments

C Fragments without verbs

D Fragments without subjects

E Compound predicate fragments

F Intentional fragments

38. Comma Splices and Run-On Sentences

A What comma splices and run-on sentences are

B Correcting comma splices and run-on sentences

39. Sentence Shift Problems

A Consistent person and number

B Consistent subject and voice

C Consistent mood

D Consistent verb tense

E Consistent direct and indirect discourse

F Sentences with mixed parts

G Ellipticals and comparisons

40. Misplaced Modifiers

A Misplaced modifiers

B Squinting modifiers

C Split infinitives

D Disrupting

E Dangling modifiers

41. Conciseness

A Writing concisely

B Avoiding redundancies

C Avoiding wordy sentences

D Combining sentence elements

E Verbs and conciseness

42. Coordination/Subordination

A Coordination: Expressing equivalent ideas

B Avoiding problems

C Subordination: Expressing nonequivalent ideas

D Subordination: Avoiding problems

43. Sentence Style

A Understanding parallelism

B Avoiding faulty parallelism

C Parallelism with conjunctions

D Strengthening a message with parallelism

E Understanding sentence variety

F How subjects affect emphasis

G Adding modifiers

H Inverting standard word order

44. Word Meanings and Impact

A Words and their meanings

B Exact words

C Increasing my vocabulary

D Suitable language

E Figurative language

F Clichés

G Effect of tone in writing

45. Using Inclusive Language

A Gender in English

B Gender-neutral language

46. Spelling

A Plurals

B Suffixes

C The ie, ei rule

D Homonyms and frequently confused words

E Other spelling errors

TAB 10 PUNCTUATION AND MECHANICS

47. Commas

A When to use commas

B With introductory words

C Before coordinating conjunctions

D With a series

E Between adjectives

F With nonrestrictive and restrictive elements

G With quoted words

H Other word groups to set off

I In dates, names, places, addresses, letter format, and numbers

J Preventing misreadings

K Other comma errors

48. Semicolons

A Instead of periods

B Instead of commas

49. Colons

A Lists, appositives, or quotations

B Between sentences

C Conventional formats

50. Apostrophes

A Possessive nouns

B Possessive indefinite pronouns

C Possessive pronouns: hers, his, its, ours, yours, and theirs

D Verbs that end in -s

E Contractions

F Letters, numerals, symbols, and terms

51. Quotation Marks

A Short direct quotations

B Long direct quotations

C Spoken words

D Titles

E Terms, translations, irony

F When quotation marks are wrong

G With other punctuation

52. Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points

A Periods

B Question marks

C Exclamation points

53. Other Punctuation Marks

A Dashes

B Parentheses

C Brackets

D Ellipsis points

E Slashes

54. Hyphens

A End of a line

B Prefixes and suffixes

C Compound words

D Spelled-out numbers

55. Capitals

A “First” words

B Quotations

C Nouns and adjectives

56. Italics (Underlining)

A Italics versus quotation marks

B For emphasis

57. Abbreviations

A Times and amounts

B People’s names

C Jr., Sr., II, III, 2nd, 3rd

D Names of countries, organizations, and government agencies

E Addresses

F Using etc. and other Latin abbreviations

58. Numbers

A Spelled-out numbers

B Dates, addresses, times, and other numbers

TAB 11 TIPS FOR MULTILINGUAL WRITERS

A Message to Multilingual Writers

59. Singulars and Plurals

A Count and noncount nouns

B Determiners

C Nouns used as adjectives

60. Articles

A Singular count nouns

B Count and noncount nouns

C Using the with proper nouns

61. Word Order

A Standard and inverted word orders

B Placing adjectives

C Placing adverbs

62. Prepositions

A Using in, at, and on to show time and place

B Phrasal verbs

C Passive voice

D Expressions

63. Gerunds and Infinitives

A Gerund objects

B Infinitive objects

C Using stop, remember, or forget

D Sense verbs

E Choosing between —ing and -ed adjectives

64. Modal Auxiliary Verbs

A How modals differ from be, do, and have

B Expressing ability, necessity, advisability, or probability

C Expressing preference, plan, or past habit

TAB 12 SPECIFIC WRITING SITUATIONS

65. An Overview of Writing Across the Curriculum

A Writing across the curriculum

B Audience and purpose

66. Humanities

A What the humanities are

B Types of papers

C Documentation styles

67. Literature

A What literature is

B Types of papers

C Rules for writing about literature

D A student’s literature essay

68. Social Sciences

A What the social sciences are

B Types of papers

69. Natural Sciences

A What the natural sciences are

B Types of papers

70. Presentations

A What presentations are

B Focusing the presentation

C Organizing a presentation

D Incorporating multimedia

E Presentation styles

F Collaborative presentations

71. Digital Environments

A What digital environments are

B Blogs

C Collaborative spaces

D Video and sound

72. Work

A W

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0134123506

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

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