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Programming and Problem Solving With C++

by: Weems, Chip; Dale, Nell B.; Headington, Mark R.

Programming and Problem Solving With C++

by: Weems, Chip; Dale, Nell B.; Headington, Mark R.

ISBN 13:
9780763707989
ISBN 10:
0763707988
Edition: 4th
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 04/01/2004
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett

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Summary

This text, assumes no prior programming experience and is most appropriate for introductory programming courses using C++. Introduction to Programming Computer Science, Introduction to Computer Science

Preface

1 Overview of Programming and Problem Solving

(44)

1.1 Overview of Programming

(7)

What is Programming

(1)

How Do We Write a Program

(6)

1.2 What Is a Programming Language

(6)

1.3 What Is a Computer

(9)

1.4 Ethics and Responsibilities in the Computing Profession

(3)

Software Piracy

(1)

Privacy of Data

(1)

Use of Computer Resources

(1)

Software Engineering

(1)

1.5 Problem-Solving Techniques

(18)

Ask Questions

(1)

Look for Things That Are Familiar

(1)

Solve by Analogy

(1)

Means-Ends Analysis

(1)

Divide and Conquer

(1)

The Building-Block Approach

(1)

Merging Solutions

(1)

Mental Blocks: The Fear of Starting

(1)

Algorithmic Problem Solving

(1)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Leap Year Algorithm

(45)

Summary

(1)

Quick Check

(1)

Answers

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

(1)

Case Study Follow-Up

(3)

2 C++ Syntax and Semantics, and the Program Development Process

(50)

2.1 The Elements of C++ Programs

(23)

C++ Program Structure

(2)

Syntax and Semantics

(3)

Syntax Templates

(3)

Naming Program Elements: identifiers

(1)

Data and Data Types

(3)

Naming Elements: Declarations

(5)

Taking Action: Executable Statements

(5)

Beyond Minimalism: Adding Comments to a Program

(1)

2.2 Program Construction

(7)

Blocks (Compound Statements)

(2)

The C++ Preprocessor

(2)

An Introduction to Namespaces

(1)

2.3 More About Output

(2)

Creating Blank Lines

(1)

Inserting Blanks Within a Line

(1)

2.4 Program Entry, Correction, and Execution

(17)

Entering a Program

(1)

Compiling and Running a Program

(2)

Finishing Up

(1)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Printing a Chessboard

(41)

Testing and Debugging

(1)

Summary

(1)

Quick Check

(1)

Answers

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

(2)

Programming Problems

(1)

Case Study Follow-Up

(1)

3 Numeric Types, Expressions, and Output

(44)

3.1 Overview of C++ Data Types

(1)

3.2 Numeric Data Types

(2)

Integral Types

(1)

Floating-Point Types

(1)

3.3 Declarations for Numeric Types

(2)

Named Constant Declarations

(1)

Variable Declarations

100

(1)

3.4 Simple Arithmetic Expressions

101

(4)

Arithmetic Operators

101

(3)

Increment and Decrement Operators

104

(1)

3.5 Compound Arithmetic Expressions

105

(6)

Precedence Rules

105

(1)

Type Coercion and Type Casting

106

(5)

3.6 Function Calls and Library Functions

111

(4)

Value-Returning Functions

111

(2)

Library Functions

113

(1)

Void Functions

114

(1)

3.7 Formatting the Output

115

(7)

Integers and Strings

115

(3)

Floating-Point Numbers

118

(4)

3.8 Additional string Operations

122

(17)

The length and size Functions

122

(2)

The find Function

124

(1)

The substr Functions

125

(3)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Mortgage Payment Calculator

128

(45)

Testing and Debugging

131

(1)

Summary

132

(1)

Quick Check

133

(1)

Answers

133

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

134

(1)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

135

(2)

Programming Problems

137

(1)

Case Study Follow-Up

138

(1)

4 Program Input and the Software Design Process

139

(52)

4.1 Getting Data into Programs

140

(10)

Input Streams and the Extraction Operator (>>)

141

(3)

The Reading Marker and the Newline Character

144

(1)

Reading Character Data with the get Function

145

(3)

Skipping Characters with the ignore Function

148

(1)

Reading String Data

149

(1)

4.2 Interactive Input/Output

150

(2)

4.3 Noninteractive Input/Output

152

(1)

4.4 File Input and Output

153

(7)

Files

153

(1)

Using Files

154

(3)

An Example Program Using Files

157

(2)

Run-Time Input of File Names

159

(1)

4.5 Input Failure

160

(2)

4.6 Software Design Methodologies

162

(1)

4.7 What Are Objects?

163

(2)

4.8 Object-Oriented Design

165

(1)

4.9 Functional Decomposition

166

(2)

Modules

168

(1)

Implementing the Design

169

(4)

A Perspective on Design

173

(1)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Display a Name in Multiple Formats

174

(45)

Testing and Debugging

180

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

181

(1)

Summary

182

(1)

Quick Check

183

(1)

Answers

184

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

184

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

186

(2)

Programming Problems

188

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

190

(1)

5 Conditions, Logical Expressions, and Selection Control Structures

191

(58)

5.1 Flow of Control

192

(2)

Selection

193

(1)

5.2 Conditions and Logical Expressions

194

(13)

The bool Data Type

194

(1)

Logical Expressions

195

(9)

Precedence of Operators

204

(2)

Relational Operators with Floating-Point Types

206

(1)

5.3 The If Statement

207

(7)

The if-Then-Else Form

207

(3)

Blocks (Compound Statements)

210

(2)

The if-Then Form

212

(2)

A Common Mistake

214

(1)

5.4 Nested If Statements

214

(5)

The Dangling else

218

(1)

5.5 Testing the State of an I/O Stream

219

(30)

Problem-Solving Case Study: BM1 Calculator

221

(47)

Testing and Debugging

227

(1)

Testing in the Problem-Solving Phase: The Algorithm Walk-Through

227

(3)

Testing in the Implementation Phase

230

(5)

The Test Plan

235

(3)

Testing and Debugging Hints

238

(2)

Summary

240

(1)

Quick Check

240

(1)

Answers

241

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

241

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

243

(2)

Programming Problems

245

(3)

Case Study Follow-Up

248

(1)

6 Looping

249

(56)

6.1 The While Statement

250

(2)

6.2 Phases of Loop Execution

252

(1)

6.3 Loops Using the While Statement

253

(11)

Count-Controlled Loops

253

(2)

Event-Controlled Loops

255

(6)

Looping Subtasks

261

(3)

6.4 How to Design Loops

264

(4)

Designing the Flow of Control

265

(1)

Designing the Process Within the Loop

266

(1)

The Loop Exit

267

(1)

6.5 Nested Logic

268

(37)

Designing Nested Loops

272

(7)

Problem Solving Case Study: Recording Studio Design

279

(42)

Testing and Debugging

291

(1)

Loop-Testing Strategy

291

(1)

Test Plans Involving Loops

291

(2)

Testing and Debugging Hints

293

(1)

Summary

294

(1)

Quick Check

295

(1)

Answers

296

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

296

(3)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

299

(2)

Programming Problems

301

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

303

(2)

7 Functions

305

(56)

7.1 Functional Decomposition with Void Functions

306

(6)

When to Use Functions

307

(1)

Writing Modules as Void Functions

307

(5)

7.2 An Overview of User-Defined Functions

312

(3)

Flow of Control in Function Calls

312

(1)

Function Parameters

312

(3)

7.3 Syntax and Semantics of Void Functions

315

(7)

Function Call (Invocation)

315

(1)

Function Declarations and Definitions

316

(2)

Local Variables

318

(2)

The Return Statement

320

(1)

Header Files

321

(1)

7.4 Parameters

322

Value Parameters

323

(1)

Reference Parameters

324

(3)

An Analogy

327

(1)

Matching Arguments with Parameters

328

7.5 Designing Functions

321

(40)

Writing Assertions as Program Comments

333

(2)

Documenting the Direction of Data Flow

335

(5)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Total Cost of Mortgage

340

(39)

Testing and Debugging

346

(1)

The assert Library Function

347

(2)

Testing and Debugging Hints

349

(1)

Summary

350

(1)

Quick Check

350

(1)

Answers

351

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

351

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

353

(2)

Programming Problems

355

(4)

Case Study Follow-Up Answers

359

(2)

8 Scope, Lifetime, and More on Functions

361

(56)

8.1 Scope of Identifiers

362

(10)

Scope Rules

364

(4)

Variable Declarations and Definitions

368

(1)

Namespaces

369

(3)

8.2 Lifetime of a Variable

372

(2)

Initializations in Declarations

372

(2)

8.3 Interface Design

374

(5)

Side Effects

374

(3)

Global Constants

377

(2)

8.4 Value-Returning Functions

379

(38)

Boolean Functions

384

(4)

Interface Design and Side Effects

388

(1)

When to Use Value-Returning Functions

389

(2)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Health Profile

391

(42)

Testing and Debugging

402

(1)

Stubs and Drivers

402

(4)

Testing and Debugging Hints

406

(2)

Summary

408

(1)

Quick Check

408

(1)

Answers

409

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

409

(3)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

412

(2)

Programming Problems

414

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

416

(1)

9 Additional Control Structures

417

(32)

9.1 The Switch Statement

418

(5)

9.2 The Do-While Statement

423

(3)

9.3 The For Statement

426

(4)

9.4 The Break and Continue Statements

430

(3)

9.5 Guidelines for Choosing a Looping Statement

433

(17)

Problem-Solving Case Study: The Rich Uncle

434

(61)

Testing and Debugging

441

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

441

(1)

Summary

442

(1)

Quick Check

442

(1)

Answers

442

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

442

(3)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

445

(1)

Programming Problems

445

(3)

Case Study Follow-Up

448

(1)

10 Simple Data Types: Built-In and User-Defined

449

10.1 Built-In Simple Types

450

(6)

Integral Types

452

(3)

Floating-Point Types

455

(1)

10.2 Additional C++ Operators

456

(8)

Assignment Operators and Assignment Expressions

458

(1)

Increment and Decrement Operators

459

(1)

Bitwise Operators

460

(1)

The Cast Operation

460

(1)

The sizeof Operator

461

(1)

The ?: Operator

461

(1)

Operator Precedence

462

(2)

10.3 Working with Character Data

464

(11)

Character Sets

465

(2)

C++ char Constants

467

(1)

Programming Techniques

468

(7)

10.4 More on Floating-Point Numbers

475

(10)

Representation of Floating-Point Numbers

475

(3)

Arithmetic with Floating-Point Numbers

478

(1)

Implementation of Floating-Point Numbers in the Computer

479

(6)

10.5 User-Defined Simple Types

485

(10)

The Typedef Statement

486

(1)

Enumeration Types

486

(7)

Named and Anonymous Data Types

493

(1)

User-Written Header Files

494

(1)

10.6 More on Type Coercion

495

(25)

Type Coercion in Arithmetic and Relational Expressions

496

(1)

Type Coercion in Assignments, Argument Passing, and Return of a Function Value

497

(2)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Stylistical Analysis of Text

499

(57)

Testing and Debugging

509

(1)

Floating-Point Data

509

(1)

Coping with Input Errors

509

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

510

(1)

Summary

511

(1)

Quick Check

512

(1)

Answers

513

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

513

(1)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

514

(1)

Programming Problems

515

(3)

Case Study Follow-Up

518

11 Structured Types, Data Abstraction, and Classes

(568)

11.1 Simple Versus Structured Data Types

520

(1)

11.2 Records (Structs)

521

(10)

Accessing Individual Components

523

(2)

Aggregate Operations on Structs

525

(1)

More About Struct Declarations

526

(3)

Binding Like Items 528 Hierarchical Records

529

(2)

11.3 Unions

531

(2)

11.4 Data Abstraction

533

(2)

11.5 Abstract Data Types

535

(3)

11.6 C++ Classes

538

(9)

Classes, Class Objects, and Class Members

542

(1)

Built-in Operations on Class Objects

543

(2)

Class Scope

545

(1)

Information Hiding

545

(2)

11.7 Specification and Implementation File

547

(9)

The Specification File

547

(2)

The Implementation File

549

(5)

Compiling and Linking a Multifile Program

554

(2)

11.8 Guaranteed Initialization with Class Constructors

556

(32)

Invoking a Constructor

558

(1)

Revised Specification and Implementation Files for Time

559

(3)

Guidelines for Using Class Constructors

562

(2)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Abstract Data Type Name

564

(58)

Testing and Debugging

574

(4)

Testing and Debugging Hints

578

(1)

Summary

579

(1)

Quick Check

579

(1)

Answers

580

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

580

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

582

(2)

Programming Problems

584

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

586

(1)

12 Arrays

587

(74)

12.1 One-Dimensional Arrays

588

(17)

Declaring Arrays

590

(1)

Accessing Individual Components

591

(3)

Out-of-Bounds Array Indexes

594

(1)

Initializing Arrays in Declarations

594

(1)

(Lack of) Aggregate Array Operations

595

(1)

Examples of Declaring and Accessing Arrays

596

(5)

Passing Arrays as Arguments

601

(3)

Assertions About Arrays

604

(1)

Using Typedef with Arrays

604

(1)

12.2 Arrays of Records and Class Objects

605

(3)

Arrays of Records

605

(2)

Arrays of Class Objects

607

(1)

12.3 Special Kinds of Array Processing

608

(1)

Subarray Processing

608

(1)

Indexes with Semantic Content

608

(1)

12.4 Two-Dimensional Arrays

609

(3)

12.5 Processing Two-Dimensional Arrays

612

(6)

Sum the Rows

613

(2)

Sum the Columns

615

(1)

Initialize the Array

616

(1)

Print the Array

617

(1)

12.6 Passing Two-Dimensional Arrays as Arguments

618

(2)

12.7 Another Way of Defining Two-Dimensional Arrays

620

(2)

12.8 Multidimensional Arrays

622

(40)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Calculating Exam Statistics

625

(11)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Favorite Rock Group

636

(60)

Testing and Debugging

645

(1)

One-Dimensional Arrays

645

(1)

Complex Structures

646

(2)

Multidimensional Arrays

648

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

649

(1)

Summary

650

(1)

Quick Check

650

(1)

Answers

651

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

652

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

654

(2)

Programming Problems

656

(3)

Case Study Follow-Up

659

(2)

13 Array-Based Lists

661

(62)

13.1 The List as an Abstract Data Type

662

(7)

13.2 Unsorted Lists

669

(12)

Basic Operations

669

(2)

Insertion and Deletion

671

(2)

Sequential Search

673

(3)

Iterators

676

(2)

Sorting

678

(3)

13.3 Sorted Lists

681

(15)

Basic Operations

684

(1)

Insertion

684

(3)

Sequential Search

687

(1)

Binary Search

687

(6)

Deletion

693

(3)

13.4 Understanding Character Strings

696

(28)

Initializing C Strings

699

(1)

C String Input and Output

699

(3)

C String Library Routines

702

(2)

String Class or C Strings?

704

(1)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Calculating Exam Statistics Revisited

705

(52)

Testing and Debugging

716

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints 716

Summary

717

(1)

Quick Check

717

(1)

Answers

718

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

718

(1)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

719

(1)

Programming Problems

720

(1)

Case Study Follow-Up

721

(2)

14 Object-Oriented Software Development

723

(58)

14.1 Object-Oriented Programming

724

(2)

14.2 Objects

726

(5)

14.3 Inheritance

731

(11)

Deriving One Class from Another

732

(3)

Specification of the ExtTime Class

735

(2)

Implementation of the ExtTime Class

737

(5)

Avoiding Multiple Inclusion of Header Files

742

(1)

14.4 Composition

742

(8)

Design of an Entry Class

743

(6)

Constructor initializer

749

(1)

14.5 Dynamic Binding and Virtual Functions

750

(4)

The Slicing Problem

751

(2)

Virtual Functions

753

(1)

14.6 Object-Oriented Design

754

(3)

Step 1: Identify the Objects and Operations

755

(1)

Step 2: Determine the Relationships Among Objects

756

(1)

Step 3: Design the Driver

756

(1)

14.7 Implementing the Design

757

(25)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Creating an Appointment Calendar

758

(44)

Testing and Debugging

770

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

771

(1)

Summary

772

(1)

Quick Check

772

(1)

Answers

773

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

773

(3)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

776

(2)

Programming Problems

778

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

780

(1)

15 Pointers, Dynamic Data, and Reference Types

781

(64)

15.1 Pointers

782

(10)

Pointer Variables

782

(5)

Pointer Expressions

787

(5)

15.2 Dynamic Data

792

(6)

15.3 Reference Types

798

(4)

15.4 Classes and Dynamic Data

802

(44)

Class Destructors

807

(1)

Shallow Versus Deep Copying

808

(1)

Class Copy-Constructors

809

(4)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Creating an Appointment Calendar Continued

813

(64)

Testing and Debugging

833

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

834

(2)

Summary

836

(1)

Quick Check

836

(1)

Answers

837

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

837

(3)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

840

(1)

Programming Problems

841

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

843

(2)

16 Linked Structures

845

(62)

16.1 Sequential Versus Linked Structures

846

(2)

16.2 Array Representation of a Linked List

848

(2)

16.3 Dynamic Data Representation of a Linked List

850

(27)

Algorithms on Dynamic Linked Lists

856

(18)

Pointer Expression

874

(1)

Classes and Dynamic Linked Lists

875

(2)

16.4 Choice of Data Representation

877

(31)

Problem-Solving Case Study: The Appointment Calendar Completed

879

(47)

Testing and Debugging

899

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

899

(1)

Summary

899

(1)

Quick Check

900

(1)

Answers

900

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

900

(2)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

902

(1)

Programming Problems

903

(3)

Case Study Follow-Up

906

(1)

17 Templates and Exceptions

907

(63)

17.1 Template Functions

908

(10)

Function Overloading

908

(3)

Defining a Function Template

911

(1)

Instantiating a Function Template

912

(1)

Enhancing the Print Template

913

(1)

User-Defined Specifications

914

(1)

Organization of Program Code

915

(3)

17.2 Template Classes

918

(8)

Instantiating a Class Template

920

(2)

Organization of Program Code

922

(3)

A Caution

925

(1)

17.3 Exceptions

926

(44)

The throw Statement

927

(2)

The try-catch Statement

929

(3)

Nonlocal Exception Handlers

932

(3)

Re-Throwing an Exception

935

(1)

Standard Exceptions

936

(3)

Back to the Division-by-Zero Problem

939

(1)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Re-Implement SortedList Specification and Enhance Appointment Calendar

940

(52)

Testing and Debugging

960

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

960

(1)

Summary

961

(1)

Quick Check

962

(1)

Answers

963

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

964

(1)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

965

(2)

Programming Problems

967

(1)

Case Study Follow-Up

968

(2)

18 Recursion

18.1 What is Recursion?

970

(4)

18.2 Recursive Algorithms with Simple Variables

974

(3)

18.3 Towers of Hanoi

977

(5)

18.4 Recursive Algorithms with Structured Variables

982

(2)

18.5 Recursion Using Pointer Variables

984

(8)

Printing a Dynamic Linked List in Reverse Order

985

(2)

Copying a Dynamic Linked List

987

(5)

18.6 Recursion or Iteration?

992

(21)

Problem-Solving Case Study: Quick sort

993

(18)

Testing and Debugging

1001

(1)

Testing and Debugging Hints

1001

(1)

Summary

1001

(1)

Quick Check

1002

(1)

Answers

1002

(1)

Exam Preparation Exercises

1002

(3)

Programming Warm-Up Exercises

1005

(2)

Programming Problems

1007

(2)

Case Study Follow-Up

1009

(2)

Appendix A Reserved Words

1011

(1)

Appendix B Operator Precedence

1011

(2)

Appendix C A Selection of Standard Library Routines

1013

(10)

C.1 The 1-leader File cassert

1013

(1)

C.2 The Header File cctype

1013

(2)

C.3 The Header File cfloat

1015

(1)

C.4 The Header File climits

1016

(1)

C.5 The Header File cmath

1016

(2)

C.6 The Header File cstddef

1018

(1)

C.7 The Header File cstdlib

1018

(2)

C.8 The Header File cstring

1020

(1)

C.9 The Header File string

1021

(1)

C.10 The Header File sstream

1022

(1)

Appendix D Using This Book with a Prestandard Version of C++

1023

(5)

D.1 The string Type

1023

(1)

D.2 Standard Header Files and Namespaces

1024

(2)

D.3 The fixed and showpoint Manipulators

1026

(1)

D.4 The bool Type

1026

(2)

Appendix E Character Sets

1028

(2)

Appendix F Program Style, Formatting, and Documentation

1030

(9)

F.1 General Guidelines

1031

(1)

F.2 Comments

1031

(3)

F.3 Identifiers

1034

(1)

F.4 Formatting Lines and Expressions

1034

(1)

F.5 Indentation

1035

(4)

Glossary

1039

(10)

Answers to Selected Exercises

1049

(38)

Index

1087

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Programming and Problem Solving With C++

Programming and Problem Solving With C++

9780763707989

0763707988

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