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Prestressed Concrete : A Fundamental Approach

by: Nawy, Edward G.

Prestressed Concrete : A Fundamental Approach

by: Nawy, Edward G.

ISBN 13:
9780131497597
ISBN 10:
0131497596
Edition: 5th
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 01/01/2006
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Summary

Completely revised to reflect the new ACI 318-05 Building Code and International Building Code, IBC 2000 and its 2002 modifications, this popular book offers a unique approach to examining the design of prestressed concrete members in a logical, step-by-step trial and adjustment procedure. Integrates handy flow charts to help readers better understand the steps needed for design and analysis. Includes a revised chapter containing the latest ACI and AASHTO Provisions on the design of post-tensioned beam end anchorage blocks using the strut-and-tie approach in conformity with ACI 318-05 Code. Offers a new complete section with two extensive design examples using the strut-and-tie approach for the design of corbels and deep beams. Features an addition to the elastic method of design, with comprehensive design examples on LRFD and Standard AASHTO designs of bridge deck members for flexure, shear and torsion, conforming to the latest AASHTO 2003 specifications. Includes a revised chapter on slender columns, including a simplified load-contour biaxial bending method which is easier to apply in desiign, using moments rather than loads in the reciprocal approach. A useful construction reference for engineers.

Preface

xix

Basic Concepts

(30)

Introduction

(4)

Comparison with Reinforced Concrete

(2)

Economics of Prestressed Concrete

(1)

Historical Development of Prestressing

(2)

Basic Concepts of Prestressing

(12)

Introduction

(3)

Basic Concept Method

(2)

C-Line Method

(3)

Load-Balancing Method

(4)

Computation of Fiber Stresses in a Prestressed Beam by the Basic Method

(2)

C-Line Computation of Fiber Stresses

(1)

Load-Balancing Computation of Fiber Stresses

(1)

SI Working Stress Concepts

(8)

Selected References

(1)

Problems

(3)

Materials and Systems for Prestressing

(42)

Concrete

(5)

Introduction

(1)

Parameters Affecting the Quality of Concrete

(1)

Properties of Hardened Concrete

(4)

Stress-Strain Curve of Concrete

(1)

Modulus of Elasticity and Change in Compressive Strength with Time

(7)

High-Strength Concrete

(1)

Initial Compressive Strength and Modulus

(4)

Creep

(5)

Effects of Creep

(1)

Rheological Models

(3)

Shrinkage

(2)

Nonprestressing Reinforcement

(3)

Prestressing Reinforcement

(6)

Types of Reinforcement

(1)

Stress-Relieved and Low-Relaxation Wires and Strands

(1)

High-Tensile-Strength Prestressing Bars

(1)

Steel Relaxation

(2)

Corrosion and Deterioration of Strands

(1)

ACI Maximum Permissible Stresses in Concrete and Reinforcement

(1)

Concrete Stresses in Flexure

(1)

Prestressing Steel Stresses

(1)

AASHTO Maximum Permissible Stresses in Concrete and Reinforcement

(1)

Concrete Stresses before Creep and Shrinkage Losses

(1)

Concrete Stresses at Service Load after Losses

(1)

Prestressing Steel Stresses

(1)

Relative Humidity Values

(1)

Prestressing Systems and Anchorages

(9)

Pretensioning

(1)

Post-Tensioning

(1)

Jacking Systems

(1)

Grouting of Post-Tensioned Tendons

(6)

Circular Prestressing

(1)

Ten Principles

(3)

Selected References

(3)

Partial Loss of Prestress

(33)

Introduction

(2)

Elastic Shortening of Concrete (ES)

(3)

Pretensioned Elements

(3)

Post-Tensioned Elements

(1)

Steel Stress Relaxation (R)

(2)

Relaxation Loss Computation

(1)

ACI-ASCE Method of Accounting for Relaxation Loss

(1)

Creep Loss (CR)

(3)

Computation of Creep Loss

(1)

Shrinkage Loss (SH)

(2)

Computation of Shrinkage Loss

(1)

Losses Due to Friction (F)

(3)

Curvature Effect

(1)

Wobble Effect

(1)

Computation of Friction Loss

(1)

Anchorage-Seating Losses (A)

(2)

Computation of Anchorage-Seating Loss

(1)

Change of Prestress Due to Bending of a Member (ΔfpB)

(1)

Step-by-Step Computation of All Time-Dependent Losses in a Pre-Tension Beam

(6)

Step-by-Step Computation of All Time-Dependent Losses in a Post-Tension Beam

(3)

Lump-Sum Computation of Time-Dependent Losses in Prestress

(1)

SI Prestress Loss Expressions

100

(6)

SI Prestress Loss Example

101

(3)

Selected References

104

(1)

Problems

104

(2)

Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete Elements

106

(117)

Introduction

106

(2)

Selection of Geometrical Properties of Section Components

108

(7)

General Guidelines

108

(1)

Minimum Section Modulus

108

(7)

Service-Load Design Examples

115

(13)

Variable Tendon Eccentricity

115

(7)

Variable Tendon Eccentricity with No Height Limitation

122

(4)

Constant Tendon Eccentricity

126

(2)

Proper Selection of Beam Sections and Properties

128

(11)

General Guidelines

128

(2)

Gross Area, the Transformed Section, and the Presence of Ducts

130

(1)

Envelopes for Tendon Placement

130

(1)

Advantages of Curved or Harped Tendons

131

(1)

Limiting-Eccentricity Envelopes

132

(4)

Prestressing Tendon Envelopes

136

(2)

Reduction of Prestress Force Near Supports

138

(1)

End Blocks at Support Anchorage Zones

139

(19)

Stress Distribution

139

(2)

Development and Transfer Length in Pretensioned Members and Design of Their Anchorage Reinforcement

141

(3)

Post-Tensioned Anchorage Zones: Linear Elastic and Strut-and-Tie Theories

144

(9)

Design of End Anchorage Reinforcement for Post-Tensioned Beams

153

(5)

Flexural Design of Composite Beams

158

(4)

Unshored Slab Case

159

(2)

Fully Shored Slab Case

161

(1)

Effective Flange Width

161

(1)

Summary of Step-by-Step Trial-and-Adjustment Procedure for the Service-Load Design of Prestressed Members

162

(3)

Design of Composite Post-Tensioned Prestressed Simply Supported Section

165

(13)

Ultimate-Strength Flexural Design

178

(3)

Cracking-Load Moment

178

(1)

Partial Prestressing

179

(1)

Cracking Moment Evaluation

180

(1)

Load and Strength Factors

181

(3)

Reliability and Structural Safety of Concrete Components

181

(3)

ACI Load Factors and Safety Margins

184

(4)

General Principles

184

(1)

ACI Load Factors Equations

185

(2)

Design Strength vs. Nominal Strength: Strength-Reduction Factor φ

187

(1)

Limit State in Flexure at Ultimate Load in Bonded Members: Decompression to Ultimate Load

188

(14)

Introduction

188

(1)

The Equivalent Rectangular Block and Nominal Moment Strength

189

(2)

Strain Limits Method for Analysis and Design

191

(2)

Negative Moment Redistribution in Continuous Beams

193

(9)

Preliminary Ultimate-Load Design

202

(2)

Summary Step-by-Step Procedure for Limit at Failure Design of the Prestressed Members

204

(5)

Ultimate Strength Design of Prestressed Simply Supported Beam by Strain Compatibility

209

(3)

Strength Design of Bonded Prestressed Simply Supported Beam Using Approximate Procedures

212

(4)

SI Flexural Design Expression

216

(7)

SI Flexural Design of Prestressed Beams

218

(2)

Selected References

220

(1)

Problems

221

(2)

Shear and Torsional Strength Design

223

(117)

Introduction

223

(1)

Behavior of Homogeneous Beams in Shear

224

(3)

Behavior of Concrete Beams as Nonhomogeneous Sections

227

(1)

Concrete Beams without Diagonal Tension Reinforcement

228

(4)

Modes of Failure of Beams without Diagonal Tension Reinforcement

229

(1)

Flexural Failure [F]

229

(1)

Diagonal Tension Failure [Flexural Shear, FS]

229

(2)

Shear Compression Failure [Web Shear, WS]

231

(1)

Shear and Principal Stresses in Prestressed Beams

232

(6)

Flexure-Shear Strength [Vci]

233

(3)

Web-Shear Strength [Vcw]

236

(1)

Controlling Values of Vci and Vcw for the Determination of Web Concrete Strength Vc

237

(1)

Web-Shear Reinforcement

238

(4)

Web Steel Planar Truss Analogy

238

(1)

Web Steel Resistance

238

(3)

Limitation on Size and Spacing of Stirrups

241

(1)

Horizontal Shear Strength in Composite Construction

242

(4)

Service-Load Level

242

(1)

Ultimate-Load Level

243

(2)

Design of Composite-Action Dowel Reinforcement

245

(1)

Web Reinforcement Design Procedure for Shear

246

(3)

Principal Tensile Stresses in Flanged Sections and Design of Dowel-Action Vertical Steel in Composite Sections

249

(1)

Dowel Steel Design for Composite Action

250

(1)

Dowel Reinforcement Design for Composite Action in an Inverted T-Beam

251

(2)

Shear Strength and Web-Shear Steel Design in a Prestressed Beam

253

(3)

Web-Shear Steel Design by Detailed Procedures

256

(3)

Design of Web Reinforcement for a PCI Double T-Beam

259

(4)

Brackets and Corbels

263

(15)

Shear Friction Hypothesis for Shear Transfer in Corbels

264

(2)

Horizontal External Force Effect

266

(3)

Sequence of Corbel Design Steps

269

(1)

Design of a Bracket or Corbel

270

(2)

SI Expressions for Shear in Prestressed Concrete Beams

272

(2)

SI Shear Design of Prestressed Beams

274

(4)

Torsional Behavior and Strength

278

(6)

Introduction

278

(1)

Pure Torsion in Plain Concrete Elements

279

(5)

Torsion in Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Elements

284

(20)

Skew-Bending Theory

285

(2)

Space Truss Analogy Theory

287

(2)

Compression Field Theory

289

(4)

Plasticity Equilibrium Truss Theory

293

(5)

Design of Prestressed Concrete Beams Subjected to Combined Torsion, Shear, and Bending in Accordance with the ACI 318-05 Code

298

(5)

SI-Metric Expressions for Torsion Equations

303

(1)

Design Procedure for Combined Torsion and Shear

304

(4)

Design of Web Reinforcement for Combined Torsion and Shear in Prestressed Beams

308

(9)

Strut-and-Tie Model Analysis and Design of Concrete Elements

317

(14)

Introduction

317

(1)

Strut-and-Tie Mechanism

318

(3)

ACI Design Requirements

321

(3)

Example 5.10: Design of Deep Beam by Strut-and-Tie Method

324

(4)

Example 5.11: Design of Corbel by the Strut-and-Tie Method

328

(3)

SI Combined Torsion and Shear Design of Prestressed Beam

331

(9)

Selected References

335

(1)

Problems

336

(4)

Indeterminate Prestressed Concrete Structures

340

(78)

Introduction

340

(1)

Disadvantages of Continuity in Prestressing

341

(1)

Tendon Layout for Continuous Beams

341

(3)

Elastic Analysis for Prestress Continuity

344

(3)

Introduction

344

(1)

Support Displacement Method

344

(3)

Equivalent Load Method

347

(1)

Examples Involving Continuity

347

(7)

Effect of Continuity on Transformation of C-Line for Draped Tendons

347

(5)

Effect of Continuity on Transformation of C-Line for Harped Tendons

352

(2)

Linear Transformation and Concordance of Tendons

354

(4)

Verification of Tendon Linear Transformation Theorem

355

(3)

Concordance Hypotheses

358

(1)

Ultimate Strength and Limit State at Failure of Continuous Beams

358

(4)

General Considerations

358

(3)

Moment Redistribution

361

(1)

Tendon Profile Envelope and Modifications

362

(1)

Tendon and C-Line Location in Continuous Beams

362

(11)

Tendon Transformation to Utilize Advantages of Continuity

373

(5)

Design for Continuity Using Nonprestressed Steel at Support

378

(1)

Indeterminate Frames and Portals

379

(22)

General Properties

379

(3)

Forces and Moments in Portal Frames

382

(4)

Application to Prestressed Concrete Frames

386

(3)

Design of Prestressed Concrete Bonded Frame

389

(12)

Limit Design (Analysis) of Indeterminate Beams and Frames

401

(17)

Method of Imposed Rotations

402

(3)

Determination of Plastic Hinge Rotations in Continuous Beams

405

(3)

Rotational Capacity of Plastic Hinges

408

(3)

Calculation of Available Rotational Capacity

411

(1)

Check for Plastic Rotation Serviceability

412

(1)

Transverse Confining Reinforcement for Seismic Design

413

(1)

Selection of Confining Reinforcement

414

(1)

Selected References

415

(2)

Problems

417

(1)

Camber, Deflection, and Crack Control

418

(82)

Introduction

418

(1)

Basic Assumptions in Deflection Calculations

419

(1)

Short-Term (Instantaneous) Deflection of Uncracked and Cracked Members

420

(13)

Load-Deflection Relationship

420

(3)

Uncracked Sections

423

(4)

Cracked Sections

427

(6)

Short-Term Deflection at Service Load

433

(6)

Example 7.3 Non-Composite Uncracked Double T-Beam Deflection

433

(6)

Short-Term Deflection of Cracked Prestressed Beams

439

(1)

Short-Term Deflection of the Beam in Example 4.3 if Cracked

439

(1)

Construction of Moment-Curvature Diagram

440

(6)

Long-Term Effects on Deflection and Camber

446

(7)

PCI Multipliers Method

446

(2)

Incremental Time-Steps Method

448

(2)

Approximate Time-Steps Method

450

(2)

Computer Methods for Deflection Evaluation

452

(1)

Deflection of Composite Beams

452

(1)

Permissible Limits of Calculated Deflection

453

(1)

Long-Term Camber and Deflection Calculation by the PCI Multipliers Method

454

(4)

Long-Term Camber and Deflection Calculation by the Incremental Time-Steps Method

458

(11)

Long-Term Camber and Deflection Computation by the Approximate Time-Steps Method

469

(3)

Long-Term Deflection of Composite Double-T Cracked Beam

472

(7)

Cracking Behavior and Crack Control in Prestressed Beams

479

(6)

Introduction

479

(1)

Mathematical Model Formulation for Serviceability Evaluation

479

(1)

Expressions for Pretensioned Beams

480

(1)

Expressions for Post-Tensioned Beams

481

(2)

ACI New Code Provisions

483

(1)

Long-Term Effects on Crack-Width Development

484

(1)

Tolerable Crack Widths

485

(1)

Crack Width and Spacing Evaluation in Pretensioned T-Beam Without Mild Steel

485

(1)

Crack Width and Spacing Evaluation in Pretensioned T-Beam Containing Nonprestressed Steel

486

(1)

Crack Width and Spacing Evaluation in Pretensioned I-Beam Containing Nonprestressed Mild Steel

487

(1)

Crack Width and Spacing Evaluation for Post-tensioned T-Beam Containing Nonprestressed Steel

488

(2)

Crack Control by ACI Code Provisions

490

(1)

SI Deflection and Cracking Expressions

490

(1)

SI Deflection Control

491

(5)

SI Crack Control

496

(4)

Selected References

496

(1)

Problems

497

(3)

Prestressed Compression and Tension Members

500

(54)

Introduction

500

(1)

Prestressed Compression Members: Load-Moment Interaction in Columns and Piles

501

(6)

Strength Reduction Factor φ

507

(1)

Operational Procedure for the Design of Nonslender Prestressed Compression Members

508

(1)

Construction of Nominal Load-Moment (Pn-Mn) and Design (Pu-Mu) Interaction Diagrams

509

(6)

Limit State at Buckling Failure of Slender (Long) Prestressed Columns

515

(5)

Buckling Considerations

519

(1)

Moment Magnification Method: First-Order Analysis

520

(3)

Moment Magnification in Non-Sway Frames

521

(1)

Moment Magnification in Sway Frames

522

(1)

Second-Order Frame Analysis and P -- Δ Effects

523

(2)

Operational Procedure and Flowchart for the Design of Slender Columns

525

(1)

Design of Slender (Long) Prestressed Column

525

(6)

Compression Members in Biaxial Bending

531

(6)

Exact Method of Analysis

531

(1)

Load Contour Method of Analysis

532

(3)

Step-by-Step Operational Procedure for the Design of Biaxially Loaded Columns

535

(2)

Practical Design Considerations

537

(3)

Longitudinal or Main Reinforcement

537

(1)

Lateral Reinforcement for Columns

537

(3)

Reciprocal Load Method for Biaxial Bending

540

(2)

Modified Load Contour Method for Biaxial Bending

542

(2)

Design of Biaxially Loaded Prestressed Concrete Column by the Modified Load Contour Method

542

(2)

Prestressed Tension Members

544

(4)

Service-Load Stresses

544

(2)

Deformation Behavior

546

(1)

Decompression and Cracking

547

(1)

Limit State at Failure and Safety Factors

547

(1)

Suggested Step-by-Step Procedure for the Design of Tension Members

548

(1)

Design of Linear Tension Members

548

(6)

Selected References

551

(1)

Problems

552

(2)

Two-Way Prestressed Concrete Floor Systems

554

(78)

Introduction: Review of Methods

554

(4)

The Semielastic ACI Code Approach

557

(1)

The Yield-Line Theory

557

(1)

The Limit Theory of Plates

557

(1)

The Strip Method

557

(1)

Summary

558

(1)

Flexural Behavior of Two-Way Slabs and Plates

558

(1)

Two-Way Action

558

(1)

Relative Stiffness Effects

558

(1)

The Equivalent Frame Method

559

(8)

Introduction

559

(1)

Limitations of the Direct Design Method

560

(1)

Determination of the Statical Moment Mo

561

(2)

Equivalent Frame Analysis

563

(3)

Pattern Loading of Spans

566

(1)

Two-Directional Load Balancing

567

(2)

Flexural Strength of Prestressed Plates

569

(3)

Design Moments Mu

569

(3)

Banding of Prestressing Tendons and Limiting Concrete Stresses

572

(5)

Distribution of Prestressing Tendons

572

(1)

Limiting Concrete Tensile Stresses at Service Load

573

(4)

Load-Balancing Design of a Single-Panel Two-Way Floor Slab

577

(5)

One-Way Slab Systems

582

(1)

Shear-Moment Transfer to Columns Supporting Flat Plates

583

(4)

Shear Strength

583

(1)

Shear-Moment Transfer

583

(3)

Deflection Requirements for Minimum Thickness: An Indirect Approach

586

(1)

Step-by-Step Trial-and-Adjustment Procedure for the Design of a Two-Way Prestressed Slab and Plate System

587

(5)

Design of Prestressed Post-Tensioned Flat-Plate Floor System

592

(18)

Direct Method of Deflection Evaluation

610

(3)

The Equivalent Frame Approach

610

(1)

Column and Middle Strip Deflections

611

(2)

Deflection Evaluation of Two-Way Prestressed Concrete Floor Slabs

613

(3)

Yield-Line Theory for Two-Way-Action Plates

616

(12)

Fundamental Concepts of Hinge-Field Failure Mechanisms in Flexure

617

(5)

Failure Mechanisms and Moment Capacities of Slabs of Various Shapes Subjected to Distributed or Concentrated Loads

622

(6)

Yield-Line Moment Strength of a Two-Way Prestressed Concrete Plate

628

(4)

Selected References

629

(1)

Problems

630

(2)

Connections for Prestressed Concrete Elements

632

(28)

Introduction

632

(1)

Tolerances

633

(1)

Composite Members

633

(1)

Reinforced Concrete Bearing in Composite Members

634

(6)

Reinforced Bearing Design

638

(2)

Dapped-End Beam Connections

640

(7)

Determination of Reinforcement to Resist Failure

641

(3)

Dapped-End Beam Connection Design

644

(3)

Reinforced Concrete Brackets and Corbels

647

(1)

Concrete Beam Ledges

647

(4)

Design of Ledge Beam Connection

649

(2)

Selected Connection Details

651

(9)

Selected References

659

(1)

Problems

659

(1)

Prestressed Concrete Circular Storage Tanks and Steel Roofs

660

(82)

Introduction

660

(1)

Design Principles and Procedures

661

(13)

Internal Loads

661

(3)

Restraining Moment Mo and Radial Shear Force Qo at Freely Sliding Wall Base Due to Liquid Pressure

664

(5)

General Equations of Forces and Displacements

669

(4)

Ring Shear Qo and Moment Mo, Gas Containment

673

(1)

Moment Mo and Ring Force Qo in Liquid Retaining Tank

674

(2)

Ring Force Qy at Intermediate Heights of Wall

676

(1)

Cylindrical Steel Membrane Coefficients

677

(2)

Prestressing Effects on Wall Stresses for Fully Hinged, Partially Sliding and Hinged, Fully Fixed, and Partially Fixed Bases

679

(25)

Freely Sliding Wall Base

694

(1)

Hinged Wall Base

694

(1)

Partially Sliding and Hinged Wall Base

695

(1)

Fully Fixed Wall Base

695

(4)

Partially Fixed Wall Base

699

(5)

Recommended Practice for Situ-Cast and Precast Prestressed Concrete Circular Storage Tanks

704

(4)

Stresses

704

(1)

Required Strength Load Factors

705

(1)

Minimum Wall-Design Requirements

706

(2)

Crack Control in Walls of Circular Prestressed Concrete Tanks

708

(1)

Tank Roof Design

708

(7)

Membrane Theory of Spherical Domes

709

(6)

Prestressed Concrete Tanks with Circumferential Tendons

715

(1)

Seismic Design of Liquid Containment Tank Structures

715

(5)

Step-by-Step Procedure for the Design of Circular Prestressed Concrete Tanks and Dome Roofs

720

(7)

Design of Circular Prestressed Concrete Water-Retaining Tank and Its Domed Roof

727

(15)

Selected References

740

(1)

Problems

741

(1)

LRFD and Standard Aashto Design of Concrete Bridges

742

(80)

Introduction: Safety and Reliability

742

(2)

AASHTO Standard (LFD) and LRFD Truck Load Specifications

744

(14)

Loads

745

(3)

Wheel Load Distribution on Bridge Decks: Standard AASHTO Specifications (LFD)

748

(2)

Bending Moments in Bridge Deck Slabs: Standard AASHTO Specifications (LFD)

750

(1)

Wind Loads

751

(1)

Seismic Forces

751

(1)

AASHTO LFD Load Combinations

751

(2)

LRFD Load Combinations

753

(5)

Flexural Design Considerations

758

(4)

Strain ε and Factor φ Variations: The Strain Limits Approach

758

(2)

Factored Flexural Resistance

760

(1)

Flexural Design Parameters

760

(1)

Reinforcement Limits

761

(1)

Shear Design Considerations

762

(4)

The Modified Compression Field Theory

762

(1)

Design Expressions

763

(3)

Horizontal Interface Shear

766

(3)

Maximum Spacing of Dowel Reinforcement

769

(1)

Combined Shear and Torsion

769

(2)

AASHTO-LRFD Flexural-Strength Design Specifications vs. ACI Code Provisions

771

(3)

Step-by-Step Design Procedure (LRFD)

774

(4)

LRFD Design of Bulb-Tee Bridge Deck

778

(14)

LRFD Shear and Deflection Design

792

(7)

Standard AASHTO Flexural Design of Prestressed Bridge Deck Beams (LFD)

799

(8)

Standard AASHTO Shear Reinforcement Design of Bridge Deck Beams

807

(4)

Shear and Torsion Reinforcement Design of a Box-Girder Bridge

811

(7)

LRFD Major Design Expressions in SI Format

818

(4)

Selected References

819

(1)

Problems

820

(2)

Seismic Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures

822

(79)

Introduction: Mechanism of Earthquakes

822

(5)

Earthquake Ground Motion Characteristics

824

(1)

Fundamental Period of Vibration

825

(1)

Design Philosophy

826

(1)

Spectral Response Method

827

(8)

Spectral Response Acceleration Maps

827

(1)

Design Parameters

827

(4)

Earthquake Design Load Classifications

831

(2)

Redundancy

833

(1)

General Procedure Response Spectrum

833

(2)

Equivalent Lateral Force Method

835

(7)

Horizontal Base Shear

835

(3)

Vertical Distribution of Forces

838

(1)

Horizontal Distribution of Story Shear Vx

838

(1)

Rigid and Flexible Diaphragms

839

(1)

Torsion

839

(1)

Story Drift and the P-Delta Effect

839

(2)

Overturning

841

(1)

Simplified Analysis Procedure for Seismic Design of Buildings

841

(1)

Other Aspects in Seismic Design

842

(1)

Seismic Shear Forces in Beams and Columns of a Frame: Strong Column--WeakBeam Concept

842

(3)

Probable Shears and Moments

842

(2)

Strong Column Weak Beam Concept

844

(1)

ACI Confining Reinforcements for Structural Concrete Members

845

(8)

Longitudinal Reinforcement in Compression Members

845

(2)

Transverse Confining Reinforcement

847

(1)

Horizontal Shear at the Joint of Beam--Column Connections

848

(2)

Development of Reinforcement

850

(1)

Allowable Shear Stresses in Structural Walls, Diaphragms, and Coupling Beams

850

(3)

Seismic Design Concepts in High-Rise Buildings and Other Structures

853

(3)

General Concepts

853

(1)

Ductility of Elements and Plastic Hinging

854

(2)

Durability Demand Due to Drift Effect

856

(1)

Structural Systems in Seismic Zones

856

(9)

Structural Ductile Frames

856

(4)

Dywidag Ductile Beam--Column Connection: DDC Assembly

860

(1)

Structural Walls in High Seismicity Zones (Shear Walls)

860

(4)

Unbonded Precast Post-Tensioned Walls

864

(1)

Dual Systems

865

(3)

Design Procedure for Earthquake-Resistant Structures

868

(4)

SI Seismic Design Expressions

872

(3)

Seismic Base Shear and Lateral Forces and Moments by the IBC Approach

875

(3)

Seismic Shear Wall Design and Detailing

878

(6)

Example 13.3 Structural Precast Wall Base Connection Design

884

(2)

Design of Precast Prestressed Ductile Frame Connection in a High-Rise Building in High-Seismicity Zone Using Dywidag Ductile Connection Assembly (DDC)

886

(5)

Design of Precast Prestressed Ductile Frame Connection in a High-Rise Building in High-Seismicity Zone Using a Hybrid Connector System

891

(10)

SelectedReferences

896

(2)

Problems

898

(3)

Appendix A Unit Conversions, Design Information, Properties of Reinforcement

901

(22)

Appendix B Selected Typical Standard Precast Double Tees, Inverted Tees, Hollow Core Sections, and Aashto Bridge Sections

923

(16)

Index

939

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Prestressed Concrete : A Fundamental Approach

Prestressed Concrete : A Fundamental Approach

9780131497597

0131497596

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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