Contents

Thematic Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1 Writing Myths and Rituals

Writing Fitness: Rituals and Practice

    Place, Time, and Tools

    Energy and Attitude

    Keeping a Journal

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

“On Keeping a Journal” by Roy Hoffman

Chapter 2 Situations, Purposes, and Processes for Writing

The Rhetorical Situation

    Elements of the Rhetorical Situation

    Why the Rhetorical Situation Is Important

Purposes for Writing

    Writer-Based Purposes

    Subject- and Audience-Based Purposes

    Combinations of Purposes

    Subject, Purpose, and Thesis

Purpose and Audience

    Audience Analysis

Purpose, Audience, and Genre

Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation

    Purpose, Audience, and Context in Two Essays

“The Struggle to Be an All-American Girl” by Elizabeth Wong

“I’m OK, but You’re Not” by Robert Zoellner

Dimensions of the Writing Process

    Collecting

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Revising

    The Whole Process

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

A Writing Process at Work: Collecting and Shaping

“Athletes and Education” by Neil H. Petrie

“On Writing ‘Athletes and Education’” by Neil Petrie

A Writing Process at Work: Drafting and Revising

From the Rough Draft of “The Declaration of Independence” by Thomas Jefferson

Chapter 3 Observing and Remembering

Techniques for Observing

    Observing People

    Observing Places

    Observing Objects

Techniques for Remembering

    Remembering People

    Remembering Places

    Remembering Objects

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

“Cesar Chavez Saved My Life” by Daniel “Nene” Alejandrez

Observing and Remembering: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Observing and Remembering

    Choosing a Subject

    Collecting

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Revising

    Peer Response

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“The Wind Catcher” by Todd Petry (student)

“The Red Chevy” by Juli Bovard (student)

Chapter 4 Reading Critically and Rhetorically

Techniques for Reading Critically and Responding to Texts

    Critical Reading Strategies

    Summarizing and Responding to an Essay

“Teach Diversity—with a Smile” by Barbara Ehrenreich

    Summarizing

Summary of “Teach Diversity—with a Smile”

    Responding

Response to “Teach Diversity—with a Smile”

    *Rhetorical Reading and Analysis

    *Rhetorical Appeals

*“Letter from Birmingham Jail,” by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

    *Rhetorical Analysis Guide

*Rhetorical Summary and Response to “Letter from Birmingham Jail”

WARMING UP Journal Exercises

Reading and Writing Processes

*ASSIGNMENT for Reading/Writing

    Choosing a Subject

    Prereading Journal Entry

“Plagiarism in America” by Dudley Erskine Devlin

    Collecting

    Sample Summaries

    Shaping

    Response Shaping

    Organizing Summary/Response and Rhetorical Analysis Essays

    Drafting

    Revising

    Peer Response

    Postscript on the Writing Process

”Rhetorical Analysis of Gregory Petsko’s Open Letter to George M. Philip” by Allyson McGrath (student)

“Two Responses to Deborah Tannen” by Jennifer Koester and Sonja H. Browe (students)

Chapter 5 Analyzing and Designing Visuals

Techniques for Analyzing Visuals

    Analyzing Visuals

    Analyzing Visuals with Text

    Analyzing Visuals in Context

“Progress or Not” by Jonathan Alter

“Who’s a Looter?” by Tania Ralli

    Analyzing the Genre of the Visual

    Rhetorical Appeals to the Audience

Techniques for Designing Visuals

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

* “Analysis of RosettaStone Ad” by Sarah Kay Hurst (student)

Processes for Analyzing and Designing Visuals

ASSIGNMENT for Analyzing Visuals

ASSIGNMENT for Designing Visuals

    Choosing a Subject

    Collecting

    Shaping

 “Triple Self-Portrait” by Charles Rosen and Henri Zerner

 “Coming Home” by Carolyn Kleiner Butler

    Drafting

    Revising

    Peer Response

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“Some Don’t Like Their Blues at All” by Karyn M. Lewis (student)

Chapter 6 Investigating

Techniques for Investigative Writing

    Report on a Research Study

“Drivers on Cell Phones Are as Bad as Drunks”

    Brief Report with Graphics

“Gimme An A (I Insist!)” by Abigail Sullivan Moore

    Profile of a Person

* “How Many Steven Colberts Are There?” by Charles McGrath

    Interview

* “Doctor’s Orders”

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

“Surfin’ the Louvre” by Elizabeth Larsen

Investigating: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Investigating

    Choosing a Subject

    Community Service Learning

    Collecting

    Research Tips

    Doing Field Research

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Peer Response

    Revising

    Guidelines for Revision

    Postscript on the Writing Process

*“Permanent Tracings “ by Jennifer Macke (student)

Chapter 7 Explaining

Techniques for Explaining

    Explaining What: Definition

*“FOMO and Social Media” by Caterina Fake

    Explaining How: Process Analysis

    Explaining Why: Causal Analysis

*”How Baseball Explains Modern Racism” by David Sirota

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

“Multiracialness” by LaMer Steptoe (student)

“How to Take Control of Your Credit Cards” by Suze Orman

“How Male and Female Students Use Language Differently” by Deborah Tannen

Explaining: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Explaining

    Choosing a Subject

    Collecting

    Research Tips

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Revising

    Peer Response

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“White Lies: White-Collar Crime in America” by Chris Blakely (student)

“Anorexia Nervosa” by Nancie Brosseau (student)

Chapter 8 Evaluating

Techniques for Writing Evaluations

“Hunan Dynasty” by Phyllis C. Richman

    Evaluating Commercial Products or Services

“Cell Phone Face-Off,” by Consumer Reports

“Bud Light, Coors Light, Miller Lite: Is There Any Difference” by Eric Asimov

    Evaluating Works of Art

    Evaluating Performances

* “The Maids Now Have Their Say” by Manohla Dargis

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

“Today’s Special” by David Sedaris

Evaluating: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Evaluating

    Choosing a Subject

    Collecting

    Shaping

    Research Tips

    Drafting

    Peer Response

    Revising

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“Vulgar Propriety” by Courtney Klockeman (student)

Chapter 9 Problem Solving

Techniques for Problem Solving

    Demonstrating That a Problem Exists

    Proposing a Solution and Convincing Your Readers

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

*Casebook on Education

*“Your So-Called Education” by Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa

* “But Can They Write?” by Lynn O’Shaunessy

* “Debt by Degrees” by James Surowiecki

* “Even for Cashiers, College Pays Off” by David Leonhardt

* “An Open Letter to George M. Philip President of the State University of New York at Albany” by Gregory Petsko

“The Argument Culture” by Deborah Tannen 000

Problem Solving: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Problem Solving

    Choosing a Subject

    Collecting

    Research Tips

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Peer Response

    Revising

    Postscript on the Writing Process

* “Can Citizen Journalism Pick Up the Pieces?” by Adam Richman (student)

Chapter 10 Arguing

Techniques for Writing Arguments

    Claims for Written Argument

    Appeals for Written Argument

    Rogerian Argument

    The Toulmin Method of Argument

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

“The Internet: A Clear and Present Danger?” by Cathleen A. Cleaver

    Multigenre Casebook on Web 2.0

“You Have No Friends” by Farhad Manjoo

“…And Why I Hate It” by Sarah Kliff

*“Social Networking Gets Most Online Time”

*”Cyberbullying” by Jennifer Holladay

*”Bullying as True Drama” by Danah Boyd and Alice Marwick

*”Facebook Wrestles with Free Speech and Civility” by Miguel Helft

“Wikipedia and the Meaning of Truth” by Simson L. Garfinkel

“Why You Can’t Cite Wikipedia in My Class” by Neil L. Waters

“Professors Should Embrace Wikipedia” by Mark A. Wilson

* “Does the Internet Make You Dumber” by Nicholas Carr

Arguing: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Arguing

    Choosing a Subject

    Collecting

    Shaping

    Research Tips

    Drafting

    Revising

    Peer Response

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“Welfare Is Still Necessary for Women and Children in the U.S.” by Crystal Sabatke (student)

Chapter 11 Responding to Literature

Responding to a Short Story

“The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin

Responding to a Poem

“Musée des Beaux Arts” by W. H. Auden

Techniques for Responding to Literature

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

    Purposes for Responding to Literature

    Responding to Short Fiction

 “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara

    Responding to Poetry

    Five Contemporary Poems by Aurora Levins Morales, Taylor Mali, Joy Harjo, Wislawa Szymborska, and Yusef Komunyakaa

Responding to Literature: The Writing Process

ASSIGNMENT for Responding to Literature

    Collecting

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Revising

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“Facing It: Reflections on War” by Grace Rexroth (student)

“Death: The Final Freedom” by Pat Russell (student)

*Chapter 12  Researching

Techniques for Researching

    Developing a Topic, Purpose, and Audience

    Planning Research

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

    Types of Sources

WARMING UP: Journal Exercises

    Finding Reliable Secondary Sources

    Evaluating Sources: Relevance, Currency, and Reliability

    Evaluating Specific Types of Sources

Researching: The Writing Process

*ASSIGNMENT for Researching: Research proposal and annotated bibliography

    Choosing: Narrowing and Focusing Your Topic

    Collecting and Notetaking

    Shaping Your Research Proposal

    Drafting an Annotated Working Bibliography

    Guidelines for Revision

    Peer Response

    Postscript on the Writing Process

“A Research Proposal on the Rwanda Genocide and the Effects of Media” by Carrie Gingrich (student)

*Chapter 13 Researched Writing

Techniques for Writing a Researched Essay

    Writing a Working Thesis

    Establishing Claims

    Using Sources to Support Your Claims

    Synthesizing Sources

    Avoiding Plagiarism

    Using MLA or APA Documentation

Researched Essay: Writing Process

*ASSIGNMENT for Writing a Research Essay

    Shaping

    Drafting

    Revising

    Peer Response

    Documenting Sources

    MLA Style Research Paper

*“Learning about the Rwandan Genocide: Misconceptions and Film” by Carrie Gingrich (student)

Appendix: Writing Under Pressure

Know Your Audience

Analyze Key Terms

Make a Sketch Outline

Know the Material

Practice Writing

Proofread and Edit

Sample Essay Questions and Responses

Index

* new to this edition

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