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Politics and Policy in American States and Communities

ISBN: 9780321330987 | 0321330986
Edition: 5th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Longman
Pub. Date: 1/1/2006

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SummaryTable of Contents
This text distinguishes itself through its extremely accessible writing style, relative brevity, inclusion of unique topics such as tribal governments, and its focus on the relationship between government and the governed. As the authors have done in previous editions, their approach to the study of state and local governments personalizes the material, making it more meaningful to the student.
... MORE
Prefaceix
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 Face-to-Face Governance
1(15)
Scope
3(2)
Capacity
5(3)
Participation
8(6)
Plan of this Book
14(2)
SECTION 2 LAYING THE FOUNDATION
Chapter 2 State Diversity, Growth and Decline, and the Contemporary Urban Dilemma
16(39)
Values
19(2)
Political Cultures
21(4)
An Introductory Tour of the States
25(8)
Metropolitan Development
33(7)
Patterns of Interregional Growth and Decline
40(8)
The New Immigration and Metropolitan Growth
48(1)
The Consequences of Growth and Decline
49(2)
Summary and Conclusions
51(4)
Chapter 3 Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations
55(40)
Constitutional Developments
58(4)
The Phases of Federalism
62(19)
The Plight of Local Governments in the Federal System
81(2)
Regulatory Federalism
83(3)
Relations among the States
86(3)
Relations with Indian Nations
89(2)
Summary and Conclusions
91(4)
Chapter 4 Constitutions and Charters
95(31)
History of State Constitutions
97(11)
Major Features of State Constitutions
108(9)
Local Government Charters
117(3)
Types of Local Governments
120(3)
Summary and Conclusions
123(3)
Chapter 5 Policy-Making Processes
126(37)
Public Policy Instruments
127(4)
Individual and Group Participation in Public Policy Making
131(5)
The Centrality of Lawmaking in Shaping Public Policy
136(1)
The Substantive Bill State Legislative Process
137(10)
The State Budgetary Process
147(13)
Summary and Conclusions
160(3)
SECTION 3 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Chapter 6 Grassroots Participation
163(22)
Access to Government
165(2)
Who Participates?
167(4)
Ways of Participating
171(2)
Direct Democracy
173(9)
Summary and Conclusions
182(3)
Chapter 7 Interest Groups
185(28)
General Trends
187(2)
Internal Characteristics
189(9)
Functions and Activities
198(7)
Impact of Interest Groups
205(4)
Summary and Conclusions
209(4)
Chapter 8 Political Parties and Elections
213(34)
The Roles of Political Parties
215(3)
Party Organization
218(3)
Informal Organizations
221(3)
Consultants
224(1)
Party Nominations
225(1)
Campaigns
226(4)
Campaign Finances
230(6)
Independent Expenditures
236(2)
Term Limits
238(1)
The Election
239(1)
Party Competition
240(4)
Summary and Conclusions
244(3)
SECTION 4 THE INSTITUTION OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Chapter 9 Governors
247(27)
Historical Developments
249(1)
Formal Powers
250(13)
Roles
263(6)
Governors as Individuals
269(1)
Governors and Mobility
270(1)
Summary and Conclusions
271(3)
Chapter 10 State Legislatures
274(33)
What Legislatures Do
279(2)
Legislative Organization
281(2)
Legislative Leadership
283(5)
Legislative Committees
288(2)
Members
290(2)
Legislative Reform
292(4)
Calls for Term Limits
296(2)
The Changing Executive-Legislative Balance
298(5)
Legislative Decision Making
303(1)
Summary and Conclusions
304(3)
Chapter 11 Local Government Executives and Legislatures
307(26)
Community Power
309(3)
Executive and Legislative Institutions in Municipal Government
312(4)
Patterns of Executive and Legislative Relations in Municipal Government
316(7)
County Governments
323(2)
Townships
325(1)
School Districts
326(2)
Other Special Districts
328(1)
Summary and Conclusions
329(4)
Chapter 12 Bureaucracies
333(32)
The Nature of Bureaucracy
334(5)
Profile of Public Employees
339(2)
Personnel Management
341(8)
Agency Discretion and Accountability
349(3)
Independent Regulatory Agencies
352(7)
Privatization
359(2)
Summary and Conclusions
361(4)
Chapter 13 Courts
365(27)
State and Federal Courts
367(4)
State, Tribal, and Federal Courts
371(1)
Structures
372(3)
Role of State's Attorney or Attorney General
375(5)
Process
380(5)
Judicial Actions
385(2)
Selection of Judges
387(2)
Discipline and Removal of Judges
389(1)
Juries
390(2)
Summary and Conclusions
392(3)
SECTION 5 PUBLIC POLICIES
Chapter 14 Crime and Corrections
395(28)
The Nature and Incidence of Crime
396(7)
Approaches to Crime
403(4)
Incarceration
407(9)
Crime and the Constitution
416(4)
Summary and Conclusions
420(3)
Chapter 15 Educational Policy
423(36)
Primary and Secondary Education
425(12)
Educational Alternatives
437(5)
The Equity or Excellence Debate
442(3)
The Courts' Renewed Interest in Fiscal Equity
445(2)
Higher Education
447(8)
Summary and Conclusions
455(4)
Chapter 16 Social Welfare and Health Policy
459(39)
Social Welfare Policy
460(4)
Public Assistance Programs
464(3)
Who Are the Poor?
467(4)
Welfare Reform
471(12)
Health Policy
483(8)
The National Debate Over Health Care Reform
491(2)
Implications for the States
493(1)
Summary and Conclusions
494(4)
Chapter 17 Environmental Policy and Economic Development
498(33)
Federalism and Environmental Policy Making
502(1)
Federal Initiatives in the Environmental Decade
503(4)
Reagan's Redirection of Environmental Regulation
507(1)
Bush and Clinton: More Environmentally Friendly Administrations
508(6)
George W. Bush and Expanded Market-Based Incentives
514(1)
The States' Prominence in Environmental Protection
515(2)
The Environmental Challenges Lying Ahead
517(1)
The Allure of Economic Development
518(6)
Environmental Protection and Economic Development: A Strained Relationship?
524(1)
Summary and Conclusions
525(6)
Chapter 18 Fiscal Policy and Financial Management
531(29)
The Economy and Taxing and Spending
535(2)
Taxing and Spending Comparisons among the States
537(5)
Financing State and Local Governments
542(5)
Evaluating State and Local Taxes
547(3)
Executive and Legislative Balance in Fiscal Policy Making
550(2)
State and Local Financial Management
552(5)
Summary and Conclusions
557(3)
SECTION 6 CONCLUSION
Chapter 19 Responding to Pressing Public Problems
560(12)
The Individual Citizen's Perspective
562(1)
Perspectives of Organized Interest Groups
563(1)
The Perspective of Local Government Policymakers
563(1)
The Perspective of State Policymakers
564(2)
Perspectives and Politics
566(1)
Government Responses
567(3)
Responding with Solutions
570(2)
Career Guide Supplement572
Index

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