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Politics and Policy in American States and Communities

ISBN: 9780321087065 | 0321087062
Edition: 3rd
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
Pub. Date: 6/1/2001

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SummaryTable of Contents
This text distinguishes itself through its extremely accessible writing style, relative brevity, inclusion of unique topics such as tribal governments, and its focus on the relationship between government and the governed. As the authors have done in previous editions, their approach to the study of state and local governments personalizes the material, making it more meaningful to the student.
With a unique organizing themea face-to-face approachthe text shows how individuals are affected by decisions of governmen... MORE
Prefacexiii
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
Face-to-Face Governance
1(13)
Scope
3(1)
... MORE4(3)
Participation
7(5)
Plan of this Book
12(2)
SECTION 2 LAYING THE FOUNDATION
State Diversity, Growth and Decline, and the Contemporary Urban Dilemma
14(34)
Values
16(2)
Political Cultures
18(3)
An Introductory Tour of the States
21(7)
Metropolitan Development
28(5)
Patterns of Interregional Growth and Decline
33(8)
The New Immigration and Metropolitan Growth
41(2)
The Consequences of Growth and Decline
43(1)
Summary and Conclusions
44(4)
Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations
48(30)
Constitutional Developments
50(4)
The Phases of Federalism
54(13)
The Plight of Local Governments in the Federal System
67(3)
Regulatory Federalism
70(3)
Relations among the States
73(2)
Summary and Conclusions
75(3)
Constitutions and Charters
78(26)
History of State Constitutions
80(9)
Major Features of State Constitutions
89(7)
Local Government Charters
96(2)
Types of Local Governments
98(3)
Summary and Conclusions
101(3)
Policy-Making Processes: The Framework for Participation
104(30)
Public Policy Instruments
105(2)
Individual and Group Participation in Public Policy Making
107(4)
The Centrality of Lawmaking in Shaping Public Policy
111(1)
The Substantive Bill State Legislative Process
112(9)
The State Budgetary Process
121(10)
Summary and Conclusions
131(3)
SECTION 3 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Grassroots Participation
134(19)
Access to Government
135(2)
Who Participates?
137(3)
Ways of Participating
140(3)
Direct Democracy
143(7)
Summary and Conclusions
150(3)
Interest Groups
153(22)
General Trends
154(2)
Internal Characteristics
156(7)
Functions and Activities
163(7)
Impact of Interest Groups
170(2)
Summary and Conclusions
172(3)
Political Parties and Elections
175(26)
The Roles of Political Parties
176(3)
Party Organization
179(3)
Informal Organizations
182(2)
Party Nominations
184(1)
Campaigns
185(3)
Campaign Finances
188(5)
Term Limitations
193(1)
The Election
193(1)
Party Competition
194(4)
Summary and Conclusions
198(3)
SECTION 4 THE INSTITUTIONS OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Governors
201(21)
Historical Developments
202(2)
Formal Powers
204(9)
Roles
213(5)
Governors as Individuals
218(1)
Governors and Mobility
219(1)
Summary and Conclusions
220(2)
State Legislatures
222(29)
What Legislatures Do
226(1)
Legislative Organization
227(2)
Legislative Leadership
229(5)
Legislative Committees
234(2)
Members
236(2)
Legislative Reform
238(4)
Calls for Term Limits
242(1)
The Changing Executive-Legislative Balance
243(4)
Legislative Decision Making
247(1)
Summary and Conclusions
248(3)
Local Government Executives and Legislatures
251(22)
Community Power
253(2)
Executive and Legislative Institutions in Municipal Government
255(3)
Patterns of Executive and Legislative Relations in Municipal Government
258(7)
Country Governments
265(1)
Townships
266(1)
School Districts
267(2)
Other Special Districts
269(1)
Summary and Conclusions
270(3)
Bureaucracies
273(27)
The Nature of Bureaucracy
275(3)
Profile of Public Employees
278(2)
Personnel Management
280(6)
Agency Discretion and Accountability
286(3)
Independent Regulatory Agencies
289(6)
Privatization
295(1)
Summary and Conclusions
296(4)
Courts
300(24)
State Federal Courts
301(3)
State, Tribal, and Federal Courts
304(1)
Structures
305(3)
Role of State's Attorney or Attorney General
308(1)
Process
309(6)
Judicial Actions
315(1)
Selection of Judges
316(2)
Discipline and Removal of Judges
318(1)
Juries
319(1)
Summary and Conclusions
320(4)
SECTION 5 PUBLIC POLICIES
Crime and Corrections
324(20)
The Nature and Incidence of Crime
325(5)
Approaches to Crime
330(8)
Incarceration
338(3)
Crime and the Constitution
341(1)
Summary and Conclusions
341(3)
Educational Policy
344(31)
Primary and Secondary Education
345(11)
Educational Alternatives
356(5)
The Equity of Excellence Debate
361(2)
The Court's Renewed Interest in Fiscal Equity
363(1)
Higher Education
364(7)
Summary and Conclusions
371(4)
Social Welfare and Health Policy
375(32)
Social Welfare Policy
376(3)
Public Assistance Programs
379(2)
Who are the Poor?
381(3)
Welfare Reform
384(10)
Health Policy
394(6)
The National Debate Over Health Care Reform
400(2)
Implications for the States
402(1)
Summary and Conclusions
403(4)
Environmental Policy and Economic Development
407(26)
Federalism and Environmental Policy Making
411(1)
Federal Initiatives in the Environmental Decade
412(2)
Reagan's Redirection of Environmental Regulation
414(2)
Bush and Clinton: More Environmentally Friendly Administrations
416(5)
The Environmental Challenges Lying Ahead
421(1)
The Allure of Economic Development
422(5)
Environmental Protection and Economic Development: A Strained Relationship?
427(1)
Summary and Conclusions
428(5)
Fiscal Policy and Financial Management
433(25)
The Economy and Taxing and Spending
436(2)
Taxing and Spending Comparisons among the States
438(4)
Financing State and Local Governments
442(4)
Evaluating State and Local Taxes
446(3)
Executive and Legislative Balance in Fiscal Policy Making
449(2)
State and Local Financial Management
451(4)
Summary and Conclusions
455(3)
SECTION 6 CONCLUSION
Responding to Pressing Public Problems
458(11)
The Individual Citizen's Perspective
460(1)
Perspectives of Organized Interest Groups
460(1)
The Perspective of Local Government Policy Makers
461(1)
The Prespective of State Policy Makers
462(1)
Perspectives and Politics
463(1)
Government Responses
464(3)
Responding with Solutions
467(2)
Index469

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