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| Preface | p. xiii |
| Perspectives on Aging | p. 1 |
| Basic Concepts in Physical Aging | p. 2 |
| Patterns of Disease | p. 4 |
| Theories of Aging | p. 9 |
| Stochastic Theories | p. 9 |
| Nonstochastic Theories | p. 11 |
| Psychosocial Theories of Aging | p. 13 |
| The Skin, Hair, and Nails | p. 21 |
| Psychosocial Implications | p. 21 |
| C... MORE | p. 23 |
| Functions of the Skin | p. 24 |
| The Hair | p. 25 |
| The Nails | p. 25 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Skin | p. 25 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Hair | p. 28 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Nails | p. 28 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Skin | p. 29 |
| Prevention of Skin Cancer | p. 37 |
| Tips for Maintaining Health Skin | p. 38 |
| The Musculoskeletal System | p. 41 |
| The Skeletal System | p. 41 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Skeletal System | p. 44 |
| Age-Related Skeletal System Disorders | p. 45 |
| The Muscles | p. 56 |
| Specific Age-Related Disorders in Muscles | p. 60 |
| The Nervous System | p. 65 |
| The Central Nervous System | p. 68 |
| The Peripheral Nervous System | p. 73 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Nervous System | p. 74 |
| Age-Related Nervous System Disorders | p. 78 |
| Learning and Memory | p. 85 |
| Dementia and Delirium | p. 89 |
| Delirium | p. 89 |
| Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) | p. 91 |
| Dementia | p. 92 |
| Primary Dementias | p. 93 |
| Secondary Dementias | p. 102 |
| The Sensory Systems | p. 107 |
| Vision | p. 109 |
| Age-Related Changes in Vision | p. 111 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Visual System | p. 116 |
| Audition (Hearing) | p. 119 |
| Age-Related Changes in Hearing | p. 122 |
| Age-Related Disorders of Hearing | p. 126 |
| Vestibular System | p. 127 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Vestibular System | p. 128 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Vestibular System | p. 128 |
| Taste (Gustation) | p. 130 |
| Age-Related Changes in Taste | p. 130 |
| Smell (Olfaction) | p. 131 |
| Age-Related Changes in Smell | p. 131 |
| Age-Related Disorders in Taste and Smell | p. 132 |
| Skin (Cutaneous) Senses | p. 132 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Skin Senses | p. 132 |
| The Importance of Sensory Changes in Aging | p. 133 |
| The Cardiovascular System | p. 135 |
| Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System | p. 136 |
| Age-Related Cardiovascular Changes | p. 142 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Cardiovascular System | p. 145 |
| Vascular Disorders | p. 159 |
| The Respiratory System | p. 163 |
| The Structure of the Respiratory System | p. 163 |
| Functions of the Respiratory System | p. 166 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Respiratory System | p. 167 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Respiratory System | p. 170 |
| Prevention of Respiratory Disease | p. 174 |
| The Gastrointestinal System | p. 177 |
| Components and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System | p. 178 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Gastrointestinal System | p. 183 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System | p. 185 |
| The Urinary System | p. 201 |
| Structure of the Kidneys | p. 202 |
| Functions of the Urinary System | p. 204 |
| Age-Related Changes in die Urinary System | p. 206 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Urinary System | p. 208 |
| The Reproductive System | p. 221 |
| Components and Functions of the Female Reproductive System | p. 221 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Female Reproductive System | p. 222 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Female Reproductive System | p. 225 |
| Components and Functions of the Male Reproductive System | p. 228 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Male Reproductive System | p. 230 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Male Reproductive System | p. 230 |
| Sexuality | p. 231 |
| The Endocrine System | p. 237 |
| Structure of the Endocrine System | p. 238 |
| Age-Related Changes and Disorders of the Endocrine System | p. 242 |
| The Immune System | p. 255 |
| Structure of the Immune System | p. 255 |
| Age-Related Changes in the Immune System | p. 258 |
| Age-Related Disorders of the Immune System | p. 259 |
| Aging with Lifelong Disabilities | p. 263 |
| Congenital Versus Acquired Disability | p. 264 |
| The Complexity of Aging with Disabilities | p. 265 |
| Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities | p. 267 |
| Special Topics | p. 283 |
| Alcoholism | p. 283 |
| Aging Changes and Alcohol | p. 285 |
| Falls | p. 286 |
| Foot Care | p. 290 |
| Pain | p. 293 |
| Health Promotion and Exercise | p. 301 |
| Health Promotion | p. 302 |
| Disease Prevention | p. 302 |
| Strategies for Change | p. 306 |
| Barriers to Health Promotion | p. 307 |
| Exercise | p. 307 |
| Age-Related Changes Modified by Exercise | p. 308 |
| Exercise Programs | p. 310 |
| General Recommendations for Exercise Programs for Older Adults | p. 312 |
| Complementary and Alternative Therapies | p. 317 |
| History | p. 318 |
| Some Complementary and Alternative Therapies | p. 321 |
| Nutrition | p. 331 |
| Psychosocial and Cultural Aspects of Nutrition | p. 333 |
| Physiological Aspects of Nutrition | p. 335 |
| Water and Body Fluids | p. 336 |
| Protein | p. 337 |
| Carbohydrates and Fiber | p. 338 |
| Fats | p. 339 |
| Vitamins and Minerals (Micronutrients) | p. 340 |
| Water Soluble Vitamins | p. 341 |
| Fat Soluble Vitamins | p. 343 |
| Minerals | p. 345 |
| Malnutrition | p. 349 |
| Undernutrition | p. 349 |
| Overnutrition | p. 351 |
| Failure to Thrive | p. 351 |
| Food Labels | p. 352 |
| Older Adults and Institutional Diets | p. 353 |
| Basic Food Groups | p. 354 |
| The Food Guide Pyramid | p. 355 |
| Nutritional Recommendations for Older Adults | p. 357 |
| Education | p. 358 |
| Supplemental Nutrition | p. 359 |
| Community-Based Nutrition Programs for Older Adults | p. 360 |
| Medications and the Elderly | p. 365 |
| Cultural Responses to Drugs | p. 367 |
| Older Adults' Responses to Drugs | p. 367 |
| Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs | p. 370 |
| Generic Drugs | p. 371 |
| Adverse Drug Reactions | p. 372 |
| Drug Therapy | p. 378 |
| Commonly Prescribed Drugs | p. 379 |
| Attitudes Toward "Pill Popping" | p. 395 |
| Prevention of Drug Accidents | p. 395 |
| Teaching Older Adults | p. 399 |
| Factors Influencing Learning in Older Adults and Useful Approaches for Enhancing Learning | p. 400 |
| Summary of Teaching Approaches | p. 409 |
| Caregiving | p. 413 |
| What Do Caregivers Do? | p. 414 |
| Who Becomes a Caregiver? | p. 414 |
| Caregiving Diversity | p. 415 |
| Influence of Caregiving on Physical, Psychological, Social, and Financial Well-Being | p. 415 |
| Benefits of Caregiving | p. 417 |
| How Health Care Professionals Can Support Caregivers | p. 418 |
| Death and Grief in the Later Years | p. 421 |
| Dying and Death | p. 423 |
| Hospice Care | p. 430 |
| Palliative Care | p. 432 |
| Therapeutic Approaches with Dying Persons and Significant Others | p. 433 |
| Bereavement, Grief, and Mourning | p. 434 |
| Death and Loss in the Later Years | p. 440 |
| Physician-Assisted Suicide | p. 446 |
| Advanced Directives | p. 447 |
| Therapeutic Approaches with the Bereaved | p. 451 |
| Practical Hints for the Safety of Older Adults | p. 457 |
| Resources | p. 461 |
| Glossary | p. 463 |
| Index | p. 473 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |