Preface

Introduction

1. The Study of Ethics

*Aristotle, "Nicomachean Ethics"

Robert Coles, "The Disparity Between Intellect and Character"

Christina Hoff Sommers, "Where Have All the Good Deeds Gone?"

Sheila Mullett, "Shifting Perspective: A New Approach to Ethics"

Chapter Applications

2. Ethical Subjectivism

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, "Emile"

Mary Wollstonecraft, "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman"

Jacob Javits and A.M. Rosenthal, "Study of the Sickness Called Apathy"

Stephen A. Satris, "Student Relativism"

*J.L. Mackie, "The Subjectivity of Values"

Chapter Applications

3. Cultural Relativism

Ruth Benedict, "A Defense of Cultural Relativism"

Marilyn Frye, "Oppression"

Daniel Jonah Goldhagen, "Hitler's Willing Executioners"

*Henry David Thoreau, "Civil Disobedience"

William H. Shaw, "Relativism in Ethics"

Chapter Applications

4. Morality and Religion

Mohandas K. Gandhi, "The Moral Teaching of the Bhagavad Gita"

Excerpts from Genesis, Exodus, and Matthew, Holy Bible

Lippman Bodoff, "God Tests Abraham, Abraham Tests God"

*M. Amir Ali et al, "The Moral System of Islam and Jihad Explained"

Plato, "Euthyphro"

Thomas Aquinas, "The Summa Theologica"

Kai Nielsen, "Religious Ethics Versus Humanistic Ethics"

Chapter Applications

5. Beyond Relativism: Moral Development

Lawrence Kohlberg, "The Philosophy of Moral Development"

Carol Gilligan, "In a Different Voice"

Virginia Held, "The Meshing of Care and Justice"

*Laurence Thomas, "Moral and Psychological Development"

Eagle Man, "We Are All Related"

Chapter Applications

6. Ethical Egoism

Plato, "The Republic"

Edward O. Wilson, "On Human Nature"

Ayn Rand, "The Fountainhead"

Mary Midgley, "Can't We Make Moral Judgments?"

Jean Hampton, "The Wisdom of the Egoist: The Moral and Political Implications of Valuing the Self"

Chapter Applications

7. Utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham, "An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation"

John Stuart Mill, "Utilitarianism, Liberty, and Representative Government"

*Kwame Gyekye, "An Essay on African Philosophical Thought: The Akan Conceptual Scheme"

Peter Singer, "Animal Liberation"

Bernard Williams, "A Critique of Utilitarianism"

Chapter Applications

8. Deontology

Immanuel Kant, "Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Ethics"

"The Analects of Confucius"

Sissela Bok, "Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life"

William David Ross, "The Right and the Good"

John Rawls, "A Theory of Justice"

Chapter Applications

9. Rights Ethics

John Locke, "Two Treatises of Civil Government"

Karl Marx, "The Jewish Question"

Gustavo Gutierrez, "The Power of the Poor in History"

United Nations, "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights"

*Thomas Jefferson, "Letters to Noah Webster on James Madison"

*"U.S. Bill of Rights"

Chapter Applications

10. Virtue Ethics

Aristotle, "Nicomachean Ethics"

P. Don Premasiri, "The Relevance of the Noble Eightfold Path to Contemporary Society"

David Hume, "An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals"

Nel Noddings, "Caring: A Feminine Approach to Ethics and Moral Education"

Alasdair MacIntyre, "After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory"

Chapter Applications

Credits

Glossary

Index