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Personality Psychology
ISBN: 9780071121408 | 0071121404
Format: HardcoverPublisher: McGraw Hill (Tx)
Pub. Date: 9/1/2001
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| Foundations | |
| A Dance to the Music of the Century: Changing Fashions in 20th-Century Psychiatry | |
| discusses the history and theories that have shaped psychological and psychiatric thinking over the last century | |
| He speculates on where we are headed and which theorists will continue to have an impact on our philosophy and psychological treatments | |
| Causes and Correlations, Massimo Pigliucci, Skeptical Inquirer , January/February 2003 | ... MORE|
| This article reminds the reader to think critically about science | |
| Too many phenomena, such as ESP (extra-sensory perception), are explained post hoc | |
| Few lay people understand the difference between correlation and causation | |
| The author reviews these two concepts and also explains control, experimentation, and statistical inference | |
| When Methods Matter: Qualitative Research Issues in Psychology | |
| Educational Review , Spring 2000 Author | |
| contends that qualitative research methods divulge results that are as rich and revealing about humans as are experiments | |
| Rogers cites the work of several prominent psychologists to support her contention | |
| Right Reasoning | |
| and the Scientific Method | |
| ETC: A Review of General Semantics , Summer 2002 | |
| favorably compares the convictions of | |
| Peirce-that scientific investigation is the best method to analyze claims, assertions, ideas, and beliefs | |
| According to Peirce's four methods of 'fixing belief,' people form beliefs using tenacity, authority, a prior knowledge, and scientific investigation | |
| Taylor reviews the limitations of the first three methods and the details of why the scientific method is the right choice | |
| Theories of Personality | |
| The Biological Perspective | |
| Nature vs | |
| Nurture: Two Brothers With Schizophrenia | |
| Perspectives in Psychiatric Care , July/September 2001 | |
| The case of two brothers with schizophrenia is presented | |
| Each brother was affected by various but sometimes different causal factors, leading the authors to discuss various implications for the nature/nurture controversy | |
| The Blank Slate | |
| Discover , October 2002 | |
| A few scientists come down heavily on the genetic explanation for human nature | |
| That is, scientists such as Steven Pinker discredit the notion that parents mold their children | |
| Instead, our inherited background plays a far greater role | |
| Alas Poor Evolutionary Psychology: Unfairly Accused, Unjustly Condemned | |
| Evolutionary psychology is psychology based on Darwinian principles, such as natural selection and survival of the fittest | |
| Kurzban reviews the criticisms of evolutionary psychology as well as attempts to correct misconceptions | |
| The Mutable Brain, Marguerite Holloway, Scientific American , September 2003 Can the brain change after we are born? | |
| Is surgery or injury the only way to modify this vital organ? | |
| The answer appears to be that different experiences can indeed alter the brain, according to this article | |
| A certain behavior, a particular mental exercise, or some event can transform the brain as revealed in imaging studies | |
| Fear and Trembling in the Amygdala, Lura Helmuth, Science , April 25, 2003 | |
| The brain , or at least a small piece of it known as the amygdala , may be prewired to detect threatening stimuli | |
| Research on this issue can help us better understand panic and other intense anxiety-laden responses | |
| What Freud Got Right, Fred Guterl, Newsweek , November 11, 2002 | |
| Modern researchers using brain imaging techniques are finding surprising support for Freudian concepts | |
| Such research is showing that Freud's concept of instincts (e.g., aggression), his notion that humans deceive themselves, and his ideas that dreams are important are finding backing from some of today's scientists | |
| The Trait Perspective | |
| Psychology of Safety: The 'Big Five' and You: How Personality | |
| Traits Can Affect Behavior, Scott Geller, Industrial Safety & Hygiene News , July 2004 | |
| Psychological scientists have identified five personality traits that appear to be universal in humans | |
| Geller explains the five clusters of traits and describes the effect of each on everyday behavior | |
| Exploring the Traits of Happy People | |
| Social Indicators Research , November 2000 Happiness is important to our mental health | |
| What traits characterize happy people? | |
| How do happy people differ from others? | |
| These and other questions are answered in this scientific article | |
| Getting Smart About Emotional Intelligence, Katina Cremona, Keeping Good Companies , September 2004 | |
| Emotional intelligence , a cluster of traits related to 'reading' our own and others' emotions , has become a buzz word | |
| Individuals high in emotional intelligence perform better in school, business, and elsewhere | |
| What emotional intelligence is, how to define and measure it, and why it affects our daily behaviors -serve as the basis for this article | |
| Caring for Your Introvert | |
| The Atlantic Monthly , March 2003 | |
| The term introversion was introduced by Carl Jung | |
| Today, many personality tests measure the strength of this trait and its opposite, extroversion | |
| The author, with tongue firmly planted in cheek, looks at the lives of introverts and extroverts and asks if introverts are discriminated against | |
| The Behavioral and Social Learning Perspectives | |
| Skepticism of Caricatures | |
| Gaynor reviews Skinner's ideas about behavior and finds that Skinner is often misunderstood | |
| For example, other psychologists often accuse Skinner of ignoring the role of the brain in behavior and of calling humans empty organisms | |
| What Happened to Behaviorism?, Roddy Roediger, APS Observer , March 2004 The President of the American Psychological Society asks a cogent question as evidenced by the title of this article | |
| Roediger states that behaviorism made a significant intellectual -if not scientific -contribution to psychology | |
| If we would resurrect behavioral theory , psychology might be all the richer for it | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
