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Paramedic Care: Principles and Practices, Volume 3: Medical Emergencies

ISBN: 9780131178342 | 0131178342
Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2006

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SummaryTable of ContentsAuthor Biography
Written by the best-selling author team of Bryan E. Bledsoe D.O., F.A.C.E.P., EMT-P, Robert S. Porter M.A., NREMT-P, and Richard A. Cherry, M.S., NREMT-P, this student-friendly easy to understand series covers the DOT National Standard Curriculum.The third of 5 titles in the Brady Paramedic Care Principles and Practice series, Volume 3 - Medical Emergencies - covers pulmonology, cardiology, neurology, endocrinology, allergies and anaphylaxis, gastroenterology, urology and nephrology, toxicology and substance abuse, hematology, environmental eme... MORE
Series Prefacexxvii
Prefacexxxi
Acknowledgmentsxxxiii
About the Authorsxxxix
Pulmonology
2... MORE
Introduction
4(1)
Review of Respiratory Anatomy and Physiology
5(13)
Upper Airway Anatomy
6(2)
Lower Airway Anatomy
8(3)
Physiological Processes
11(7)
Pathophysiology
18(3)
Disruption in Ventilation
18(2)
Disruption in Diffusion
20(1)
Disruption in Perfusion
20(1)
Assessment of the Respiratory System
21(14)
Scene Size-up
21(1)
Initial Assessment
21(3)
Focused History and Physical Examination
24(11)
Management of Respiratory Disorders
35(1)
Management Principles
35(1)
Specific Respiratory Diseases
35(29)
Upper Airway Obstruction
35(2)
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema/Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
37(2)
Obstructive Lung Disease
39(1)
Emphysema
40(2)
Chronic Bronchitis
42(1)
Asthma
43(3)
Upper Respiratory Infection
46(4)
Pneumonia
50(1)
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
51(2)
Lung Cancer
53(1)
Toxic Inhalation
54(1)
Carbon Monoxide Inhalation
55(1)
Pulmonary Embolism
56(1)
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
57(1)
Hyperventilation Syndrome
58(1)
Central Nervous System Dysfunction
59(1)
Dysfunction of the Spinal Cord, Nerves, or Respiratory Muscles
60(4)
Cardiology
64(9)
Introduction
71(2)
Part 1: Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology, ECG Monitoring, and Dysrhythmia Analysis
73(69)
Cardiovascular Anatomy
73(6)
Anatomy of the Heart
73(5)
Anatomy of the Peripheral Circulation
78(1)
Cardiac Physiology
79(7)
The Cardiac Cycle
79(1)
Nervous Control of the Heart
80(2)
Electrophysiology
82(4)
Electrocardiographic Monitoring
86(12)
The Electrocardiogram
86(1)
ECG Leads
86(4)
Relationship of the ECG to Electrical Events in the Heart
90(6)
Interpretation of Rhythm Strips
96(2)
Dysrhythmias
98(44)
Mechanism of Impulse Formation
99(1)
Classification of Dysrhythmias
99(1)
Dysrhythmias Originating in the SA Node
100(5)
Dysrhythmias Originating in the Atria
105(10)
Dysrhythmias Originating Within the AV Junction (AV Blocks)
115(6)
Dysrhythmias Sustained or Originating in the AV Junction
121(6)
Dysrhythmias Originating in the Ventricles
127(12)
Pulseless Electrical Activity
139(1)
Dysrhythmias Resulting from Disorders of Conduction
139(3)
ECG Changes due to Electrolyte Abnormalities and Hypothermia
142(1)
Part 2: Assessment and Management of the Cardiovascular Patient
142(61)
Assessment of the Cardiovascular Patient
142(9)
Scene Size-up and Initial Assessment
143(1)
Focused History
144(4)
Physical Examination
148(3)
Management of Cardiovascular Emergencies
151(23)
Basic Life Support
152(1)
Advanced Life Support
152(1)
Monitoring ECG in the Field
152(4)
Vagal Maneuvers
156(1)
Precordial Thump
156(1)
Pharmacological Management
156(6)
Defibrillation
162(2)
Emergency Synchronized Cardioversion
164(3)
Transcutaneous Cardiac Pacing
167(4)
Carotid Sinus Massage
171(1)
Support and Communication
171(3)
Managing Specific Cardiovascular Emergencies
174(29)
Angina Pectoris
174(3)
Myocardial Infarction
177(6)
Heart Failure
183(5)
Cardiac Tamponade
188(2)
Hypertensive Emergencies
190(1)
Cardiogenic Shock
191(3)
Cardiac Arrest
194(4)
Peripheral Vascular and Other Cardiovascular Emergencies
198(5)
Reviewing the Cardiac Conductive System
203(1)
Part 3: 12-Lead ECG Monitoring and Interpretation
203(484)
ECG Recording
204(1)
ECG Leads
204(5)
Bipolar Limb Leads
205(1)
Unipolar or Augmented Limb Leads
206(3)
Precordial Leads
209(1)
Mean QRS Axis Determination
209(1)
Axis Deviation
210(2)
The Normal 12-Lead ECG
212(2)
Disease Findings
214(12)
Evolution of Acute Coronary Syndrome
215(3)
Localization of Acute Myocardial Infarction
218(8)
Conduction Abnormalities
226(6)
AV Blocks
226(1)
Bundle Branch Blocks
227(4)
Chamber Enlargement
231(1)
Prehospital ECG Monitoring
232(14)
Prehospital 12-Lead ECG Monitoring
237(9)
Neurology
246(54)
Introduction
248(1)
Anatomy and Physiology
249(12)
The Central Nervous System
249(10)
The Peripheral Nervous System
259(2)
The Autonomic Nervous System
261(1)
Pathophysiology
261(2)
Alteration in Cognitive Systems
261(1)
Central Nervous System Disorders
261(1)
Cerebral Homeostasis
262(1)
Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
263(1)
General Assessment Findings
263(9)
Scene Size-Up and Initial Assessment
263(2)
Focused History and Physical Exam
265(7)
Ongoing Assessment
272(1)
Management of Specific Nervous System Emergencies
272(28)
Altered Mental Status
273(2)
Stroke and Intracranial Hemorrhage
275(6)
Seizures and Epilepsy
281(4)
Syncope
285(1)
Headache
286(2)
``Weak and Dizzy''
288(1)
Neoplasms
288(2)
Brain Abscess
290(1)
Degenerative Neurological Disorders
290(4)
Back Pain and Nontraumatic Spinal Disorders
294(6)
Endocrinology
300(32)
Introduction
303(1)
Anatomy and Physiology
304(9)
Hypothalamus
304(3)
Pituitary Gland
307(2)
Thyroid Gland
309(1)
Parathyroid Glands
309(1)
Thymus Gland
310(1)
Pancreas
310(2)
Adrenal Glands
312(1)
Gonads
312(1)
Pineal Gland
313(1)
Other Organs with Endocrine Activity
313(1)
Endocrine Disorders and Emergencies
313(19)
Disorders of the Pancreas
314(10)
Disorders of the Thyroid Gland
324(3)
Disorders of the Adrenal Glands
327(5)
Allergies and Anaphylaxis
332(16)
Introduction
334(1)
Pathophysiology
334(5)
The Immune System
335(1)
Allergies
336(2)
Anaphylaxis
338(1)
Assessment Findings in Anaphylaxis
339(2)
Management of Anaphylaxis
341(2)
Protect the Airway
341(1)
Administer Medications
342(1)
Offer Psychological Support
343(1)
Assessment Findings in Allergic Reaction
343(1)
Management of Allergic Reactions
343(2)
Patient Education
345(3)
Gastroenterology
348(32)
Introduction
351(1)
General Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Treatment
351(5)
General Pathophysiology
351(2)
General Assessment
353(2)
General Treatment
355(1)
Specific Illnesses
356(24)
Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases
356(8)
Lower Gastrointestinal Diseases
364(7)
Accessory Organ Diseases
371(9)
Urology and Nephrology
380(34)
Introduction
383(1)
Anatomy and Physiology
384(7)
Kidneys
384(5)
Ureters
389(1)
Urinary Bladder
389(1)
Urethra
389(1)
Testes
389(1)
Epididymis and Vas Deferens
390(1)
Prostate Gland
390(1)
Penis
390(1)
General Mechanisms of Nontraumatic Tissue Problems
391(1)
General Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Management
391(5)
Pathophysiologic Basis of Pain
391(1)
Assessment and Management
392(4)
Renal and Urologic Emergencies
396(18)
Acute Renal Failure
396(4)
Chronic Renal Failure
400(5)
Renal Calculi
405(3)
Priapism
408(1)
Urinary Tract Infection
408(6)
Toxicology and Substance Abuse
414(44)
Introduction
416(1)
Epidemiology
417(1)
Poison Control Centers
417(1)
Routes of Toxic Exposure
418(1)
Ingestion
418(1)
Inhalation
418(1)
Surface Absorption
419(1)
Injection
419(1)
General Principles of Toxicologic Assessment and Management
419(3)
Scene Size-up
419(1)
Initial Assessment
420(1)
History, Physical Exam, and Ongoing Assessment
420(1)
Treatment
420(1)
Suicidal Patients and Protective Custody
421(1)
Ingested Toxins
422(2)
Inhaled Toxins
424(1)
Surface-Absorbed Toxins
425(1)
Specific Toxins
425(15)
Cyanide
428(1)
Carbon Monoxide
428(1)
Cardiac Medications
429(1)
Caustic Substances
430(1)
Hydrofluoric Acid
431(1)
Alcohol
432(1)
Hydrocarbons
432(1)
Tricyclic Antidepressants
432(1)
MAO Inhibitors
433(1)
Newer Antidepressants
434(1)
Lithium
435(1)
Salicylates
435(1)
Acetaminophen
436(1)
Other Nonprescription Pain Medications
436(1)
Theophylline
437(1)
Metals
437(1)
Contaminated Food
438(1)
Poisonous Plants and Mushrooms
439(1)
Injected Toxins
440(8)
General Principles of Management
440(1)
Insect Bites and Stings
441(3)
Snakebites
444(3)
Marine Animal Injection
447(1)
Substance Abuse and Overdose
448(4)
Drugs of Abuse
449(3)
Alcohol Abuse
452(6)
Physiological Effects
452(1)
General Alcoholic Profile
453(1)
Consequences of Chronic Alcohol Ingestion
453(5)
Hematology
458(32)
Introduction
460(1)
Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathophysiology
461(12)
Components of Blood
461(8)
Hemostasis
469(2)
Blood Products and Blood Typing
471(1)
Transfusion Reactions
472(1)
General Assessment and Management
473(5)
Scene Size-Up
474(1)
Initial Assessment
474(1)
Focused History and Physical Exam
474(4)
General Management of Hematopoietic Emergencies
478(1)
Managing Specific Patient Problems
478(12)
Diseases of the Red Blood Cells
479(3)
Diseases of the White Blood Cells
482(2)
Diseases of the Platelets/Blood Clotting Abnormalities
484(1)
Other Hematopoietic Disorders
485(5)
Environmental Emergencies
490(44)
Introduction
493(1)
Homeostasis
494(1)
Pathophysiology of Heat and Cold Disorders
494(3)
Mechanisms of Heat Gain and Loss
494(1)
Thermogenesis (Heat Generation)
494(1)
Thermolysis (Heat Loss)
494(1)
Thermoregulation
495(2)
Heat Disorders
497(7)
Hyperthermia
497(1)
Predisposing Factors
498(1)
Preventive Measures
498(1)
Specific Heat Disorders
499(4)
Role of Dehydration in Heat Disorders
503(1)
Fever (Pyrexia)
503(1)
Cold Disorders
504(8)
Hypothermia
504(1)
Mechanisms of Heat Conservation and Loss
504(1)
Predisposing Factors
504(1)
Preventive Measures
505(1)
Degrees of Hypothermia
505(2)
Assessment and Management of Hypothermia
507(4)
Frostbite
511(1)
Trench Foot
512(1)
Near-Drowning and Drowning
512(4)
Pathophysiology of Drowning and Near-Drowning
513(2)
Treatment for Near-Drowning
515(1)
Diving Emergencies
516(7)
The Effects of Air Pressure on Gases
516(1)
Pathophysiology of Diving Emergencies
517(1)
Classification of Diving Injuries
517(1)
General Assessment of Diving Emergencies
518(1)
Pressure Disorders
519(3)
Other Diving-Related Illnesses
522(1)
Divers Alert Network
523(1)
High Altitude Illness
523(3)
Prevention
523(2)
Types of High Altitude Illness
525(1)
Nuclear Radiation
526(8)
Basic Nuclear Physics
526(1)
Effects of Radiation on the Body
527(1)
Principles of Safety
528(2)
Management
530(4)
Infectious Disease
534(62)
Introduction
537(1)
Public Health Principles
538(1)
Public Health Agencies
539(1)
Microorganisms
539(5)
Bacteria
540(1)
Viruses
541(1)
Other Microorganisms
542(2)
Contraction, Transmission, and Stages of Disease
544(2)
Phases of the Infectious Process
546(1)
The Body's Defenses Against Disease
546(3)
The Immune System
546(2)
The Complement System
548(1)
The Lymphatic System
548(1)
Individual Host Immunity
548(1)
Infection Control in Prehospital Care
549(7)
Preparation for Response
549(2)
Response
551(1)
Patient Contact
551(1)
Recovery
552(3)
Infectious Disease Exposures
555(1)
Assessment of the Patient with Infectious Disease
556(2)
Past Medical History
556(1)
The Physical Examination
557(1)
Selected Infectious Diseases
558(32)
Diseases of Immediate Concern to EMS Providers
558(19)
Other Infectious Conditions of the Respiratory System
577(2)
GI System Infections
579(2)
Nervous System Infections
581(3)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
584(4)
Diseases of the Skin
588(2)
Nosocomial Infections
590(1)
Patient Education
590(1)
Preventing Disease Transmission
591(5)
Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders
596(28)
Introduction
598(1)
Behavioral Emergencies
598(1)
Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Disorders
599(2)
Biological
599(1)
Psychosocial
600(1)
Sociocultural
600(1)
Assessment of Behavioral Emergency Patients
601(3)
Scene Size-Up
601(1)
Initial Assessment
601(1)
Focused History and Physical Examination
602(1)
Mental Status Examination
603(1)
Psychiatric Medications
604(1)
Specific Psychiatric Disorders
604(11)
Cognitive Disorders
605(1)
Schizophrenia
605(1)
Anxiety and Related Disorders
606(2)
Mood Disorders
608(2)
Substance-Related Disorders
610(1)
Somatoform Disorders
610(1)
Factitious Disorders
610(1)
Dissociative Disorders
611(1)
Eating Disorders
611(1)
Personality Disorders
612(1)
Impulse Control Disorders
613(1)
Suicide
613(1)
Age-Related Conditions
614(1)
Management of Behavioral Emergencies
615(2)
Medical
615(1)
Psychological
616(1)
Violent Patients and Restraint
617(7)
Methods of Restraint
618(6)
Gynecology
624(20)
Introduction
626(1)
Anatomy and Physiology
626(5)
Female Reproductive Organs
627(4)
The Menstrual Cycle
631(1)
The Proliferative Phase
631(1)
The Secretory Phase
631(1)
The Ischemic Phase
632(1)
The Menstrual Phase
632(1)
Assessment of the Gynecological Patient
632(3)
History
633(1)
Physical Exam
634(1)
Management of Gynecological Emergencies
635(1)
Specific Gynecological Emergencies
636(8)
Medical Gynecological Emergencies
636(3)
Traumatic Gynecological Emergencies
639(5)
Obstetrics
644(43)
Introduction
646(1)
The Prenatal Period
646(7)
Anatomy and Physiology of the Obstetric Patient
646(4)
Fetal Development
650(2)
Fetal Circulation
652(1)
General Assessment of the Obstetric Patient
653(3)
Initial Assessment
653(1)
History
653(2)
Physical Examination
655(1)
General Management of the Obstetric Patient
656(1)
Complications of Pregnancy
656(12)
Trauma
657(1)
Medical Conditions
657(1)
Bleeding in Pregnancy
658(4)
Medical Complications of Pregnancy
662(4)
Braxton-Hicks Contractions
666(1)
Pretern Labor
666(2)
The Puerperium
668(9)
Labor
668(2)
Management of a Patient in Labor
670(1)
Field Delivery
671(3)
Neonatal Care
674(3)
Abnormal Delivery Situations
677(3)
Other Delivery Complications
680(1)
Maternal Complications of Labor and Delivery
681(6)
Precautions on Bloodborne Pathogens and Infectious Disease687(2)
Suggested Responses to ``You Make the Call''689(8)
Answers to ``Review Questions''697(2)
Glossary699(16)
Index715
Richard Cherry is Clinical Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine and Assistant Residency Director at Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York. Robert Porter serves as the Senior Advanced Life Support Educator for Madison County, New York, and as a Flight Paramedic with the Onondaga, New York, County Sheriff's Department helicopter service, AirOne. Bryan Bledsoe is an Adjunct Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine at The George Washington University Medical Center in Washington, DC.

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