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Paramedic Care: Principles and Practice, Volume 1: Introduction to Advanced Prehospital Care

ISBN: 9780131178199 | 0131178199
Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2006

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SummaryTable of Contents
Written by the best-selling author team of Bryan E. Bledsoe D.O., F.A.C.E.P., EMT-P, Robert S. Porter M.A., NREMT-P, and Richard A. Cherry , M.S., NREMT-P , this student-friendly easy to understand series covers the DOT National Standard Curriculum .The first of 5 titles in the Brady Paramedic Care Principles and Practice series, this book provides an overview of a Paramedic's role and Paramedic systems. Also covered are illness and injury prevention, medical/legal aspects, ethics, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medication administration, thera... MORE
Series Prefacexxvii
Acknowledgmentsxxxiii
Prefacexxxi
About the Authorsxxxix
Introduction to Advanced Prehospital Care
... MORE(12)
Introduction
5(3)
Description of the Profession
5(1)
Paramedic Characteristics
6(1)
The Paramedic: A True Health Professional
7(1)
Expanded Scope of Practice
8(6)
Critical Care Transport
10(1)
Primary Care
10(1)
Industrial Medicine
10(1)
Sports Medicine
11(3)
The Well-Being of the Paramedic
14(30)
Introduction
16(1)
Basic Physical Fitness
17(6)
Core Elements
17(1)
Nutrition
18(3)
Habits and Addictions
21(1)
Back Safety
21(2)
Personal Protection from Disease
23(6)
Infectious Diseases
23(1)
Infection Control Practices
24(5)
Death and Dying
29(4)
Loss, Grief, and Mourning
30(1)
What to Say
31(1)
When It Is Someone You Know
32(1)
Stress and Stress Management
33(5)
Shift Work
35(1)
Signs of Stress
35(1)
Common Techniques for Managing Stress
35(2)
Specific EMS Stresses
37(1)
Mental Health Services
38(1)
Disaster Mental Health Services
38(1)
General Safety Considerations
38(6)
Interpersonal Relations
39(1)
Roadway Safety
39(5)
EMS Systems
44(32)
Introduction
46(1)
History of EMS
47(5)
Ancient Times
47(2)
Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
49(1)
Twentieth Century
49(3)
The EMS Agenda for the Future
52(1)
Today's EMS Systems
53(23)
Local and State-Level Agencies
53(1)
Medical Direction
54(2)
Public Information and Education
56(1)
Communications
56(2)
Education and Certification
58(5)
Patient Transportation
63(3)
Receiving Facilities
66(1)
Mutual Aid and Mass-Casualty Preparation
66(1)
Quality Assurance and Improvement
67(3)
Research
70(1)
System Financing
71(5)
Roles and Responsibilities of the Paramedic
76(20)
Introduction
78(1)
Primary Responsibilities
78(6)
Preparation
79(1)
Response
79(1)
Scene Size-up
79(1)
Patient Assessment
80(1)
Recognition of Illness or Injury
81(1)
Patient Management
81(1)
Appropriate Disposition
81(2)
Patient Transfer
83(1)
Documentation
84(1)
Returning to Service
84(1)
Additional Responsibilities
84(2)
Community Involvement
85(1)
Support for Primary Care
85(1)
Citizen Involvement in EMS
85(1)
Personal and Professional Development
86(1)
Professionalism
86(10)
Professional Ethics
86(1)
Professional Attitudes
87(1)
Professional Attributes
87(5)
Continuing Education
92(4)
Illness and Injury Prevention
96(14)
Introduction
97(1)
Epidemiology
98(1)
Prevention within EMS
99(4)
Organizational Commitment
99(2)
EMS Provider Commitment
101(2)
Prevention in the Community
103(7)
Areas of Need
103(2)
Implementation of Prevention Strategies
105(5)
Medical/Legal Aspects of Advanced Prehospital Care
110(32)
Introduction
113(1)
Legal Duties and Ethical Responsibilities
113(5)
The Legal System
114(1)
Anatomy of a Civil Lawsuit
115(1)
Laws Affecting EMS and the Paramedic
116(2)
Legal Accountability of the Paramedic
118(4)
Negligence and Medical Liability
118(4)
Special Liability Concerns
122(1)
Paramedic-Patient Relationships
122(9)
Confidentiality
123(2)
Consent
125(3)
Legal Complications Related to Consent
128(2)
Reasonable Force
130(1)
Patient Transportation
131(1)
Resuscitation Issues
131(4)
Advance Directives
132(3)
Death in the Field
135(1)
Crime and Accident Scenes
135(1)
Documentation
136(6)
Ethics in Advanced Prehospital Care
142(20)
Introduction
144(1)
Overview of Ethics
144(7)
Relationship of Ethics to Law and Religion
144(1)
Making Ethical Decisions
145(1)
Codes of Ethics
146(1)
Impact of Ethics on Individual Practice
146(1)
The Fundamental Questions
146(1)
Fundamental Principles
147(1)
Resolving Ethical Conflicts
148(3)
Ethical Issues in Contemporary Paramedic Practice
151(11)
Resuscitation Attempts
151(2)
Confidentiality
153(2)
Consent
155(1)
Allocation of Resources
155(1)
Obligation to Provide Care
156(1)
Teaching
157(1)
Professional Relations
157(2)
Research
159(3)
General Principles of Pathophysiology
162(112)
Introduction
166(1)
Part 1: The Cell and the Cellular Environment
166(1)
The Normal Cell
166(8)
Cell Structure
167(1)
Cell Function
168(1)
Tissues
169(1)
Organs, Organ Systems, and the Organism
170(1)
System Integration
171(3)
How Cells Respond to Change and Injury
174(6)
Cellular Adaptation
175(1)
Cellular Injury
176(4)
Cellular Death: Apoptosis and Necrosis
180(1)
The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes
180(15)
Water
180(4)
Electrolytes
184(2)
Osmosis and Diffusion
186(4)
Intravenous Therapy
190(5)
Acid-Base Balance
195(5)
The pH Scale
195(1)
Bodily Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
196(2)
Acid-Base Derangements
198(2)
Part 2: Disease---Causes and Pathophysiology
200(1)
Genetic and Other Causes of Disease
200(5)
Genetics, Environment, Life Style, Age, and Gender
200(1)
Family History and Associated Risk Factors
201(4)
Hypoperfusion
205(16)
The Physiology of Perfusion
206(4)
The Pathophysiology of Hypoperfusion
210(4)
Types of Shock
214(5)
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
219(2)
Part 3: The Body's Defenses Against Disease and Injury
221(1)
Self-Defense Mechanisms
221(4)
Infectious Agents
221(2)
Three Lines of Defense
223(2)
The Immune Response
225(15)
How the Immune Response Works: An Overview
225(1)
Characteristics of the Immune Response and Immunity
225(1)
Induction of the Immune Response
226(4)
Humoral Immune Response
230(5)
Cell-Mediated Immune Response
235(2)
Cellular Interactions in Immune Response
237(1)
Fetal and Neonatal Immune Function
238(1)
Aging and the Immune Response
239(1)
Inflammation
240(13)
Inflammation Contrasted to the Immune Response
240(1)
How Inflammation Works: An Overview
240(1)
Acute Inflammatory Response
241(1)
Mast Cells
242(2)
Plasma Protein Systems
244(3)
Cellular Components of Inflammation
247(2)
Cellular Products
249(1)
Systemic Responses of Acute Inflammation
249(1)
Chronic Inflammatory Responses
249(1)
Local Inflammatory Responses
250(1)
Resolution and Repair
251(1)
Age and the Mechanisms of Self-Defense
252(1)
Variances in Immunity and Inflammation
253(8)
Hypersensitivity: Allergy, Autoimmunity, and Isoimmunity
253(5)
Deficiencies in Immunity and Inflammation
258(3)
Stress and Disease
261(13)
Concepts of Stress
261(1)
Stress Responses
262(4)
Stress, Coping, and Illness Interrelationships
266(8)
General Principles of Pharmacology
274(94)
Introduction
278(1)
Part 1: Basic Pharmacology
278(1)
General Aspects
278(2)
Names
278(1)
Sources
279(1)
Reference Materials
279(1)
Components of a Drug Profile
280(1)
Legal Aspects
280(2)
Federal
280(2)
State
282(1)
Local
282(1)
Standards
282(1)
Drug Research and Bringing a Drug to Market
282(3)
Phases of Human Studies
283(1)
FDA Classification of Newly Approved Drugs
284(1)
Patient Care Using Medications
285(4)
Six Rights of Medication Administration
285(1)
Special Considerations
286(3)
Pharmacology
289(11)
Pharmacokinetics
289(6)
Pharmacodynamics
295(5)
Part 2: Drug Classifications
300(1)
Classifying Drugs
300(1)
Drugs Used to Affect the Nervous System
301(24)
Central Nervous System Medications
302(8)
Autonomic Nervous System Medications
310(15)
Drugs Used to Affect the Cardiovascular System
325(16)
Cardiovascular Physiology Review
325(4)
Classes of Cardiovascular Drugs
329(12)
Drugs Used to Affect the Respiratory System
341(5)
Antiasthmatic Medications
341(3)
Drugs Used for Rhinitis and Cough
344(2)
Drugs Used to Affect the Gastrointestinal System
346(3)
Drugs Used to Treat Peptic Ulcer Disease
346(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Constipation
347(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Diarrhea
348(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Emesis
348(1)
Drugs Used to Aid Digestion
349(1)
Drugs Used to Affect the Eyes
349(1)
Drugs Used to Affect the Ears
349(1)
Drugs Used to Affect the Endocrine System
350(8)
Drugs Affecting the Pituitary Gland
350(1)
Drugs Affecting the Parathyroid and Thyroid Glands
351(1)
Drugs Affecting the Adrenal Cortex
352(1)
Drugs Affecting the Pancreas
352(3)
Drugs Affecting the Female Reproductive System
355(2)
Drugs Affecting the Male Reproductive System
357(1)
Drugs Affecting Sexual Behavior
357(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Cancer
358(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Infectious Diseases and Inflammation
358(4)
Drugs Used to Affect the Skin
362(1)
Drugs Used to Supplement the Diet
362(1)
Vitamins and Minerals
362(1)
Fluids and Electrolytes
363(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Poisoning and Overdoses
363(5)
Intravenous Access and Medication Administration
368(96)
Introduction
372(1)
Part 1: Principles and Routes Of Medication Administration
372(1)
General Principles
372(4)
Medical Direction
373(1)
Body Substance Isolation
373(1)
Medical Asepsis
374(1)
Disposal of Contaminated Equipment and Sharps
375(1)
Medication Administration and Documentation
375(1)
Percutaneous Drug Administration
376(4)
Transdermal Administration
376(1)
Mucous Membranes
376(4)
Pulmonary Drug Administration
380(4)
Nebulizer
380(1)
Metered Dose Inhaler
381(3)
Endotracheal Tube
384(1)
Enteral Drug Administration
384(6)
Oral Administration
384(2)
Gastric Tube Administration
386(1)
Rectal Administration
387(3)
Parenteral Drug Administration
390(17)
Syringes and Needles
390(2)
Medication Packaging
392(6)
Parenteral Routes
398(9)
Part 2: Intravenous Access, Blood Sampling, and Intraosseous Infusion
407(1)
Intravenous Access
407(34)
Types of Intravenous Access
407(1)
Equipment and Supplies for Venous Access
408(9)
Intravenous Access in the Hand, Arm, and Leg
417(3)
Intravenous Access in the External Jugular Vein
420(2)
Intravenous Access with a Measured Volume Administration Set
422(1)
Intravenous Access with Blood Tubing
422(3)
Factors Affecting Intravenous Flow Rates
425(1)
Complications of Peripheral Intravenous Access
426(1)
Changing an IV Bag or Bottle
427(1)
Intravenous Drug Administration
428(9)
Venous Blood Sampling
437(4)
Removing a Peripheral IV
441(1)
Intraosseous Infusion
441(8)
Access Site
441(2)
Equipment for Intraosseous Access
443(1)
Placing an Intraosseous Infusion
444(4)
Intraosseous Access Complications and Precautions
448(1)
Contraindications to Intraosseous Placement
449(1)
Part 3: Medical Mathematics
449(1)
Metric System
449(3)
Conversion between Prefixes
450(1)
Household and Apothecary Systems of Measure
451(1)
Weight Conversion
451(1)
Temperature
451(1)
Units
452(1)
Medical Calculations
452(12)
Calculating Dosages for Oral Medications
453(1)
Converting Prefixes
454(1)
Calculating Dosages for Parenteral Medications
455(1)
Calculating Weight-Dependent Dosages
455(1)
Calculating Infusion Rates
456(8)
Therapeutic Communications
464(18)
Introduction
466(1)
Basic Elements of Communication
466(3)
Trust and Rapport
467(1)
Professional Behaviors
467(2)
Communication Techniques
469(13)
General Guidelines
469(2)
Interview Techniques
471(3)
Patients with Special Needs
474(5)
Transferring Patient Care
479(3)
Life-Span Development
482(22)
Introduction
484(1)
Infancy
484(5)
Physiological Development
484(4)
Psychosocial Development
488(1)
Toddler and Preschool Age
489(4)
Physiological Development
489(2)
Psychosocial Development
491(2)
School Age
493(1)
Physiological Development
493(1)
Psychosocial Development
493(1)
Adolescence
494(1)
Physiological Development
494(1)
Psychosocial Development
494(1)
Early Adulthood
495(1)
Middle Adulthood
495(1)
Late Adulthood
496(8)
Physiological Development
496(3)
Psychosocial Development
499(5)
Airway Management and Ventilation
504(108)
Introduction
508(1)
Anatomy of the Respiratory System
509(6)
Upper Airway Anatomy
509(3)
Lower Airway Anatomy
512(2)
The Pediatric Airway
514(1)
Physiology of the Respiratory System
515(8)
Respiration and Ventilation
516(1)
Measuring Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels
517(4)
Regulation of Respiration
521(2)
Respiratory Problems
523(2)
Airway Obstruction
523(2)
Inadequate Ventilation
525(1)
Respiratory System Assessment
525(13)
Initial Assessment
525(2)
Focused History and Physical Examination
527(4)
Noninvasive Respiratory Monitoring
531(7)
Basic Airway Management
538(8)
Manual Airway Maneuvers
538(4)
Basic Mechanical Airways
542(4)
Advanced Airway Management
546(50)
Endotracheal Intubation
546(30)
Nasotracheal Intubation
576(3)
Field Extubation
579(1)
Esophageal Tracheal Combitube
580(2)
Pharyngo-Trachcal Lumen Airway
582(2)
Laryngeal Mask Airway
584(3)
Esophageal Gastric Tube Airway and Esophageal Obturator Airway
587(1)
Foreign Body Removal under Direct Laryngoscopy
587(1)
Surgical Airways
587(9)
Managing Patients with Stoma Sites
596(1)
Suctioning
597(3)
Suctioning Equipment
597(2)
Suctioning Techniques
599(1)
Gastric Distention and Decompression
600(1)
Oxygenation
601(1)
Oxygen Supply and Regulations
601(1)
Oxygen Delivery Devices
601(1)
Ventilation
602(10)
Mouth-to-Mouth/Mouth-to-Nose Ventilation
603(1)
Mouth-to-Mask Ventilation
603(1)
Bag-Valve Devices
603(2)
Demand Valve Device
605(1)
Automatic Transport Ventilator
606(6)
Appendix: Research in EMS612(19)
Precautions on Bloodborne Pathogens and Infectious Disease631(2)
Suggested Responses to ``You Make the Call''633(8)
Answers to ``Review Questions''641(2)
Glossary643(16)
Index659

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