Jeanne Boyarsky, OCA/OCP 8, has worked as a Java developer for a bank in NYC for 13 years where she develops, mentors and conducts training. In her free time, she is a senior moderator at CodeRanch and works on the forum code base. Scott Selikoff, OCA/OCP 8, has been a professional Java Enterprise developer for over 15 years. He currently operates Selikoff Solutions, LLC, which provides software consulting services to businesses in the tri-state New York City area.

Introduction xix

Assessment Test xxxviii

Chapter 1 Advanced Class Design 1

Reviewing OCA Concepts 2

Using instanceof 7

Understanding Virtual Method Invocation 9

Annotating Overridden Methods 11

Coding equals, hashCode, and toString 13

Working with Enums 20

Creating Nested Classes 24

Summary 33

Exam Essentials 34

Review Questions 36

Chapter 2 Design Patterns and Principles 47

Designing an Interface 48

Introducing Functional Programming 52

Implementing Polymorphism 61

Understanding Design Principles 66

Working with Design Patterns 75

Summary 93

Exam Essentials 93

Review Questions 95

Chapter 3 Generics and Collections 103

Reviewing OCA Collections 104

Working with Generics 108

Using Lists, Sets, Maps, and Queues 124

Comparator vs. Comparable 143

Searching and Sorting 150

Additions in Java 8 152

Summary 159

Exam Essentials 161

Review Questions 162

Chapter 4 Functional Programming 171

Using Variables in Lambdas 172

Working with Built-In Functional Interfaces 173

Returning an Optional 182

Using Streams 185

Working with Primitives 205

Working with Advanced Stream Pipeline Concepts 213

Summary 223

Exam Essentials 224

Review Questions 226

Chapter 5 Dates, Strings, and Localization 233

Working with Dates and Times 234

Reviewing the String class 253

Adding Internationalization and Localization 255

Summary 273

Exam Essentials 274

Review Questions 276

Chapter 6 Exceptions and Assertions 283

Reviewing Exceptions 284

Creating Custom Exceptions 289

Using Multi-catch 291

Using Try-With-Resources 296

Rethrowing Exceptions 305

Working with Assertions 308

Summary 314

Exam Essentials 315

Review Questions 316

Chapter 7 Concurrency 325

Introducing Threads 327

Creating Threads with the ExecutorService 335

Synchronizing Data Access 350

Using Concurrent Collections 358

Working with Parallel Streams 366

Managing Concurrent Processes 377

Identifying Threading Problems 387

Summary 392

Exam Essentials 393

Review Questions 394

Chapter 8 IO 405

Understanding Files and Directories 406

Introducing Streams 411

Working with Streams 420

Interacting with Users 437

Summary 442

Exam Essentials 443

Review Questions 445

Chapter 9 NIO.2 453

Introducing NIO.2 454

Interacting with Paths and Files 460

Understanding File Attributes 478

Presenting the New Stream Methods 487

Comparing Legacy File and NIO.2 Methods 494

Summary 495

Exam Essentials 495

Review Questions 497

Chapter 10 JDBC 505

Introducing Relational Databases and SQL 507

Introducing the Interfaces of JDBC 511

Connecting to a Database 513

Obtaining a Statement 518

Executing a Statement 520

Getting Data from a ResultSet 524

Closing Database Resources 533

Dealing with Exceptions 535

Summary 536

Exam Essentials 537

Review Questions 539

Appendix A Answers to Review Questions 547

Chapter 1: Advanced Class Design 548

Chapter 2: Design Patterns and Principles 550

Chapter 3: Generics and Collections 553

Chapter 4: Functional Programming 556

Chapter 5: Dates, Strings, and Localization 558

Chapter 6: Exceptions and Assertions 560

Chapter 7: Concurrency 561

Chapter 8: IO 565

Chapter 9: NIO.2 568

Chapter 10: JDBC 571

Appendix B Study Tips 575

Studying for the Test 576

Taking the Test 582

Appendix C Upgrading from Java 6 or Earlier 595

Enhancing the Java Language 596

Formatting and Parsing 603

Applying Locks 607

Understanding the Lock Framework 607

Using a ReentrantLock 610

Understanding Read/Write Locks 614

Using a ReentrantReadWriteLock 615

Working with Directories 617

Summary 633

Exam Essentials 633

Review Questions 635

Answers to Practice Test 645

Index 649

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