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The Nursing Assistant: Acute, Subacute, and Long-Term Care

ISBN: 9780835951418 | 0835951413
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 6/1/1998

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SummaryTable of Contents
This full-color text is popular with both students and teachers alike because it's concise, and practical. The second edition reflects the most recent practice requirements including the latest Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines, OSHA mandates regarding infection control, as well as OBRA training requirements and updates. It also includes a detailed, quick reference guide to using age-specific care considerations in patient care, an enhanced patient restraints section that outlines the correct application of the most commonly used restraints, as well as a chapter on subacute care. New critical thinking exercises help students apply what they've learned.
Prefacexi(2)
To the Student: An Important Note about Patient Care Proceduresxiii(1)
Photo Creditsxiv
PART ONE THE ROLE OF THE NURSING ASSISTANT1(35)
... MOREChapter 1 Introduction to Health Care
1(7)
Health Care in the United States
1(1)
Types of Health Care Organizations
2(2)
How Health Care Facilities Are Structured
4(1)
The Nursing Team
5(2)
The Role of the Nursing Assistant
7(1)
Chapter 2 The Nursing Assistant
8(9)
The Job of the Nursing Assistant
8(2)
Ethical and Legal Issues
10(3)
Personal Qualities of the Nursing Assistant
13(2)
Planning Work Assignments
15(1)
Self-Care of the Nursing Assistant
15(2)
Chapter 3 Communication and Interpersonal Skills
17(9)
Communication Skills
17(2)
Communicating on the Job
19(2)
Observations, Reporting, and Recording
21(3)
Common Terminology in the Workplace
24(2)
Chapter 4 Relating to Your Patients
26(10)
Basic Human Needs
27(4)
The Stress of Illness
31(3)
Relating to the Patient's Family
34(1)
Cultural Diversity, Illness, and Communication
34(1)
Communicating with Special Populations
35(1)
PART TWO SAFETY FOR THE PATIENT AND THE NURSING ASSISTANT36(40)
Chapter 5 Infection Control
36(19)
The Chain of Infection
36(6)
Medical Asepsis
42(2)
Handwashing
44(2)
Procedure 5-1: Handwashing
45(1)
Gloving, Masking, and Gowning
46(1)
Procedure 5-2: Removing Gloves
46(1)
Procedure 5-3: Wearing a Face Mask
47(1)
Cleaning Equipment and the Patient Unit
47(4)
Procedure 5-4: Applying a Gown
48(1)
Procedure 5-5: Removing a Gown
49(1)
Procedure 5-6: Terminal Cleaning of the Patient Unit
50(1)
Standard Precautions and New Isolation Procedures
51(3)
Handling Infectious Waste
54(1)
Chapter 6 Environmental Safety, Accident Prevention, and Disaster Plans
55(12)
General Safety Rules
55(1)
Preventing Common Accidents
56(2)
Introduction to Body Mechanics
58(1)
Restraints
59(3)
Procedure 6-1: Applying a Jacket Restraint
61(1)
Procedure 6-2: Applying a Vest Restraint
62(1)
Fire Safety and Prevention
62(3)
Procedure 6-3: Applying a Waist Restraint
63(2)
Disaster Plans
65(2)
Chapter 7 Emergency Situations
67(9)
The Nursing Assistant's Role in an Emergency
67(1)
Recognizing Life-Threatening Situations
68(1)
Assessing ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
69(3)
Choking
72(1)
Seizures
72(2)
Procedure 7-1: The Heimlich Maneuver and Finger Sweep
73(1)
Falls
74(2)
PART THREE BASIC NURSING SKILLS76(68)
Chapter 8 Body Systems and Common Diseases
76(29)
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
77(2)
Growth and Development
79(1)
Common Diseases, Signs, and Symptoms
79(1)
AIDS
79(2)
Cancer
81(1)
The Respiratory System
82(1)
The Patient with Breathing Problems
83(1)
The Circulatory System
84(2)
The Heart Patient
86(1)
The Gastrointestinal System
86(1)
The Patient with an Ostomy
87(1)
The Urinary System
88(1)
The Endocrine System
89(1)
The Diabetic Patient
90(1)
The Reproductive System
91(1)
The Integumentary System
92(1)
The Musculoskeletal System
93(1)
The Orthopedic Patient
94(3)
The Nervous System
97(1)
The Stroke Patient
98(2)
Patients with Disabilities
100(2)
Mental Health and Psychological Disorders
102(3)
Chapter 9 Vital Signs
105(15)
Taking a Patient's Vital Signs
105(1)
Measuring Body Temperature
106(5)
Procedure 9-1: Measuring Oral Temperature
109(1)
Procedure 9-2: Measuring Rectal Temperature
109(2)
Procedure 9-3: Measuring Axillary or Groin Temperature
111(1)
Measuring Pulse and Respiration
111(5)
Procedure 9-4: Measuring Temperature with an Electronic Thermometer
112(2)
Procedure 9-5: Measuring the Radial Pulse Rate
114(1)
Procedure 9-6: Measuring the Apical Pulse Rate
115(1)
Procedure 9-7: Measuring the Respiratory Rate
116(1)
Measuring Blood Pressure
116(2)
Procedure 9-8: Measuring Blood Pressure
117(1)
Measuring Weight and Height
118(2)
Procedure 9-9: Measuring Weight and Height
119(1)
Chapter 10 Positioning, Moving, and Ambulation
120(18)
General Guidelines
120(1)
Positioning a Patient in Bed
121(5)
Procedure 10-1: Moving a Patient up in Bed
122(1)
Procedure 10-2: Moving a Helpless Patient up in Bed (Using a Turning Sheet)
123(1)
Procedure 10-3: Turning a Patient toward You
124(1)
Procedure 10-4: Turning a Patient away from You
125(1)
Procedure 10-5: Logrolling a Patient
125(1)
Positioning a Patient in a Chair
126(3)
Moving a Patient
129(4)
Procedure 10-6: Assisting a Patient to the Edge of the Bed (Dangling)
129(1)
Procedure 10-7: Transferring a Patient from a Bed to a Chair
130(2)
Procedure 10-8: Using a Mechanical Lift
132(1)
Transporting a Patient
133(1)
Assisting with Ambulation
134(4)
Procedure 10-9: Assisting to Ambulate Using a Cane or Walker
134(1)
Procedure 10-10: Assisting to Ambulate with a Gait Belt
135(1)
Procedure 10-11: Care of a Falling Patient
136(2)
Chapter 11 Admission, Transfer, and Discharge
138(6)
Admission, Transfer, and Discharge Procedures
138(1)
Admission
139(2)
Transfer
141(1)
Discharge
142(2)
PART FOUR PROVIDING PERSONAL CARE AND COMFORT TO THE PATIENT144(75)
Chapter 12 The Patient's Environment
144(8)
The Patient Unit
144(2)
Bedmaking
146(6)
Procedure 12-1: Making a Closed Bed
147(2)
Procedure 12-2: Opening a Closed Bed
149(1)
Procedure 12-3: Making an Occupied Bed
149(2)
Procedure 12-4: Making a Surgical Bed
151(1)
Chapter 13 Hygiene and Grooming
152(16)
Daily Hygiene and Grooming Needs
152(2)
Bathing the Patient
154(5)
Procedure 13-1: Giving a Complete Bed Bath
155(2)
Procedure 13-2: Giving a Partial Bed Bath
157(1)
Procedure 13-3: Assisting with a Tub Bath or Shower
157(1)
Procedure 13-4: Giving a Bed Shampoo
158(1)
Oral Hygiene
159(3)
Procedure 13-5: Assisting with Routine Oral Hygiene
160(1)
Procedure 13-6: Providing Oral Hygiene for an Unconscious Patient
160(1)
Procedure 13-7: Assisting with Denture Care
161(1)
Daily Shaving
162(1)
Procedure 13-8: Shaving a Male Patient
163(1)
Daily Hair Care
163(1)
Procedure 13-9: Assisting with Daily Hair Care
164(1)
Daily Nail Care
164(1)
Procedure 13-10: Giving Nail Care
164(1)
Back Rubs
165(1)
Procedure 13-11: Giving a Back Rub
165(1)
Caring for Eyeglasses and Hearing Aids
166(2)
Chapter 14 Special Skin Care
168(4)
Decubitus Ulcers
168(2)
Preventing Decubitus Ulcers
170(1)
Prevention Devices
171(1)
Chapter 15 Nutrition
172(12)
Principles of Nutrition
172(3)
General and Therapeutic Diets
175(1)
Assisting Patients with Eating
176(3)
Procedure 15-1: Serving Food
177(1)
Procedure 15-2: Feeding a Dependent Patient
178(1)
Supplementary Food and Fluids
179(1)
Principles of Fluid Balance
179(4)
Procedure 15-3: Measuring and Recording Fluid Intake
181(1)
Procedure 15-4: Measuring and Recording Fluid Output
182(1)
Alternative Feeding Methods
183(1)
Chapter 16 Elimination Needs
184(11)
Normal Elimination
184(2)
Toileting
186(3)
Procedure 16-1: Assisting with Use of a Urinal
187(1)
Procedure 16-2: Assisting with Use of a Bedpan
187(1)
Procedure 16-3: Assisting with Use of a Bedside Commode
188(1)
Procedure 16-4: Assisting the Patient to the Bathroom
189(1)
Perineal Care
189(2)
Procedure 16-5: Giving Perineal Care
190(1)
Catheter Care
191(4)
Procedure 16-6: Providing Catheter Care
193(1)
Procedure 16-7: Emptying the Urine Drainage Bag
194(1)
Chapter 17 Specimen Collection and Testing
195(7)
Specimen Collection
195(1)
Urine Specimens
196(3)
Procedure 17-1: Collecting a Routine Urine Specimen
197(2)
Stool Specimens
199(1)
Procedure 17-2: Collecting a Stool Specimen
200(1)
Sputum Specimens
200(2)
Procedure 17-3: Collecting a Sputum Specimen
201(1)
Chapter 18 AM and PM Care
202(4)
Rest and Sleep
202(1)
AM Care
203(1)
Procedure 18-1: Providing AM Care
204(1)
PM Care
204(2)
Procedure 18-2: Providing PM Care
204(2)
Chapter 19 Restorative Care and Rehabilitation
206(13)
Restorative Care and Rehabilitation
206(1)
Activities of Daily Living
207(1)
Assistive Devices
208(1)
Prostheses and Orthotics
209(1)
Bowel and Bladder Retraining
210(2)
Range-of-Motion Exercises
212(7)
Procedure 19-1: Performing Range-of-Motion Exercises
213(6)
PART FIVE SPECIALIZED CARE PROCEDURES219(57)
Chapter 20 Additional Patient Care Procedures
219(14)
Heat and Cold Treatments
219(6)
Procedure 20-1: Applying a Dry Cold Treatment
222(2)
Procedure 20-2: Applying an Aquamatic Pad
224(1)
Procedure 20-3: Assisting with a Sitz Bath
225(1)
Assisting with a Physical Examination
225(1)
Enemas
226(4)
Procedure 20-4: Giving a Commercial Cleansing Enema
229(1)
Procedure 20-5: Giving a Commercial Oil-Retention Enema
229(1)
Procedure 20-6: Giving a Cleansing Enema
230(1)
Disposable Rectal Tube with Connected Flatus Bag
230(1)
Rectal Suppositories
230(3)
Procedure 20-7: Using the Disposable Rectal Tube with Connected Flatus Bag
231(2)
Chapter 21 Preoperative and Postoperative Care
233(11)
Preoperative Care
233(4)
Procedure 21-1: Shaving a Patient before Surgery
237(1)
Postoperative Care
237(7)
Procedure 21-2: Assisting with Deep-Breathing Exercises
240(1)
Procedure 21-3: Applying Elasticized Stockings
241(1)
Procedure 21-4: Assisting the Patient with Initial Ambulation
242(2)
Chapter 22 Subacute Care
244(6)
Understanding Subacute Care
245(1)
Key Skills in Subacute Care
245(4)
Guidelines for Taking Vital Signs
249(1)
Documentation of Care
249(1)
Chapter 23 Special Skills in Long-Term Care
250(16)
Working in Long-Term Care
250(4)
The Effects of Aging
254(6)
Care for Cognitively Impaired Residents
260(4)
Reducing the Effects of Cognitive Impairments
264(2)
Chapter 24 Death and Dying
266(10)
The Psychology of Death
266(1)
Meeting Spiritual and Emotional Needs
267(2)
Care of Dying Patients
269(2)
The Physiology of Death
271(2)
Postmortem Care
273(3)
Procedure 24-1: Providing Postmortem Care
273(3)
Glossary276(11)
Appendix A: Thinking Exercises--Applying What You Have Learned287(2)
Appendix B: Anatomical Atlas289(17)
Appendix C: Medical Abbreviations306(2)
Index308

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