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National Electrical Code 1999
ISBN: 9780877654322 | 0877654328
Edition: 1st Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Pub. Date: 9/10/1998
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This is the standard reference for anyone involved in the electrical industry. Revised every three years, it is adopted as law by most states, cities, and municipalities. It contains the up-to-the minute facts and safety guidelines electricians need to avoid costly errors. It remains a "must-have" reference for anyone involved in electrical design installation, identification, and/or inspection.
| Introduction | p. 17 |
| General | |
| Definitions | p. 19 |
| General | p. 19 |
| Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 25 |
| Requirements for Electrical Installations | p. 26 |
| General | p. 26 |
| 600 Volts, Nominal, or Less | p. 28 |
| Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 30 |
| Tunnel Installations Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 32 |
| Wiring and Protect... MORE | |
| Use and Identification of Grounded Conductors | p. 35 |
| Branch Circuits | p. 37 |
| General Provisions | p. 37 |
| Branch-Circuit Ratings | p. 41 |
| Required Outlets | p. 43 |
| Feeders | p. 46 |
| Branch-Circuit, Feeder, and Service Calculations | p. 48 |
| General | p. 48 |
| Feeders and Services | p. 48 |
| Optional Calculations for Computing Feeder and Service Loads | p. 52 |
| Method for Computing Farm Loads | p. 55 |
| Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders | p. 55 |
| General | p. 56 |
| More than One Building or Other Structure | p. 58 |
| Over 600 Volts | p. 60 |
| Services | p. 61 |
| General | p. 61 |
| Overhead Service-Drop Conductors | p. 62 |
| Underground Service-Lateral Conductors | p. 63 |
| Service-Entrance Conductors | p. 64 |
| Service Equipment -- General | p. 66 |
| Service Equipment -- Disconnecting Means | p. 66 |
| Service Equipment -- Overcurrent Protection | p. 68 |
| Services Exceeding 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 69 |
| Overcurrent Protection | p. 70 |
| General | p. 70 |
| Location | p. 73 |
| Enclosures | p. 76 |
| Disconnecting and Guarding | p. 76 |
| Plug Fuses, Fuseholders, and Adapters | p. 77 |
| Cartridge Fuses and Fuseholders | p. 77 |
| Circuit Breakers | p. 78 |
| Supervised Industrial Installations | p. 78 |
| Overcurrent Protection Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 80 |
| Grounding | p. 80 |
| General | p. 80 |
| Circuit and System Grounding | p. 83 |
| Grounding Electrode System and Grounding electrode Conductor | p. 88 |
| Enclosure, Raceway, and Service Cable Grounding | p. 91 |
| Bonding | p. 92 |
| Equipment Grounding and Equipment Grounding Conductors | p. 94 |
| Methods of Equipment Grounding | p. 98 |
| Direct-Current Systems | p. 100 |
| Instruments, Meters, and Relays | p. 101 |
| Grounding of Systems and Circuits of 1 kV and Over (High Voltage) | p. 102 |
| Surge Arresters | p. 103 |
| General | p. 103 |
| Installation | p. 104 |
| Connecting Surge Arresters | p. 104 |
| Wiring Methods and Materials | |
| Wiring Methods | p. 105 |
| General Requirements | p. 105 |
| Requirements for Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 113 |
| Temporary Wiring | p. 115 |
| Conductors for General Wiring | p. 116 |
| Cable Trays | p. 140 |
| Open Wiring on Insulators | p. 146 |
| Messenger Supported Wiring | p. 147 |
| Concealed Knob-and-Tube Wiring | p. 148 |
| Integrated Gas Spacer Cable | p. 149 |
| General | p. 149 |
| Installation | p. 150 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 150 |
| Medium Voltage Cable | p. 150 |
| Flat Conductor Cable | p. 151 |
| General | p. 151 |
| Installation | p. 151 |
| Construction | p. 152 |
| Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Cable | p. 153 |
| General | p. 153 |
| Installation | p. 153 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 154 |
| Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing | p. 154 |
| General | p. 154 |
| Installation | p. 155 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 155 |
| Armored Cable | p. 155 |
| General | p. 155 |
| Installation | p. 156 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 157 |
| Metal-Clad Cable | p. 157 |
| General | p. 157 |
| Installation | p. 157 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 158 |
| Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable | p. 159 |
| General | p. 159 |
| Installation | p. 159 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 160 |
| Service-Entrance Cable | p. 161 |
| Underground Feeder and Branch-Circuit Cable | p. 162 |
| Power and Control Tray Cable | p. 162 |
| Nonmetallic Extensions | p. 163 |
| Nonmetallic Underground Conduit with Connectors | p. 164 |
| General | p. 164 |
| Installation | p. 165 |
| Construction | p. 165 |
| Intermediate Metal Conduit | p. 166 |
| General | p. 166 |
| Installation | p. 166 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 167 |
| Rigid Metal Conduit | p. 167 |
| General | p. 167 |
| Installation | p. 168 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 169 |
| Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit | p. 169 |
| Installations | p. 170 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 172 |
| Electrical Metallic Tubing | p. 172 |
| General | p. 172 |
| Installation | p. 173 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 174 |
| Flexible Metallic Tubing | p. 174 |
| General | p. 174 |
| Construction and Installation | p. 174 |
| Flexible Metal Conduit | p. 175 |
| General | p. 175 |
| Installation | p. 175 |
| Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit and Liquidtight Flexible Nonmentallic Conduit | p. 176 |
| Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit | p. 176 |
| Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit | p. 177 |
| Surface Metal Raceways and Surface Nonmetallic Raceways | p. 178 |
| Surface Metal Raceways | p. 178 |
| Surface Nometallic Raceways | p. 179 |
| Strut-Type Channel Raceway | p. 180 |
| Multioutlet Assembly | p. 181 |
| Underfloor Raceways | p. 181 |
| Cellular Metal Floor Raceways | p. 183 |
| Installation | p. 183 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 183 |
| Cellular Concrete Floor Raceways | p. 184 |
| Metal Wireways and Nonmetallic Wireways | p. 184 |
| Metal Wireways | p. 184 |
| Nonmetallic Wireways | p. 186 |
| Flat Cable Assemblies | p. 187 |
| Busways | p. 188 |
| General Requirements | p. 188 |
| Requirements for Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 189 |
| Cablebus | p. 190 |
| Outlet, Device, Pull and Junction Boxes, Conduit Bodies and Fittings | p. 191 |
| Scope and General | p. 191 |
| Installation | p. 192 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 197 |
| Manholes and Other Electric Enclosures Intended for Personnel Entry | p. 197 |
| Pull and Junction Boxes for Use on Systems Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 199 |
| Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures | p. 199 |
| Installation | p. 199 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 201 |
| Auxiliary Gutters | p. 202 |
| Switches | p. 204 |
| Installation | p. 204 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 207 |
| Switchboards and Panelboards | p. 207 |
| General | p. 207 |
| Switchboards | p. 208 |
| Panelboards | p. 208 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 210 |
| Equipment for General Use | |
| Flexible Cords and Cables | p. 211 |
| General | p. 211 |
| Construction Specifications | p. 220 |
| Portable Cables Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 221 |
| Fixture Wires | p. 221 |
| Lighting Fixtures, Lampholders, Lamps, and Receptacles | p. 225 |
| General | p. 225 |
| Fixture Locations | p. 225 |
| Provisions at Fixture Outlet Boxes, Canopies, and Pans | p. 226 |
| Fixture Supports | p. 227 |
| Grounding | p. 227 |
| Wiring of Fixtures | p. 228 |
| Construction of Fixtures | p. 229 |
| Installation of Lampholders | p. 230 |
| Construction of Lampholders | p. 230 |
| Lamps and Auxiliary Equipment | p. 231 |
| Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps) | p. 231 |
| Special Provisions for Flush and Recessed Fixtures | p. 232 |
| Construction of Flush and Recessed Fixtures | p. 233 |
| Special Provisions for Electric-Discharge Lighting Systems of 1000 Volts or Less | p. 233 |
| Special Provisions for Electric-Discharge Lighting Systems of More Than 100 Volts | p. 234 |
| Lighting Track | p. 235 |
| Lighting Systems Operating at 30 Volts or Less | p. 236 |
| Appliances | p. 236 |
| General | p. 236 |
| Installation | p. 236 |
| Disconnecting Means | p. 239 |
| Construction | p. 240 |
| Marking | p. 241 |
| Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment | p. 241 |
| General | p. 241 |
| Installation | p. 242 |
| Control and Protection of Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment | p. 242 |
| Marking of Heating Equipment | p. 244 |
| Electric Space-Heating Cables | p. 244 |
| Duct Heaters | p. 246 |
| Resistance-Type Boilers | p. 246 |
| Electrode-Type Boilers | p. 247 |
| Electric Radiant Heating Panels and Heating Panel Sets | p. 248 |
| Fixed Outdoor Electric Deicing and Snow-Melting Equipment | p. 250 |
| General | p. 250 |
| Installation | p. 251 |
| Resistance Heating Elements | p. 251 |
| Impedance Heating | p. 252 |
| Skin-Effect Heating | p. 252 |
| Control and Protection | p. 253 |
| Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines and Vessels | p. 253 |
| General | p. 253 |
| Installation | p. 254 |
| Resistance Rating Elements | p. 254 |
| Induction Heating | p. 255 |
| Skin-Effect Heating | p. 255 |
| Control and Protection | p. 256 |
| Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers | p. 256 |
| General | p. 256 |
| Motor Circuit Conductors | p. 262 |
| Motor and Branch-Circuit Overload Protection | p. 264 |
| Motor Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit and Ground-Fault Protection | p. 267 |
| Motor Feeder Short-Circuit and Ground-Fault Protection | p. 270 |
| Motor Control Circuits | p. 270 |
| Motor Controllers | p. 272 |
| Motor Control Centers | p. 273 |
| Disconnecting Means | p. 275 |
| Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 278 |
| Protection of Live Parts -- All Voltages | p. 278 |
| Grounding -- All Voltages | p. 279 |
| Tables | p. 280 |
| Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment | p. 283 |
| General | p. 283 |
| Disconnecting Means | p. 285 |
| Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit and Ground-Fault Protection | p. 286 |
| Branch-Circuit Conductors | p. 287 |
| Controllers for Motor-Compressors | p. 287 |
| Motor-Compressor and Branch-Circuit Overload Protection | p. 288 |
| Provisions for Room Air Conditioners | p. 289 |
| Generators | p. 289 |
| Transformers and Transformer Vaults (Including Secondary Ties) | p. 290 |
| General Provisions | p. 291 |
| Specific Provisions Applicable to Different Types of Transformers | p. 295 |
| Transformer Vaults | p. 296 |
| Phase Converters | p. 297 |
| General | p. 297 |
| Specific Provisions Applicable to Different Types of Transformers | p. 299 |
| Capacitors | p. 299 |
| 600 Volts, Nominal, and Under | p. 299 |
| Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 300 |
| Resistors and Reactors | p. 301 |
| 600 Volts, Nominal, and Under | p. 301 |
| Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 301 |
| Storage Batteries | p. 301 |
| Equipment, Over 600 Volts, Nominal | p. 303 |
| General | p. 303 |
| Equipment -- Specific Provisions | p. 303 |
| Equipment -- Metal-Enclosed Power Switchgear and Industrial Control Assemblies | p. 305 |
| Mobile and Portable Equipment | p. 307 |
| Electrode-Type Boilers | p. 308 |
| Special Occupancies | |
| Hazardous (Classified) Locations, Classes I, II, and III, Divisions 1 and 2 | p. 309 |
| Class I Locations | p. 315 |
| Class II Locations | p. 324 |
| Class III Locations | p. 330 |
| Intrinsically Safe Systems | p. 333 |
| Class I, Zone 0, 1, and 2 Locations | p. 335 |
| Hazardous (Classified) Locations -- Specific | p. 342 |
| Commercial Garages, Repair and Storage | p. 343 |
| Aircraft Hangars | p. 344 |
| Gasoline Dispensing and Service Stations | p. 346 |
| Bulk Storage Plants | p. 350 |
| Spray Application, Dipping, and Coating Processes | p. 353 |
| Health Care Facilities | p. 359 |
| General | p. 359 |
| Wiring and Protection | p. 361 |
| Essential Electrical System | p. 364 |
| Inhaiation Anesthetizing Locations | p. 372 |
| X-Ray Installations | p. 375 |
| Communications, Signaling Systems, Data Systems, Fire Alarm Systems, and Systems Less than 120 Volts, Nominal | p. 376 |
| Isolated Power Systems | p. 377 |
| Places of Assembly | p. 378 |
| Theaters, Audience Areas of Motion Picture and Television Studios, and Similar Locations | p. 379 |
| General | p. 379 |
| Fixed Stage Switchboards | p. 380 |
| Fixed Stage Equipment Other than Switchboards | p. 381 |
| Portable Switchboards on Stage | p. 383 |
| Portable Stage Equipment Other than Switchboards | p. 386 |
| Dressing Rooms | p. 387 |
| Grounding | p. 387 |
| Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs, and Similar Events | p. 387 |
| General Requirements | p. 387 |
| Installation | p. 388 |
| Grounding and Bonding | p. 389 |
| Disconnecting Means | p. 389 |
| Attractions Utilizing Pools, Fountains, and Similar Installations with Contained Volumes of Water | p. 389 |
| Motion Picture and Television Studios and Similar Locations | p. 389 |
| General | p. 389 |
| Stage or Set | p. 390 |
| Dressing Rooms | p. 393 |
| Viewing, Cutting, and Patching Tables | p. 393 |
| Cellulose Nitrate Film Storage Vaults | p. 393 |
| Substations | p. 393 |
| Separately Derived Systems with 60 Volts to Ground | p. 393 |
| Motion Picture Projectors | p. 394 |
| General | p. 394 |
| Definitions | p. 394 |
| Equipment and Projectors of the Professional Type | p. 394 |
| Nonprofessional Projectors | p. 395 |
| Audio Signal Processing, Amplification, and Reproduction Equipment | p. 395 |
| Manufactured Building | p. 395 |
| General | p. 395 |
| Agricultural Buildings | p. 396 |
| Mobile Homes, Manufactured Homes, and Mobile Home Parks | p. 398 |
| General | p. 398 |
| Mobile Homes | p. 399 |
| Services and Feeders | p. 406 |
| Recreational Vehicles and Recreational Vehicle Parks | p. 407 |
| General | p. 407 |
| Low-Voltage Systems | p. 408 |
| Combination Electrical Systems | p. 410 |
| Other Power Sources | p. 410 |
| Norminal 120-Volt or 120/240-Volt Systems | p. 411 |
| Factory Tests | p. 418 |
| Recreational Vehicle Parks | p. 418 |
| Park Trailers | p. 420 |
| General | p. 420 |
| Low-Voltage Systems | p. 421 |
| Combination Electrical Systems | p. 422 |
| Nominal 120-Volt or 120/240-Volt Systems | p. 423 |
| Factory Tests | p. 429 |
| Floating Buildings | p. 430 |
| General | p. 430 |
| Services and Feeders | p. 430 |
| Grounding | p. 430 |
| Marinas and Boatyards | p. 431 |
| Special Equipment | |
| Electric Signs and Outline Lighting | p. 433 |
| General | p. 433 |
| Field-Installed Skeleton Tubing | p. 435 |
| Manufactured Wiring Systems | p. 437 |
| Office Furnishings (Consisting of Lighting Accessories and Wired Partitions) | p. 437 |
| Cranes and Hoists | p. 438 |
| General | p. 438 |
| Wiring | p. 439 |
| Contact Conductors | p. 441 |
| Disconnecting Means | p. 442 |
| Overcurrent Protection | p. 442 |
| Control | p. 443 |
| Grounding | p. 443 |
| Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, Moving Walks, Wheelchair Lifts, and Stairway Chair Lifts | p. 444 |
| General | p. 444 |
| Conductors | p. 445 |
| Wiring | p. 446 |
| Installation of Conductors | p. 448 |
| Traveling Cables | p. 449 |
| Disconnecting Means and Control | p. 450 |
| Overcurrent Protection | p. 451 |
| Machine Room | p. 451 |
| Grounding | p. 452 |
| Emergency and Standby Power Systems | p. 452 |
| Electric Vehicle Charging System Equipment | p. 452 |
| General | p. 452 |
| Wiring Methods | p. 453 |
| Equipment Construction | p. 453 |
| Control and Protection | p. 454 |
| Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Locations | p. 454 |
| Electric Welders | p. 455 |
| General | p. 455 |
| Are Welders | p. 455 |
| Resistance Welders | p. 456 |
| Welding Cable | p. 457 |
| Audio Signal Processing Araplification, and Reproduction Equipment | p. 458 |
| General | p. 458 |
| Permanent Audio System Installations | p. 461 |
| Portable and Temporary Audio System Installations | p. 462 |
| Information Technology Equipment | p. 463 |
| Pipe Organs | p. 464 |
| X-Ray Equipment | p. 465 |
| General | p. 465 |
| Control | p. 466 |
| Transformers and Capacitors | p. 467 |
| Guarding and Grounding | p. 467 |
| Induction and Dielectric Heating Equipment | p. 467 |
| General | p. 467 |
| Guarding, Grounding, and Labeling | p. 467 |
| Motor-Generator Equipment | p. 468 |
| Equipment Other than Motor-Generators | p. 469 |
| Electrolytic Cells | p. 469 |
| Electroplating | p. 472 |
| Industrial Machinery | p. 473 |
| Electrically Driven or Controlled Irrigation Machines | p. 474 |
| General | p. 474 |
| Center Pivot Irrigation Machines | p. 476 |
| Swimming Pools, Fountains, and Similar Installations | p. 476 |
| General | p. 476 |
| Permanently Installed Pools | p. 480 |
| Storable Pools | p. 484 |
| Spas and Hot Tubs | p. 485 |
| Fountains | p. 486 |
| Pools and Tubs for Therapeutic Use | p. 487 |
| Hydromassage Bathtubs | p. 488 |
| Integrated Electrical Systems | p. 489 |
| General | p. 489 |
| Orderly Shutdown | p. 489 |
| Solar Photovoltaic Systems | p. 489 |
| General | p. 489 |
| Circuit Requirements | p. 492 |
| Disconnecting Means | p. 493 |
| Wiring Methods | p. 494 |
| Grounding | p. 495 |
| Marking | p. 495 |
| Connection to Other Sources | p. 496 |
| Storage Batteries | p. 496 |
| Systems Over 600 Volts | p. 497 |
| Fire Pumps | p. 497 |
| Special Conditions | |
| Emergency Systems | p. 501 |
| General | p. 501 |
| Circuit Wiring | p. 502 |
| Sources of Power | p. 503 |
| Emergency System Circuits for Lighting and Power | p. 504 |
| Control -- Emergency Lighting Circuits | p. 504 |
| Overcurrent Protection | p. 505 |
| Legally Required Standby Systems | p. 505 |
| General | p. 505 |
| Circuit Wiring | p. 506 |
| Sources of Power | p. 506 |
| Overcurrent Protection | p. 507 |
| Optional Standby Systems | p. 507 |
| General | p. 507 |
| Circuit Wiring | p. 508 |
| Interconnected Electrical Power Production Sources | p. 508 |
| Circuits and Equipment Operating at Less than 50 Volts | p. 510 |
| Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 Remote-Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Circuits | p. 510 |
| General | p. 510 |
| Class 1 Circuits | p. 511 |
| Class 2 and Class 3 Circuits | p. 513 |
| Instrumentation Tray Cable: Type ITC | p. 518 |
| Fire Alarm Systems | p. 519 |
| General | p. 519 |
| Nonpower-Limited Fire Alarm (NPLFA) Circuits | p. 520 |
| Power-Limited Fire Alarm (PLFA) Circuits | p. 523 |
| Optical Fiber Cables and Raceways | p. 527 |
| General | p. 527 |
| Protection | p. 528 |
| Cables Within Buildings | p. 528 |
| Closed-Loop and Programmed Power Distribution | p. 531 |
| Communications Systems | |
| Communications Circuits | p. 533 |
| General | p. 533 |
| Conductors Outside and Entering Buildings | p. 533 |
| Protection | p. 535 |
| Grounding Methods | p. 536 |
| Communications Wires and Cables Within Buildings | p. 537 |
| Radio and Television Equipment | p. 541 |
| General | p. 541 |
| Receiving Equipment -- Antenna Systems | p. 542 |
| Amateur Transmitting and Receiving Stations -- Antenna Systems | p. 544 |
| Interior Installation -- Transmitting Stations | p. 544 |
| Community Antenna Television and Radio Distribution Systems | p. 545 |
| General | p. 545 |
| Cables Outside and Entering Buildings | p. 545 |
| Protection | p. 546 |
| Grounding Methods | p. 547 |
| Cables Within Buildings | p. 548 |
| Network-Powered Broadband Communications Systems | p. 550 |
| General | p. 550 |
| Cables Outside and Entering Buildings | p. 552 |
| Protection | p. 554 |
| Grounding Methods | p. 556 |
| Network-Powered Broadband Communications Systems Wiring Methods Within Buildings | p. 557 |
| Tables | |
| Percent of Cross Section of Conduit and Tubing for Conductors | p. 561 |
| Dimensions and Percent Area of Conduit and Tubing | p. 562 |
| Dimensions of Insulated Conductors and Fixture Wires | p. 564 |
| Compact Aluminum Building Wire Nominal Dimensions and Areas | p. 566 |
| Conductor Properties | p. 567 |
| Alternating-Current Resistance and Reactance for 600-Volt Cables, 3-Phase, 60 Hz, 75[ch]C (167[ch]F) -- Three Single Conductors in Conduit | p. 568 |
| Class 2 and Class 3 Alternating-Current Power Source Limitations | p. 569 |
| Class 2 and Class 3 Direct-Current Power Source Limitations | p. 569 |
| PLFA Alternating-Current Power Source Limitations | p. 570 |
| PLFA Direct-Current Power Source Limitations | p. 570 |
| Appendix A | p. 571 |
| Appendix B | p. 575 |
| Appendix C | p. 585 |
| Appendix D | p. 609 |
| Appendix E | p. 617 |
| Index | p. 619 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
