This is the first modern textbook devoted solely to mesoscale-convective processes in the atmosphere. Such processes are realized in the form of thunderstorms and associated phenomena. Thunderstorms are dynamic and fast evolving, and can have high societal impact. For this reason it is becoming increasingly important that current and future generations of atmospheric scientists have a deep understanding of the dynamics, observations, and prediction of these phenomena. Unlike others currently available, this book also provides in-depth discussions of the observations and prediction of extreme and hazardous convective weather, as well as its dynamical evolution. This textbook provides advanced students, researchers, and weather professionals with a modern, accessible treatment of the convective processes that lie within the range of the atmospheric mesoscale.