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Mechanical Behavior of Materials : Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue

by: Dowling, Norman E.

Mechanical Behavior of Materials : Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue

by: Dowling, Norman E.

ISBN 13:
9780139057205
ISBN 10:
013905720X
Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 01/01/2007
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Summary

Praised by readers for its usefulness, this book covers the entire area of mechanical behavior of materials from a practical engineering viewpoint, providing a single-source introductory analysis with specific coverage on materials testing, yield criteria, stress-based fatigue, fracture mechanics, crack growth, strain-based fatigue, and creep. Explains test methods and the principles behind them, and explores engineering methods for predicting strength and life, with real-date worked examples. Completely updates discussions on fracture mechanics, stress-based fatigue, and creep, and adds three new appendices; one that reviews useful topics from elementary mechanics of materials, one that considers statistical variation in materials properties, and a third that aids in locating materials property information in the tables found in various chapters. Updated end-of-chapter references lead to sources of materials data and to more detailed information. For the mechanical engineer, materials engineer, aeronautical engineer, structural engineer, design engineer, or test engineer.

Preface

(6)

Acknowledgments

xvii

1 Introduction

(22)

1.1 Introduction

(1)

1.2 Types of Material Failure

(9)

1.3 Design and Materials Selection

(5)

1.4 Technological Challenge

(1)

1.5 Economic Importance of Fracture

(3)

1.6 Summary

(1)

References

(1)

Problems and Questions

(2)

2 Structure and Deformation in Materials

(25)

2.1 Introduction

(2)

2.2 Bonding in Solids

(4)

2.3 Structure in Crystalline Materials

(4)

2.4 Elastic Deformation and Theoretical Strength

(5)

2.5 Inelastic Deformation

(6)

2.6 Summary

(1)

References

(1)

Problems and Questions

(2)

3 A Survey of Engineering Materials

(54)

3.1 Introduction

(1)

3.2 Alloying and Processing of Metals

(6)

3.3 Irons and Steels

(8)

3.4 Nonferrous Metals

(4)

3.5 Polymers

(10)

3.6 Ceramics and Glasses

(7)

3.7 Composite Materials

(5)

3.8 Materials Selection for Engineering Components

(5)

3.9 Summary

(3)

References

(1)

Problems and Questions

(4)

4 Mechanical Testing: Tension Test and Other Basic Tests

102

(64)

4.1 Introduction

102

(6)

4.2 Introduction to Tension Test

108

(1)

4.3 Engineering Stress-Strain Properties

109

(10)

4.4 Trends in Tensile Behavior

119

(6)

4.5 True Stress-Strain Interpretation of Tension Test

125

(10)

4.6 Compression Test

135

(4)

4.7 Hardness Tests

139

(9)

4.8 Notch-Impact Tests

148

(4)

4.9 Bending and Torsion Tests

152

(3)

4.10 Summary

155

(2)

References

157

(1)

Problems and Questions

158

(8)

5 Stress-Strain Relationships and Behavior

166

(39)

5.1 Introduction

166

(1)

5.2 Models for Deformation Behavior

167

(10)

5.3 Elastic Deformation

177

(11)

5.4 Anisotropic Materials

188

(8)

5.5 Summary

196

(3)

References

199

(1)

Problems and Questions

199

(6)

6 Review of Complex and Principal States of Stress and Strain

205

(34)

6.1 Introduction

205

(1)

6.2 Plane Stress

206

(8)

6.3 Three-Dimensional States of Stress

214

(11)

6.4 Plane Stress Reconsidered as a Three-Dimensional Case

225

(3)

6.5 Stresses on the Octahedral Planes

228

(1)

6.6 Complex States of Strain

229

(4)

6.7 Summary

233

(2)

References

235

(1)

Problems and Questions

235

(4)

7 Yielding and Fracture under Combined Stresses

239

(47)

7.1 Introduction

239

(2)

7.2 General Form of Failure Criteria

241

(2)

7.3 Maximum Normal Stress Fracture Criterion

243

(2)

7.4 Maximum Shear Stress Yield Criterion

245

(6)

7.5 Octahedral Shear Stress Yield Criterion

251

(5)

7.6 Discussion and Comparison of the Basic Failure Criteria

256

(6)

7.7 Coulomb-Mohr Fracture Criterion

262

(6)

7.8 Modified Mohr Fracture Criterion

268

(5)

7.9 Additional Comments on Failure Criteria

273

(5)

7.10 Summary

278

(2)

References

280

(1)

Problems and Questions

281

(5)

8 Fracture of Cracked Members

286

(71)

8.1 Introduction

286

(2)

8.2 Preliminary Discussion

288

(7)

8.3 Mathematical Concepts

295

(5)

8.4 Application of K to Design and Analysis

300

(17)

8.5 Fracture Toughness Values and Trends

317

(10)

8.6 Plastic Zone Size, and Plasticity Limitations on LEFM

327

(8)

8.7 Discussion of Fracture Toughness Testing

335

(2)

8.8 Extensions of Fracture Mechanics Beyond Linear Elasticity

337

(7)

8.9 Summary

344

(3)

References

347

(2)

Problems and Questions

349

(8)

9 Fatigue of Materials: Introduction and Stress-Based Approach

357

(63)

9.1 Introduction

357

(1)

9.2 Definitions and Concepts

358

(10)

9.3 Sources of Cyclic Loading

368

(3)

9.4 Fatigue Testing

371

(4)

9.5 The Physical Nature of Fatigue Damage

375

(5)

9.6 Trends in S-N Curves

380

(8)

9.7 Mean Stresses

388

(8)

9.8 Multiaxial Stresses

396

(5)

9.9 Variable Amplitude Loading

401

(9)

9.10 Summary

410

(2)

References

412

(1)

Problems and Questions

413

(7)

10 Stress-Based Approach to Fatigue: Notched Members

420

(68)

10.1 Introduction

420

(1)

10.2 Notch Effects

421

(5)

10.3 Notch Sensitivity and Empirical Estimates of kf

426

(5)

10.4 Notch Effects at Intermediate and Short Lives

431

(3)

10.5 Combined Effects of Notches and Mean Stress

434

(7)

10.6 Estimating Long Life Fatigue Strengths (Fatigue Limits)

441

(3)

10.7 Estimating S-N Curves

444

(7)

10.8 Use of Component S-N Data

451

(10)

10.9 Designing to Avoid Fatigue Failure

461

(11)

10.10 Discussion

472

(2)

10.11 Summary

474

(2)

References

476

(1)

Problems and Questions

477

(11)

11 Fatigue Crack Growth

488

(71)

11.1 Introduction

488

(1)

11.2 Preliminary Discussion

489

(8)

11.3 Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Testing

497

(4)

11.4 Effects of R = S(min)/S(max) on Fatigue Crack Growth

501

(11)

11.5 Trends in Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior

512

(4)

11.6 Life Estimates for Constant Amplitude Loading

516

(11)

11.7 Life Estimates for Variable Amplitude Loading

527

(6)

11.8 Design Considerations

533

(2)

11.9 Plasticity Aspects and Limitations of LEFM for Fatigue Crack Growth

535

(7)

11.10 Environmental Crack Growth

542

(5)

11.11 Summary

547

(2)

References

549

(1)

Problems and Questions

550

(9)

12 Plastic Deformation Behavior and Models for Materials

559

(44)

12.1 Introduction

559

(3)

12.2 Stress-Strain Curves

562

(8)

12.3 Three-Dimensional Stress-Strain Relationships

570

(8)

12.4 Unloading and Cyclic Loading Behavior from Rheological Models

578

(7)

12.5 Cyclic Loading Behavior of Real Materials

585

(10)

12.6 Summary

595

(3)

References

598

(1)

Problems and Questions

598

(5)

13 Stress-Strain Analysis of Plastically Deforming Members

603

(46)

13.1 Introduction

603

(1)

13.2 Plasticity in Bending

604

(9)

13.3 Residual Stresses and Strains for Bending

613

(5)

13.4 Plasticity of Circular Shafts in Torsion

618

(4)

13.5 Notched Members

622

(11)

13.6 Cyclic Loading

633

(8)

13.7 Summary

641

(2)

References

643

(1)

Problems and Questions

644

(5)

14 Strain-Based Approach to Fatigue

649

(57)

14.1 Introduction

649

(2)

14.2 Strain Versus Life Curves

651

(11)

14.3 Mean Stress Effects

662

(7)

14.4 Multiaxial Stress Effects

669

(4)

14.5 Life Estimates for Structural Components

673

(13)

14.6 Discussion

686

(7)

14.7 Summary

693

(2)

References

695

(2)

Problems and Questions

697

(9)

15 Time-Dependent Behavior: Creep and Damping

706

(73)

15.1 Introduction

706

(2)

15.2 Creep Testing

708

(6)

15.3 Physical Mechanisms of Creep

714

(10)

15.4 Time-Temperature Parameters and Life Estimates

724

(10)

15.5 Creep Failure under Varying Stress

734

(1)

15.6 Stress-Strain-Time Relationships

735

(7)

15.7 Creep Deformation under Varying Stress

742

(7)

15.8 Creep under Multiaxial Stress

749

(3)

15.9 Component Stress-Strain Analysis

752

(5)

15.10 Energy Dissipation (Damping) in Materials

757

(9)

15.11 Summary

766

(3)

References

769

(1)

Problems and Questions

770

(9)

App. A Review of Selected Topics from Mechanics of Materials

779

(19)

A.1 Introduction

779

(1)

A.2 Basic Formulas for Stresses and Deflections

779

(1)

A.3 Properties of Areas

780

(3)

A.4 Shears, Moments, and Deflections in Beams

783

(2)

A.5 Stresses Due to Internal Pressure

785

(2)

A.6 Elastic Stress Concentration Factors for Notches

787

(1)

A.7 Fully Plastic Yielding Loads

787

(10)

References

797

(1)

App. B Statistical Variation in Materials Properties

798

(9)

B.1 Introduction

798

(1)

B.2 Mean and Standard Deviation

799

(1)

B.3 Normal or Gaussian Distribution

800

(3)

B.4 Typical Variation in Materials Properties

803

(1)

B.5 One-Sided Tolerance Limits

804

(2)

B.6 Discussion

806

(1)

References

806

(1)

Bibliography

807

(12)

Index

819

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Mechanical Behavior of Materials : Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue

Mechanical Behavior of Materials : Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue

9780139057205

013905720X

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Mechanical Behavior of Materials : Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue

Mechanical Behavior of Materials : Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue

9780139057205

013905720X

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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