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Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers

ISBN: 9780673981875 | 0673981878
Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2006

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SummaryTable of Contents
Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers provides a current and comprehensive overview of the materials used by Civil and Construction engineers. It introduces the student to the important characteristics of these materials, their uses, and their properties. The focus of this book is on the practical application of information on civil and construction materials.
Revision of the best selling civil engineering materials book on the market right now. Appropriate for civil engineering students at the junior or s... MORE
Prefacex
Materials Engineering Concepts
1(39)
Economic Factors
2(1)
... MOREMechanical Properties
3(16)
Loading Conditions
3(1)
Stress-Strain Relations
4(1)
Elastic Behavior
5(3)
Elasto-Plastic Behavior
8(3)
Work and Energy
11(1)
Time-Dependent Response
12(1)
Rheological Models
13(4)
Temperature and Time Effects
17(1)
Failure and Safety
18(1)
Nonmechanical Properties
19(3)
Density and Unit Weight
19(1)
Thermal Expansion
20(2)
Surface Characteristics
22(1)
Production and Construction
22(1)
Aesthetic Characteristics
23(1)
Material Variability
23(6)
Sampling
25(1)
Normal Distribution
25(1)
Control Charts
26(2)
Experimental Error
28(1)
Laboratory Measuring Devices
29(11)
Dial Gauge
30(1)
Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)
31(2)
Strain Gauge
33(1)
Proving Ring
33(1)
Load Cell
34(1)
Summary
35(1)
Questions and Problems
36(3)
References
39(1)
Nature of Materials
40(30)
Basic Materials Concepts
40(6)
Electron Configuration
40(3)
Bonding
43(3)
Material Classification by Bond Type
46(1)
Metallic Materials
46(13)
Lattice Structure
47(4)
Lattice Defects
51(1)
Grain Structure
51(3)
Alloys
54(1)
Phase Diagrams
55(4)
Combined Effects
59(1)
Inorganic Solids
59(3)
Organic Solids
62(8)
Polymer Development, Structure, and Cross Linking
63(1)
Melting and Glass Transition Temperature
64(1)
Mechanical Properties
65(2)
Summary
67(1)
Questions and Problems
67(2)
References
69(1)
Steel
70(28)
Steel Production
71(1)
Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram
72(3)
Heat Treatment of Steel
75(1)
Annealing
76(1)
Normalizing
76(1)
Hardening
76(1)
Tempering
76(1)
Steel Alloys
76(2)
Structural Steel
78(2)
Structural Steel Grades
78(1)
Sectional Shapes
78(2)
Reinforcing Steel
80(3)
Mechanical Testing of Steel
83(8)
Tension Test
83(3)
Torsion Test
86(2)
Charpy V Notch Impact Test
88(2)
Bend Test
90(1)
Hardness Test
90(1)
Welding
91(2)
Steel Corrosion
93(5)
Methods for Corrosion Resistance
93(1)
Summary
94(1)
Questions and Problems
94(3)
References
97(1)
Aluminum
98(14)
Aluminum Production
99(3)
Aluminum Metallurgy
102(3)
Alloy Designation System
102(3)
Temper Treatments
105(1)
Aluminum Testing and Properties
105(3)
Welding and Fastening
108(1)
Corrosion
109(3)
Summary
109(1)
Questions and Problems
110(1)
References
111(1)
Aggregates
112(28)
Aggregate Sources
112(1)
Geological Classification
112(1)
Evaluation of Aggregate Sources
113(1)
Aggregate Uses
114(1)
Aggregate Properties
114(21)
Particle Shape and Surface Texture
114(3)
Soundness and Durability
117(1)
Toughness, Hardness, and Abrasion Resistance
118(1)
Absorption
118(1)
Specific Gravity
119(2)
Strength and Modulus
121(1)
Gradation and Maximum Size
121(12)
Deleterious Substances in Aggregate
133(1)
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity
134(1)
Affinity for Asphalt
134(1)
Handling Aggregates
135(1)
Sampling Aggregates
135(5)
Summary
137(1)
Questions and Problems
137(2)
References
139(1)
Portland Cement
140(25)
Portland Cement Production
140(2)
Chemical Composition of Portland Cement
142(1)
Fineness of Portland Cement
143(1)
Specific Gravity of Portland Cement
143(1)
Hydration of Portland Cement
143(2)
Structure Development in Cement Paste
145(1)
Evaluation of Hydration Progress
145(1)
Voids in Hydrated Cement
145(2)
Properties of Hydrated Cement
147(2)
Setting
147(1)
Soundness
148(1)
Compressive Strength
148(1)
Water-Cement Ratio
149(1)
Types of Portland Cement
150(3)
Standard Portland Cement Types
151(2)
Other Cement Types
153(1)
Mixing Water
153(1)
Admixtures for Concrete
154(11)
Air Entrainers
155(1)
Water Reducers
156(1)
Superplasticizers
157(1)
Retarders
157(1)
Accelerators
158(1)
Fine Minerals
159(3)
Specialty Admixtures
162(1)
Summary
162(1)
Questions and Problems
162(2)
References
164(1)
Portland Cement Concrete
165(42)
Proportioning of Concrete Mixes
165(16)
Basic Steps for Weight and Absolute Volume Methods
166(14)
Mixing Concrete for Small Jobs
180(1)
Mixing and Handling Fresh Concrete
181(4)
Ready Mixed Concrete
181(1)
Mobile Batcher Mixed Concrete
182(1)
Pumped Concrete
182(1)
Vibration of Concrete
182(1)
Pitfalls and Precautions for Mixing Water
183(1)
Measuring Air Content in Fresh Concrete
183(2)
Curing Concrete
185(3)
Ponding or Immersion
186(1)
Spraying or Fogging
186(1)
Wet Coverings
186(1)
Impervious Papers or Plastic Sheets
187(1)
Membrane-forming Compounds
187(1)
Forms Left in Place
187(1)
Steam Curing
187(1)
Insulating Blankets or Covers
187(1)
Electrical, Hot Oil, and Infrared Curing
187(1)
Curing Period
188(1)
Properties of Hardened Concrete
188(4)
Early Volume Change
188(1)
Creep Properties
189(1)
Permeability
189(1)
Stress-Strain Relation
190(2)
Testing of Hardened Concrete
192(6)
Compressive Strength Test
192(1)
Split-Tension Test
193(1)
Flexure Strength Test
194(2)
Rebound Hammer Test
196(1)
Penetration Resistance Test
196(1)
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test
197(1)
Maturity Test
197(1)
Alternatives to Conventional Concrete
198(9)
Lightweight Concrete
198(1)
Heavyweight Concrete
199(1)
High-strength Concrete
200(1)
High-workability Concrete
200(1)
Shrinkage Compensating Concrete
201(1)
Polymers and Concrete
201(1)
Fiber-reinforced Concrete
201(1)
Roller-compacted Concrete
202(1)
High-Performance Concrete
203(1)
Summary
203(1)
Questions and Problems
203(3)
References
206(1)
Masonry
207(10)
Masonry Units
207(7)
Concrete Masonry Units
208(3)
Clay Bricks
211(3)
Mortar
214(1)
Grout
215(1)
Plaster
215(2)
Summary
215(1)
Questions and Problems
215(1)
References
216(1)
Asphalt and Asphalt Mixture
217(52)
Types of Asphalt Products
220(1)
Uses of Asphalt
221(1)
Temperature Susceptibility of Asphalt
222(1)
Chemical Properties of Asphalt
222(2)
Superpave
224(1)
Characterization of Asphalt
224(8)
Superpave Binder Characterization Approach
224(1)
Superpave Binder Characterization Tests
225(4)
Superpave Testing Procedure
229(1)
Traditional Asphalt Characterization Tests
230(2)
Characterization of Emulsion and Cutback
232(1)
Classification of Asphalt
232(7)
Asphalt Binders
232(6)
Asphalt Cutbacks
238(1)
Asphalt Emulsions
238(1)
Asphalt Concrete
239(1)
Desired Properties
239(1)
Asphalt Concrete Production
239(1)
Asphalt Concrete Mix Design
240(19)
Specimen Preparation in the Laboratory
240(2)
Density and Voids Analysis
242(4)
Superpave Mix Design
246(5)
Marshall Method of Mix Design
251(5)
Hveem Method of Mix Design
256(2)
Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility
258(1)
Characterization of Asphalt Concrete
259(4)
Indirect Tensile Strength
259(1)
Diametral Tensile Resilient Modulus
260(2)
Freeze and Thaw Test
262(1)
Creep Compliance
262(1)
Use of Rheological Models to Analyze Time Dependent Response
263(1)
Recycling of Asphalt Concrete
263(1)
Surface Recycling
264(1)
Central Plant Recycling
264(1)
In-Place Recycling
264(1)
Additives
264(5)
Fillers
265(1)
Extenders
265(1)
Rubber
265(1)
Plastics
265(1)
Antistripping Agents
265(1)
Others
265(1)
Summary
266(1)
Questions and Problems
266(2)
References
268(1)
Wood
269(30)
Structure of Wood
270(2)
Growth Rings
270(1)
Anisotropic Nature of Wood
271(1)
Chemical Composition
272(1)
Moisture Content
273(1)
Wood Production
274(3)
Cutting Techniques
276(1)
Seasoning
276(1)
Lumber Grades
277(2)
Hardwood Grades
278(1)
Softwood Grades
278(1)
Defects in Lumber
279(3)
Knots
279(1)
Shakes
279(1)
Wane
279(1)
Sap Streak
280(1)
Reaction Wood
281(1)
Pitch Pockets
281(1)
Bark Pockets
281(1)
Checks
281(1)
Splits
281(1)
Warping
281(1)
Raised, Loosened, or Fuzzy Grain
281(1)
Chipped or Torn Grain
281(1)
Machine Burn
281(1)
Physical Properties
282(1)
Specific Gravity and Density
282(1)
Thermal Properties
282(1)
Electrical Properties
283(1)
Mechanical Properties
283(2)
Modulus of Elasticity
283(1)
Strength Properties
284(1)
Creep
284(1)
Damping Capacity
284(1)
Testing to Determine Mechanical Properties
285(3)
Static Bending Test
286(1)
Compression Tests
287(1)
Design Considerations
288(1)
Organisms That Degrade Wood
289(1)
Fungi
289(1)
Bacteria
290(1)
Insects
290(1)
Marine Organisms
290(1)
Wood Preservation
290(1)
Petroleum-based Solutions
290(1)
Waterborne Preservatives (Salts)
290(1)
Application Techniques
291(1)
Engineered Wood Products
291(8)
Glued-Laminated Timbers
292(1)
Plywood
293(1)
Particle Board and Strand Board
294(1)
Summary
295(1)
Questions and Problems
295(3)
References
298(1)
Composites
299(15)
Microscopic Composites
300(5)
Fiber-Reinforced Composites
301(1)
Particle-Reinforced Composites
301(1)
Matrix Phase
302(1)
Fabrication
302(1)
Civil Engineering Applications
303(2)
Macroscopic Composites
305(3)
Plain Portland Cement Concrete
306(1)
Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete
306(1)
Asphalt Concrete
307(1)
Engineered Wood
307(1)
Properties of Composites
308(6)
Loading Parallel to Fibers
308(2)
Loading Perpendicular to Fibers
310(1)
Randomly Oriented Fiber Composites
311(1)
Particle-Reinforced Composites
312(1)
Summary
312(1)
Questions and Problems
312(1)
References
313(1)
Appendix: Laboratory Manual314(67)
Experiment No. 1. Introduction to Measuring Devices
315(1)
Experiment No. 2. Tension Test of Steel and Aluminum
316(3)
Experiment No. 3. Torsion Test of Steel and Aluminum
319(2)
Experiment No. 4. Impact Test of Steel
321(2)
Experiment No. 5. Microscopic Inspection of Materials
323(1)
Experiment No. 6. Sieve Analysis of Aggregates
324(3)
Experiment No. 7. Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
327(2)
Experiment No. 8. Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
329(3)
Experiment No. 9. Slump of Freshly Mixed Portland Cement Concrete
332(2)
Experiment No. 10. Unit Weight and Yield of Freshly Mixed Concrete
334(3)
Experiment No. 11. Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Pressure Method
337(2)
Experiment No. 12. Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Volumetric Method
339(2)
Experiment No. 13. Making and Curing Concrete Cylinders and Beams
341(2)
Experiment No. 14. Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens with Sulfur or Capping Compound
343(1)
Experiment No. 15. Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
344(3)
Experiment No. 16. Flexural Strength of Concrete
347(2)
Experiment No. 17. Rebound Number of Hardened Concrete
349(1)
Experiment No. 18. Penetration Resistance of Hardened Concrete
350(1)
Experiment No. 19. Testing of Concrete Masonry Units
351(3)
Experiment No. 20. Viscosity of Asphalt Binder by Rotational Viscometer
354(2)
Experiment No. 21. Dynamic Shear Rheometer Test of Asphalt Binder
356(2)
Experiment No. 22. Penetration Test of Asphalt Cement
358(2)
Experiment No. 23. Absolute Viscosity Test of Asphalt
360(2)
Experiment No. 24. Preparation of Asphalt Concrete Specimens Using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
362(4)
Experiment No. 25. Preparation of Asphalt Concrete Specimens Using the Marshall Compactor
366(2)
Experiment No. 26. Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Bituminious Mixtures
368(1)
Experiment No. 27. Marshall Stability and Flow of Asphalt Concrete
369(2)
Experiment No. 28. Creep Test of Asphalt Concrete
371(2)
Experiment No. 29. Bending and Compression Tests of Wood
373(5)
Experiment No. 30. Tensile Properties of Plastics
378(3)
Index381

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