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Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers

ISBN: 9780131477148 | 0131477145
Edition: 2nd
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2006

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SummaryTable of Contents
John P. Zaniewski is an Asphalt Technology Professor with the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University. Michael S. Mamlouk is a Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Arizona State University.
For courses in Civil Engineering Materials, Construction Materials, and Construction Methods and Materials offered in Civil, Environmental, or Construction engineering departments.This introduction gives engineering students a basic understanding of the material selection proces... MORE
Prefacexiv
Materials Engineering Concepts
1(51)
Economic Factors
2(1)
... MOREMechanical Properties
3(19)
Loading Conditions
4(1)
Stress-Strain Relations
5(1)
Elastic Behavior
6(2)
Elastoplastic Behavior
8(4)
Work and Energy
12(1)
Time-Dependent Response
13(2)
Rheological Models
15(3)
Temperature and Time Effects
18(1)
Failure and Safety
19(3)
Nonmechanical Properties
22(3)
Density and Unit Weight
22(1)
Thermal Expansion
23(2)
Surface Characteristics
25(1)
Production and Construction
25(1)
Aesthetic Characteristics
26(1)
Material Variability
27(5)
Sampling
28(1)
Normal Distribution
29(1)
Control Charts
29(3)
Experimental Error
32(1)
Laboratory Measuring Devices
32(18)
Dial Gauge
33(1)
Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)
34(3)
Strain Gauge
37(1)
Proving Ring
38(1)
Load Cell
39(1)
Summary
40(1)
Questions and Problems
41(9)
References
50(2)
Nature of Materials
52(34)
Basic Materials Concepts
52(7)
Electron Configuration
52(3)
Bonding
55(3)
Material Classification by Bond Type
58(1)
Metallic Materials
59(15)
Lattice Structure
59(5)
Lattice Defects
64(1)
Grain Structure
65(2)
Alloys
67(1)
Phase Diagrams
68(6)
Combined Effects
74(1)
Inorganic Solids
74(3)
Organic Solids
77(8)
Polymer Development, Structure, and Cross-Linking
78(1)
Melting and Glass Transition Temperature
79(2)
Mechanical Properties
81(1)
Summary
82(1)
Questions and Problems
83(2)
References
85(1)
Steel
86(52)
Steel Production
87(3)
Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram
90(4)
Heat Treatment of Steel
94(2)
Annealing
94(1)
Normalizing
95(1)
Hardening
95(1)
Tempering
96(1)
Example of Heat Treatment
96(1)
Steel Alloys
96(2)
Structural Steel
98(9)
Structural Steel Grades
98(3)
Sectional Shapes
101(1)
Specialty Steels in Structural Applications
102(5)
Fastening Products
107(1)
Reinforcing Steel
107(3)
Mechanical Testing of Steel
110(15)
Tension Test
110(7)
Torsion Test
117(2)
Charpy V Notch Impact Test
119(3)
Bend Test
122(1)
Hardness Test
122(2)
Ultrasonic Testing
124(1)
Welding
125(2)
Steel Corrosion
127(9)
Methods for Corrosion Resistance
128(1)
Summary
129(1)
Questions and Problems
130(6)
References
136(2)
Aluminum
138(21)
Aluminum Production
140(2)
Aluminum Metallurgy
142(4)
Alloy Designation System
144(1)
Temper Treatments
145(1)
Aluminum Testing and Properties
146(7)
Welding and Fastening
153(1)
Corrosion
154(4)
Summary
154(1)
Questions and Problems
154(4)
References
158(1)
Aggregates
159(42)
Aggregate Sources
159(1)
Geological Classification
160(1)
Evaluation of Aggregate Sources
161(1)
Aggregate Uses
162(1)
Aggregate Properties
163(29)
Particle Shape and Surface Texture
163(2)
Soundness and Durability
165(1)
Toughness, Hardness, and Abrasion Resistance
166(1)
Absorption
167(2)
Specific Gravity
169(2)
Bulk Unit Weight and Voids in Aggregate
171(1)
Strength and Modulus
172(1)
Gradation and Maximum Size
172(17)
Deleterious Substances in Aggregate
189(1)
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity
190(1)
Affinity for Asphalt
191(1)
Handling Aggregates
192(8)
Sampling Aggregates
192(2)
Summary
194(1)
Questions and Problems
194(6)
References
200(1)
Portland Cement
201(34)
Portland Cement Production
201(1)
Chemical Composition of Portland Cement
202(1)
Fineness of Portland Cement
203(1)
Specific Gravity of Portland Cement
204(1)
Hydration of Portland Cement
205(2)
Structure Development in Cement Paste
207(1)
Evaluation of Hydration Progress
207(1)
Voids in Hydrated Cement
207(2)
Properties of Hydrated Cement
209(3)
Setting
209(2)
Soundness
211(1)
Compressive Strength
212(1)
Water-Cementitious Materials Ratio
212(1)
Types of Portland Cement
213(3)
Standard Portland Cement Types
213(3)
Other Cement Types
216(1)
Mixing Water
216(3)
Acceptable Criteria
217(1)
Disposal and Reuse of Concrete Wash Water
217(2)
Admixtures for Concrete
219(15)
Air Entrainers
220(1)
Water Reducers
221(3)
Retarders
224(1)
Hydration-Control Admixtures
225(1)
Accelerators
225(2)
Supplementary Cementitious Admixtures
227(2)
Specialty Admixtures
229(1)
Summary
230(1)
Questions and Problems
230(4)
References
234(1)
Portland Cement Concrete
235(70)
Proportioning of Concrete Mixes
235(21)
Basic Steps for Weight and Absolute Volume Methods
236(18)
Mixing Concrete for Small Jobs
254(2)
Mixing, Placing, and Handling Fresh Concrete
256(11)
Ready-Mixed Concrete
256(1)
Mobile Batcher Mixed Concrete
257(1)
Depositing Concrete
257(3)
Pumped Concrete
260(1)
Vibration of Concrete
260(1)
Pitfalls and Precautions for Mixing Water
261(1)
Measuring Air Content in Fresh Concrete
262(2)
Spreading and Finishing Concrete
264(3)
Curing Concrete
267(7)
Ponding or Immersion
268(1)
Spraying or Fogging
268(1)
Wet Coverings
268(2)
Impervious Papers or Plastic Sheets
270(1)
Membrane-forming Compounds
271(2)
Forms Left in Place
273(1)
Steam Curing
273(1)
Insulating Blankets or Covers
273(1)
Electrical, Hot Oil, and Infrared Curing
273(1)
Curing Period
273(1)
Properties of Hardened Concrete
274(4)
Early Volume Change
274(1)
Creep Properties
275(1)
Permeability
275(1)
Stress-Strain Relation Ship
276(2)
Testing of Hardened Concrete
278(9)
Compressive Strength Test
279(2)
Split-Tension Test
281(1)
Flexure Strength Test
282(1)
Rebound Hammer Test
283(1)
Penetration Resistance Test
284(1)
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test
285(1)
Maturity Test
285(2)
Alternatives to Conventional Concrete
287(16)
Self-Consolidating Concrete
287(1)
Flowable Fill
288(2)
Shotcrete
290(1)
Lightweight Concrete
291(1)
Heavyweight Concrete
292(1)
High-Strength Concrete
293(1)
Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
294(1)
Polymers and Concrete
294(1)
Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
295(1)
Roller-Compacted Concrete
296(1)
High-Performance Concrete
296(2)
Summary
298(1)
Questions and Problems
298(5)
References
303(2)
Masonry
305(14)
Masonry Units
305(9)
Concrete Masonry Units
306(5)
Clay Bricks
311(3)
Mortar
314(1)
Grout
314(1)
Plaster
315(3)
Summary
315(1)
Questions and Problems
315(3)
References
318(1)
Asphalt Binders and Asphalt Mixtures
319(75)
Types of Asphalt Products
322(1)
Uses of Asphalt
323(3)
Temperature Susceptibility of Asphalt
326(2)
Chemical Properties of Asphalt
328(1)
Superpave and Performance Grade Binders
329(2)
Characterization of Asphalt
331(9)
Performance Grade Characterization Approach
331(1)
Performance Grade Binder Characterization
332(6)
Traditional Asphalt Characterization Tests
338(1)
Characterization of Emulsion and Cutback
338(2)
Classification of Asphalt
340(8)
Asphalt Binders
340(6)
Asphalt Cutbacks
346(1)
Asphalt Emulsions
346(2)
Asphalt Concrete
348(1)
Asphalt Concrete Mix Design
348(29)
Specimen Preparation in the Laboratory
349(2)
Density and Voids Analysis
351(4)
Superpave Mix Design
355(9)
Superpave Simple Performance Tests (SPT)
364(3)
Marshall Method of Mix Design
367(8)
Hveem Method of Mix Design
375(1)
Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility
376(1)
Characterization of Asphalt Concrete
377(4)
Indirect Tensile Strength
378(1)
Diametral Tensile Resilient Modulus
378(3)
Freeze and Thaw Test
381(1)
Use of Rheological Models to Analyze Time-Dependent Response
381(1)
Asphalt Concrete Production
381(1)
Recycling of Asphalt Concrete
382(2)
Surface Recycling
383(1)
Central Plant Recycling
383(1)
In-Place Recycling
384(1)
Additives
384(8)
Fillers
384(1)
Extenders
384(1)
Rubber
385(1)
Plastics
385(1)
Antistripping Agent
385(1)
Others
385(1)
Summary
385(1)
Questions and Problems
386(6)
References
392(2)
Wood
394(51)
Structure of Wood
396(3)
Growth Rings
396(2)
Anisotropic Nature of Wood
398(1)
Chemical Composition
399(1)
Moisture Content
400(2)
Wood Production
402(3)
Cutting Techniques
403(1)
Seasoning
404(1)
Lumber Grades
405(2)
Hardwood Grades
406(1)
Softwood Grades
406(1)
Defects in Lumber
407(3)
Physical Properties
410(2)
Specific Gravity and Density
410(1)
Thermal Properties
411(1)
Electrical Properties
412(1)
Mechanical Properties
412(2)
Modulus of Elasticity
412(1)
Strength Properties
413(1)
Creep
413(1)
Damping Capacity
413(1)
Testing to Determine Mechanical Properties
414(3)
Static Bending Test
415(1)
Compression Tests
416(1)
Design Considerations
417(1)
Organisms that Degrade Wood
418(2)
Fungi
419(1)
Bacteria
419(1)
Insects
419(1)
Marine Organisms
420(1)
Wood Preservation
420(2)
Petroleum-Based Solutions
420(1)
Waterborne Preservatives
420(1)
Application Techniques
421(1)
Construction Precautions
422(1)
Engineered Wood Products
422(22)
Structural Panels/Sheets
424(1)
Structural Shapes
425(13)
Composite Structural Members
438(1)
Summary
438(1)
Questions and Problems
439(5)
References
444(1)
Composites
445(112)
Microscopic Composites
446(6)
Fiber-Reinforced Composites
447(1)
Particle-Reinforced Composites
448(1)
Matrix Phase
449(1)
Fabrication
449(1)
Civil Engineering Applications
449(3)
Macroscopic Composites
452(5)
Plain Portland Cement Concrete
455(1)
Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete
455(1)
Asphalt Concrete
456(1)
Engineered Wood
457(1)
Properties of Composites
457(7)
Loading Parallel to Fibers
457(2)
Loading Perpendicular to Fibers
459(2)
Randomly Oriented Fiber Composites
461(1)
Particle-Reinforced Composites
461(1)
Summary
462(1)
Questions and Problems
462(2)
References
464(2)
Appendix
Experiments
Introduction to Measuring Devices
466(4)
Tension Test of Steel and Aluminum
470(4)
Torsion Test of Steel and Aluminum
474(3)
Impact Test of Steel
477(3)
Microscopic Inspection of Materials
480(2)
Sieve Analysis of Aggregates
482(5)
Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
487(3)
Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
490(3)
Bulk Unit Weight and Voids in Aggregate
493(3)
Slump of Freshly Mixed Portland Cement Concrete
496(3)
Unit Weight and Yield of Freshly Mixed Concrete
499(3)
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Pressure Method
502(2)
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Volumetric Method
504(2)
Making and Curing Concrete Cylinders and Beams
506(4)
Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens with Sulfur or Capping Compound
510(2)
Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
512(3)
Flexural Strength of Concrete
515(3)
Rebound Number of Hardened Concrete
518(2)
Penetration Resistance of Hardened Concrete
520(3)
Testing of Concrete Masonry Units
523(3)
Viscosity of Asphalt Binder by Rotational Viscometer
526(2)
Dynamic Shear Rheometer Test of Asphalt Binder
528(3)
Penetration Test of Asphalt Cement
531(2)
Absolute Viscosity Test of Asphalt
533(2)
Preparing and Determining the Density of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) Specimens by Means of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
535(4)
Preparation of Asphalt Concrete Specimens Using the Marshall Compactor
539(4)
Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Bituminious Mixtures
543(3)
Marshall Stability and Flow of Asphalt Concrete
546(2)
Bending and Compression Tests of Wood
548(5)
Tensile Properties of Plastics
553(4)
Index557

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