Detailed Contents

Preface

Part 1: Becoming a Master Reader  

1 A Reading System for Master Readers

2 Vocabulary Skills

3 Stated Main Ideas

4 Implied Main Ideas and Implied Central Ideas

5 Supporting Details

6 Outlines and Concept Maps

7 Transitions and Thought Patterns

8 More Thought Patterns

9 Fact and Opinion

10 Tone and Purpose

11 Inferences

12 The Basics of Argument

13 Advanced Argument: Persuasive Techniques

Part 2: Additional Readings

Part 3: Combined-Skills Tests 

Text Credits  

Photo Credits

Index 

Detailed Contents

Preface

Part 1: Becoming a Master Reader  1

Chapter 1: A Reading System for Master Readers 3

Define Prior Knowledge

Use the Three Phases of the Reading Process with SQ3R    

Survey and Question Before Reading

Survey 

Question          

Read and Annotate During Reading

            Read    

            Annotate                      

Recite and Review After Reading

            Recite  

            Review

Develop Textbook Skills: Use SQ3R to Master Textbook Reading

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of the Reading Process           

Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About a Reading System for Master Readers            

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of a Reading System for Master Readers 

Chapter 2: Vocabulary Skills

Before Reading About Vocabulary Skills

Define Vocabulary

Analyze Context Clues Using SAGE: Synonyms, Antonyms, General Sense of the Passage, and Examples

            Synonyms

            Antonyms

            General Context

            Examples

Develop Textbook Skills: Using a Glossary

Analyze Word Parts: Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes

            Roots

            Prefixes

            Suffixes

Develop Textbook Skills: Discipline-Specific Vocabulary         

Develop Textbook Skills: Visual Vocabulary

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Vocabulary

            Academic Application

            Personal Application

            Career Application

Review Tests

After Reading About Vocabulary Skills

Mastery Tests

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Vocabulary Skills

Chapter 3: Stated Main Ideas      

Before Reading About Stated Main Ideas 

Identify the Traits of a Main Idea

Identify the Topic of a Paragraph

Identify a Topic Sentence           

Analyze the Flow of Ideas and Identify Placement of Topic Sentences           

            Topic Sentence at the Beginning of a Paragraph    

            Topic Sentence Within a Paragraph

            Topic Sentence at the End of A Paragraph

            Topic Sentence at the Beginning and the End of the Paragraph           

Recognize the Central Idea and the Thesis Statement                                 

Develop Textbook Skills: Identify Topics, Main Ideas, and Central Ideas in Textbook Passages     

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Stated Main Ideas                       

Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Stated Main Ideas    

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Stated Main Ideas   

Chapter 4: Implied Main Ideas and Implied Central Ideas   

Before Reading About Implied Main Ideas and Implied Central Ideas           

Define the Term Implied Main Idea         

Analyze Supporting Details and Thought Patterns to Determine Implied Main Ideas       

Determine the Implied Main Ideas of Paragraphs   

Create a Summary from the Supporting Details     

Determine and State the Implied Central Idea        

Develop Textbook Skills: How to Read a Map

Recognize Experience and Perspective    

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Implied Main Ideas         

Academic Application   

Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Implied Main Ideas and Implied Central Ideas 

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Implied Main and Implied Central Ideas    

Chapter 5: Supporting Details     

Before Reading About Supporting Details

Create Questions to Locate Supporting Details      

Distinguish Between Major and Minor Details      

Create a Summary from Annotations       

            Drafting a Summary: Implied Main Ideas  

Develop Textbook Skills: Chapter-End Questions in a Textbook     

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Supporting Details

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Supporting Details

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Supporting Details  

Chapter 6: Outlines and Concept Maps    

Before Reading about Outlines and Concept Maps            

Create Outlines 

Create Concept Maps     

Develop Textbook Skills: The Table of Contents   

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Outlines and Concept Maps         

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Outlines and Concept Maps  

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Outlines and Concept Maps   

Chapter 7: Transitions and Thought Patterns                     

Before Reading About Transitions and Thought Patterns    

Recognize Transition Words to Determine Relationships Within a Sentence          

Recognize Thought Patterns to Determine Relationships Between Sentences         

            The Time Order Pattern  

            The Space Order Pattern

            The Listing Pattern        

            The Classification Pattern          

Develop Textbook Skills: Thought Patterns in Textbooks   

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Transitions and Thought Patterns 

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Transitions and Thought Patterns      

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Transitions and Thought Patterns

Chapter 8: More Thought Patterns           

Before Reading About More Thought Patterns      

Recognize the Comparison-and Contrast Pattern and Signal Words 

Comparison      

            Contrast           

            Comparison and Contrast                       

Recognize the Cause-and-Effect Pattern and Signal Words 

Recognize the Generalization-and-Example Pattern and Signal Words           

Recognize the Definition-and-Example Pattern and Signal Words   

Develop Textbook Skills: Thought Patterns in Textbooks

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of More Thought Patterns

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests

After Reading About More Thought Patterns

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of More Thought Patterns           

Chapter 9: Fact and Opinion       

Before Reading About Fact and Opinion  

Define the Terms Fact and Opinion         

Ask Questions to Identify Facts   

Analyze Biased Words to Identify Opinions

Analyze Qualifiers to Identify Opinions

Analyze Supposed “Facts”         

Read Critically: Evaluate Details as Fact or Opinion in Context                  

            Evaluate the Context of the Passage

            Evaluate the Context of the Author

            Evaluate the Context of the Source

Develop Textbook Skills: Fact and Opinion in Textbooks  

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Fact and Opinion

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Fact and Opinion

Mastery Tests

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Fact and Opinion    

Chapter 10: Tone and Purpose     451

Before Reading About Tone and Purpose  451

Define the Terms Tone and Purpose         452

Understand How Tone is Established        454

Identify Subjective and Objective Tone Words      457

Determine the General Purpose in the Main Idea    460

Determine the Primary Purpose of a Passage          465

Evaluate Passages for the Use of Irony      470

Develop Textbook Skills: Recognize an Author’s Tone and Purpose 473

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Tone and Purpose            474

            Academic Application    475

            Personal Application      476

            Career Application         477

Review Tests     478

After Reading About Tone and Purpose    488

Mastery Tests    489

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Tone and Purpose    497

Chapter 10: Tone and Purpose    

Before Reading About Tone and Purpose 

Define the Terms Tone and Purpose        

Recognize How Tone is Established

Identify Subjective and Objective Tone Words     

Determine the General Purpose in the Main Idea   

Determine the Primary Purpose of a Passage

Recognize Irony Used for Special Effects

Develop Textbook Skills: Recognize an Author’s Tone and Purpose

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Tone and Purpose

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Tone and Purpose   

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts of Tone and Purpose   

Chapter 11: Inferences   

Before Reading About Inferences

Describe Inferences as Educated Guesses

Define a Valid Inference

Apply the VALID Approach to Make Inferences and Avoid Invalid Conclusions     

            Step 1: Verify and Value the Facts           

            Step 2: Assess Prior Knowledge

            Step 3: Learn from the Text

            Step 4: Investigate for Bias

            Step 5: Detect Contradictions

Make Inferences Based on Creative Expressions   

Develop Textbook Skills: Inferences and Visual Aids in Textbooks

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Inferences         

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Inferences  

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts About Inferences

Chapter 12: The Basics of Argument                    

Before Reading About the Basics of Argument

Define the Terms Argument, Claim, and Supports                          

Step 1: Identify the Author’s Claim and Supports  

Step 2: Determine Whether the Supports Are Relevant       

Step 3: Determine Whether the Supports Are Adequate      

Step 4: Analyze the Argument for Bias

Develop Textbook Skills: The Logic of Argument in Textbooks      

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of the Basics of Argument   

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About the Basics of Argument        

Mastery Tests   

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts About the Basics of Argument         

Chapter 13:  Advanced Argument: Persuasive Techniques 

Before Reading About Advanced Argument

Define Biased Arguments: Fallacy and Propaganda

            What Is a Fallacy in Logical Thought?     

            What Is Propaganda?     

Detect Fallacies Based on Irrelevant Arguments: Personal Attack, Straw Man, and Begging the Question  

            Personal Attack 

            Straw Man        

            Begging the Question     

Detect Propaganda Techniques Based on Irrelevant Arguments: Name-Calling, Testimonials, Bandwagon, and Plain Folks

            Name-Calling   

            Testimonials     

            Bandwagon      

            Plain Folks       

Detect Fallacies Based on Inadequate Arguments: Either-Or, False Comparison, and False Cause     

            Either-Or          

            False Comparison          

            False Cause      

Detect Propaganda Techniques Based on Inadequate Arguments: Card Stacking, Transfer, and Glittering Generalities     

            Card Stacking   

            Transfer           

            Glittering Generalities   

Develop Textbook Skills: Examining Biased Arguments in Textbooks

Apply Information Literacy Skills: Academic, Personal, and Career Applications of Advanced Argument: Persuasive Techniques         

            Academic Application   

            Personal Application     

            Career Application        

Review Tests    

After Reading About Advanced Argument

Mastery Tests    6

Chapter Review: Summary of Key Concepts About Advanced Argument: Persuasive Techniques   

Part 2: Additional Readings

The Connection Between Reading and Writing

            Annotating a Text

            Writing a Summary

            A Reading-Writing Plan of Action

1 Sex, Lies and Conversation: Why Is It So Hard for  Men and Women to Talk to Each Other?

            By Deborah Tannen

2 Prude or Prudent? The Debate Over Access to Plan B

            By Kathleen Parker

3  Binge Drinking, a Campus Killer

            By Sabrina Rubin Erdely

4 Is Substance Abuse a Social Problem?

             By John D. Carl

5 An Account of Alfred C. Cooley’s Plight in the Face of Hurricane Katrina

            By Sandra Offiah-Hawkins

6 Night Diving

            By Bucky McMahon

7 Fannie Lou Hamer

            By Maya Angelou

8 Human Development

            By Richard J. Gerrig with Philip G. Zimbardo

9 The Price of Greatness

            By Winston S. Churchill

10 Real People in the “Age of the Common Man”

            By Jacqueline Jones, Peter H. Wood, Thomas Borstelmann, Elaine Tyler May, and Vicki L. Ruiz

Part 3: Combined-Skills Tests

Text Credits C-1

Photo Credits C-3

Index I-1

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