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Just and Unjust Wars : A Moral Argument with Historical Illustrations

ISBN: 9780465037070 | 0465037070
Edition: 4th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: BASIC BOOKS
Pub. Date: 7/1/2006

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SummaryTable of ContentsAuthor Biography
This classic work of political ethics has radically reconfigured the way that we think about war. From the Athenian attack on Melos to the My Lai Massacre, from the wars in the Balkans through the first war in Iraq, Michael Walzer examines the moral issues surrounding military theory, war crimes, and the spoils of war. He studies a variety of conflicts over the course of history, as well as the testimony of those who have been most directly involved--participants, decision makers, and victims. In his introduction to this new edition, Walzer spe... MORE
Preface to the Fourth Editionix
Prefacexix
Acknowledgmentsxxvii
PART ONE THE MORAL REALITY OF WAR
1 Against "Realism"
3... MORE
The Realist Argument
4(9)
The Melian Dialogue Strategy and Morality
13(3)
Historical Relativism
16(5)
Three Accounts of Agincourt
2 The Crime of War
21(13)
The Logic of War
22(3)
The Argument of Karl von Clausewitz
The Limit of Consent
25(4)
The Tyranny of War
29(5)
General Sherman and the Burning of Atlanta
3 The Rules of War
34(17)
The Moral Equality of Soldiers
34(7)
The Case of Hitler's Generals
Two Sorts of Rules
41(3)
The War Convention
44(7)
The Example of Surrender
PART TWO THE THEORY OF AGGRESSION
4 Law and Order in International Society
51(23)
Aggression
51(2)
The Rights of Political Communities
53(5)
The Case of Alsace-Lorraine
The Legalist Paradigm
58(5)
Unavoidable Categories
63(4)
Karl Marx and the Franco-Prussian War
The Argument for Appeasement
67(7)
Czechoslovakia and the Munich Principle Finland
5 Anticipations
74(12)
Preventive War and the Balance of Power
76(4)
The War of the Spanish
Succession Pre-emptive Strikes
80(6)
The Six Day War
6 Interventions
86(23)
Self-Determination and Self-Help
87(4)
The Argument of John Stuart Mill
Secession
91(5)
The Hungarian Revolution
Civil War
96(5)
The American War in Vietnam
Humanitarian Intervention
101(8)
Cuba, 1898, and Bangladesh, 1971
7 War's Ends, and the Importance of Winning
109(18)
Unconditional Surrender
111(6)
Allied Policy in World War II
Justice in Settlements
117(10)
The Korean War
PART THREE THE WAR CONVENTION
8 War's Means, and the Importance of Fighting Well
127(11)
Utility and Proportionality
129(4)
The Argument of Henry Sidgwick
Human Rights
133(5)
The Rape of the Italian Women
9 Noncombatant Immunity and Military Necessity
138(22)
The Status of Individuals
138(6)
Naked Soldiers
The Nature of Necessity (1)
144(7)
Submarine Warfare: The Laconia Affair
Double Effect
151(9)
Bombardment in Korea
The Bombing of Occupied France and the Vemork Raid
10 War Against Civilians: Sieges and Blockades
160(16)
Coercion and Responsibility
161(4)
The Siege of Jerusalem, 72 A.D.
The Right to Leave
165(5)
The Siege of Leningrad
Taking Aim and the Doctrine of Double Effect
170(6)
The British Blockade of Germany
11 Guerrilla War
176(21)
Resistance to Military Occupation
176(3)
A Partisan Attack
The Rights of Guerrilla Fighters
179(7)
The Rights of Civilian Supporters
186(11)
The American "Rules of Engagement" in Vietnam
12 Terrorism
197(10)
The Political Code
197(7)
The Russian Populists, the IRA, and the Stern Gang
The Vietcong Assassination Campaign
Violence and Liberation
204(3)
Jean-Paul Sartre and the Battle of Algiers
13 Reprisals
207(18)
Deterrence Without Retribution
207(9)
The FFI Prisoners at Annecy
The Problem of Peacetime Reprisals
216(9)
The Attack on Khibye and the Beirut Raid
PART FOUR DILEMMAS OF WAR
14 Winning and Fighting Well
225(8)
"Asinine Ethics"
225(3)
Chairman Mao and the Battle of the River Hung
The Sliding Scale and the Argument from Extremity
228(5)
15 Aggression and Neutrality
233(18)
The Right to Be Neutral
234(5)
The Nature of Necessity (2)
239(3)
The Rape of Belgium
The Sliding Scale
242(9)
Winston Churchill and Norwegian Neutrality
16 Supreme Emergency
251(18)
The Nature of Necessity (3)
251(4)
Overriding the Rules of War
255(8)
The Decision to Bomb German Cities
The Limits of Calculation
263(6)
Hiroshima
17 Nuclear Deterrence
269(18)
The Problem of Immoral Threats
269(5)
Limited Nuclear War
274(13)
The Argument of Paul Ramsey
PART FIVE THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY
18 The Crime of Aggression: Political Leaders and Citizens
287(17)
The World of Officials
289(7)
Nuremberg: "The Ministries Case"
Democratic Responsibilities
296(8)
The American People and the Vietnam War
19 War Crimes: Soldiers and Their Officers
304(25)
In the Heat of Battle
306(3)
Two Accounts of Killing Prisoners
Superior Orders
309(7)
The My Lai Massacre
Command Responsibility
316(7)
General Bradley and the Bombing of St, Lô
The Case of General Yamashita
The Nature of Necessity (4)
323(2)
The Dishonoring of Arthur Harris
Conclusion
325(4)
Afterword Nonviolence and the Theory of War329(26)
Notes 33;
Index355
Michael Walzer is Professor of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, and the author of many widely heralded books, including Spheres of Justice, Exodus and Revolution, and The Company of Critics, all available from Basic Books. He lives in Princeton, New Jersey.


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